Deck 2: Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Displays

Question 1

The age of employees at a company is an example of _____.

A) categorical data
B) quantitative data
C) label data
D) time series data

Answer 1

quantitative data

Question 2

The relative frequency of a class is computed by _____.

A) dividing the midpoint of the class by the sample size
B) dividing the frequency of the class by the midpoint
C) dividing the sample size by the frequency of the class
D) dividing the frequency of the class by the sample size

Answer 2

dividing the frequency of the class by the sample size

Question 3

The height and weight are recorded by the school nurse for every student in a school. What type of graph would best display the relationship between height and weight?

A) bar graph
B) stem-and-leaf plot
C) histogram
D) scatter diagram

Answer 3

scatter diagram

Question 4

The percent frequency of a class is computed by _____.

A) multiplying the relative frequency by 10
B) dividing the relative frequency by 100
C) multiplying the relative frequency by 100
D) adding 100 to the relative frequency

Question 5

A frequency distribution is a _____.

A) tabular summary of a set of data showing the fraction of items in each of several nonoverlapping classes
B) graphical form of representing data
C) tabular summary of a set of data showing the number of items in each of several nonoverlapping classes
D) graphical device for presenting categorical data

Question 6

The minimum number of variables represented in a bar chart is _____.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 7

Which of the following graphical methods is most appropriate for categorical data?

A) ogive
B) pie chart
C) histogram
D) scatter diagram

Question 8

A researcher asked 20 people for their zip code. The respondents zip codes are an example of _____.

A) categorical data
B) quantitative data
C) label data
D) category data

Question 9

The sum of frequencies for all classes will always equal _____.

A) 1
B) the number of elements in a data set
C) the number of classes
D) a value between 0 and 1

Question 10

The sum of the relative frequencies for all classes will always equal _____.

A) the sample size
B) the number of classes
C) 1
D) 100

Question 11

A researcher is gathering data from four geographical areas designated: South = 1; North = 2; East = 3; West = 4. The designated geographical regions represent _____.

A) categorical data
B) quantitative data
C) directional data
D) either quantitative or categorical data

Question 12

If several frequency distributions are constructed from the same data set, the distribution with the widest class width will have the _____.

A) fewest classes
B) most classes
C) same number of classes as the other distributions since all are constructed from the same data
D) None of the answers is correct.

Question 13

The proper way to construct a stem-and-leaf display for the data set {62, 67, 68, 73, 73, 79, 91, 94, 95, 97} is to _____.

A) exclude a stem labeled '8'
B) include a stem labeled '8' and enter no leaves on the stem
C) include a stem labeled '(8)' and enter no leaves on the stem
D) include a stem labeled '8' and enter one leaf value of '0' on the stem

Question 14

In a stem-and-leaf display, _____.

A) a single digit is used to define each stem, and a single digit is used to define each leaf
B) a single digit is used to define each stem, and one or more digits are used to define each leaf
C) one or more digits are used to define each stem, and a single digit is used to define each leaf
D) one or more digits are used to define each stem, and one or more digits are used to define each leaf

Question 15

In constructing a frequency distribution, as the number of classes is decreased, the class width _____.

A) decreases
B) remains unchanged
C) increases
D) can increase or decrease depending on the data values

Question 16

There are 20 boys and 8 girls in a class. What type of graph can be used to display this information?

A) bar graph
B) stem-and-leaf plot
C) histogram
D) scatter diagram

Question 17

The minimum number of variables represented in a histogram is _____.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 18

Data that provide labels or names for groupings of like items are known as _____.

A) categorical data
B) quantitative data
C) label data
D) generic data

Question 19

Excel's __________ can be used to construct a frequency distribution for categorical data.

A) DISTRIBUTION function
B) SUM function
C) FREQUENCY function
D) COUNTIF function

Question 20

A graphical method that can be used to show both the rank order and shape of a data set simultaneously is a _____.

A) relative frequency distribution
B) pie chart
C) stem-and-leaf display
D) pivot table

Question 21

A graphical device for presenting categorical data summaries based on subdivision of a circle into sectors that correspond to the relative frequency for each class is a _____.

A) histogram
B) stem-and-leaf display
C) pie chart
D) bar chart

Question 22

A common graphical presentation of quantitative data is a _____.

