Deck 3: The Changing U.S.Health and Public Health Care Systems

Question 1

According to the 1999 Institute of Medicine report,as many as 98,000 deaths each year could be attributed