A) histogram
B) bar chart
C) relative frequency
D) pie chart

Question 23

A graphical presentation of a frequency distribution, relative frequency distribution, or percent frequency distribution of quantitative data constructed by placing the class intervals on the horizontal axis and the frequencies on the vertical axis is a _____.

A) histogram
B) bar chart
C) stem-and-leaf display
D) pie chart

Question 24

To construct a bar chart using Excel's Chart Tools, choose __________ as the chart type.

A) column
B) pie
C) scatter
D) line

Question 25

The difference between the lower class limits of adjacent classes provides the _____.

A) number of classes
B) class limits
C) class midpoint
D) class width

Question 26

Excel's __________ can be used to construct a frequency distribution for quantitative data.

A) COUNTIF function
B) SUM function
C) PivotTable report
D) AVERAGE function

Question 27

To construct a pie chart using Excel's Chart Tools, choose __________ as the chart type.

A) column
B) pie
C) scatter
D) line

Question 28

A __________ can be used to graphically present quantitative data.

A) histogram
B) pie chart
C) stem-and-leaf display
D) histogram and a stem-and-leaf display

Question 29

A graphical device for depicting categorical data that have been summarized in a frequency distribution, relative frequency distribution, or percent frequency distribution is a(n) _____.

A) histogram
B) stem-and-leaf display
C) ogive
D) bar chart

Question 30

College students were surveyed to determine how much they planned to spend in various categories during the upcoming academic year. One category is the amount spent on school supplies. The graphs below show the amount of money spent on school supplies by women and men. Approximately what percent of women spend more than $105 on school supplies?

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 15%
D) 20%

Question 31

Categorical data can be graphically represented by using a(n) _____.

A) histogram
B) frequency polygon
C) ogive
D) bar chart

Question 32

Frequency distributions can be made for _____.

A) categorical data only
B) quantitative data only
C) neither categorical nor quantitative data
D) both categorical and quantitative data

Question 33

Excel's Chart Tools can be used to construct a _____.

A) bar chart
B) pie chart
C) histogram
D) All of these can be constructed using Excel's Chart Tools.

Question 34

When using Excel to create a __________, one must edit the chart to remove the gaps between rectangles.

A) scatter diagram
B) bar chart
C) histogram
D) pie chart

Question 35

A(n) __________ is a graph of a cumulative distribution.

A) histogram
B) pie chart
C) stem-and-leaf display
D) ogive

Question 36

In a cumulative frequency distribution, the last class will always have a cumulative frequency equal to _____.

A) 1
B) 100%
C) the total number of elements in the data set
D) None of the answers is correct.

Question 37

What is the difference between a bar graph and a histogram?

A) There is no difference between a bar graph and a histogram.
B) A histogram displays quantitative data, while a bar graph displays categorical data.
C) A histogram must have space between the bars, while a bar graph has no spaces between the bars.
D) None of the answers is correct.

Question 38

Fifteen percent of the students in a School of Business Administration are majoring in Economics, 20% in Finance, 35% in Management, and 30% in Accounting. The graphical device(s) that can be used to present these data is(are) _____.

A) a line graph
B) only a bar chart
C) only a pie chart
D) both a bar chart and a pie chart

Question 39

A dot plot can be used to display _____.

A) the relationship between two quantitative variables
B) the percent a particular category is of the whole
C) the distribution of one quantitative variable
D) Simpson's paradox

Question 40

The total number of data items with a value less than or equal to the upper limit for the class is given by the _____.

A) frequency distribution
B) relative frequency distribution
C) cumulative frequency distribution
D) cumulative relative frequency distribution

Question 41

Excel's Chart Tools does NOT have a chart type for constructing a _____.

A) bar chart
B) pie chart
C) histogram
D) stem-and-leaf display

Question 42

A tabular method that can be used to summarize the data on two variables simultaneously is called _____.

A) simultaneous equations
B) a crosstabulation
C) a histogram
D) a dot plot

Question 43

Do males prefer a particular type of smartphone more than females? A survey was conducted to help answer this question. The results are displayed below. What type of phone do males prefer?

A) Android
B) iPhone
C) Males prefer Androids and iPhones equally.
D) cannot be determined based upon the information given in the graph

Question 44

In a class with 30 students, we ask, "If you could have any super power, what would it be?" Each student could only choose one super power. The resulting pie chart is below. The least popular choice of super power was _____. ​

A) ability to fly
B) telepathy
C) invisibility
D) super strength

Question 45

A histogram is NOT appropriate for displaying which of the following types of information?

A) frequency
B) relative frequency
C) cumulative frequency
D) percent frequency

Question 46

The following is a summary of the number of hours spent per day watching television for a sample of 100 people. What is wrong with the frequency distribution?

Question 47

For stem-and-leaf displays where the leaf unit is not stated, the leaf unit is assumed to equal _____.

A) 0
B) 0.1
C) 1
D) 10

Question 48

Which of the following graphical methods is not intended for quantitative data?

A) ogive
B) dot plot
C) scatter diagram
D) pie chart

Question 49

In a crosstabulation, _____.

A) both variables must be categorical
B) both variables must be quantitative
C) one variable must be categorical and the other must be quantitative
D) either or both variables can be categorical or quantitative

Question 50

In Excel, the line of best fit for the points in a scatter diagram is called a _____.

A) trendline
B) horizontal line
C) vertical line
D) fit line

Question 51

The grades of 10 students on their first management test are shown below. ​
a.
Construct a frequency distribution. Let the first class be 60−69.
b.
Construct a cumulative frequency distribution.
c.
Construct a relative frequency distribution.

Question 52

We ask 30 people the following question: "How many people do you live with?" Below are the results in a dot plot. What percentage of people surveyed live with 3 or less people?

A) 30%
B) 40%
C) 50%
D) 90%

Question 53

Excel's __________ can be used to construct a crosstabulation.

A) Chart Tools
B) SUM function
C) PivotTable report
D) COUNTIF function

Question 54

Which of the following is LEAST useful in studying the relationship between two variables?

A) trendline
B) stem-and-leaf display
C) crosstabulation
D) scatter diagram

Question 55

The frequency distribution below was constructed from data collected from a group of 25 students. ​
a.
Construct a relative frequency distribution.
b.
Construct a cumulative frequency distribution.
c.
Construct a cumulative relative frequency distribution.

Question 56

You are given the following data on the ages of employees at a company. Construct a stem-and-leaf display. Specify the leaf unit for the display.

Question 57

When the conclusions based upon the aggregated crosstabulation can be completely reversed if we look at the unaggregated data, the occurrence is known as _____.

A) reverse correlation
B) inferential statistics
C) Simpson's paradox
D) disaggregation

Question 58

Before drawing any conclusions about the relationship between two variables shown in a crosstabulation, you should _____.

A) investigate whether any hidden variables could affect the conclusions
B) construct a scatter diagram and find the trendline
C) develop a relative frequency distribution
D) construct an ogive for each of the variables

Question 59

To construct a histogram using Excel's Chart Tools, choose __________ as the chart type.

A) column
B) pie
C) scatter
D) line

Question 60

A summary of the results of a job satisfaction survey follows. What is wrong with the relative frequency distribution?

Question 61

What type of relationship is depicted in the following scatter diagram?

Question 62

You are given the following data on the earnings per share for 10 companies. Construct a stem-and-leaf display. Specify the leaf unit for the display.

Question 63

You are given the following data on the annual salaries for 8 employees. Construct a stem-and-leaf display. Specify the leaf unit for the display.

Question 64

You are given the following data on times (in minutes) to complete a race. Construct a stem-and-leaf display. Specify the leaf unit for the display.

Question 65

You are given the following data on the price/earnings (P/E) ratios for 12 companies. Construct a stem-and-leaf display. Specify the leaf unit for the display.

Question 66

Ithaca Log Homes manufactures four styles of log houses that are sold in kits. The price ($1000s) and style of homes the company has sold in the past year are shown below.
​ ​
​
Prepare a crosstabulation for the variables price and style.

Question 67

Construct a stem-and-leaf display for the following data. Specify the leaf unit for the display.

Question 68

For the following observations, indicate what kind of relationship (if any) exists between women's height (inches) and annual starting salary ($1000s).

Question 69

Develop a stretched stem-and-leaf display for the data set below, using a leaf unit of 10.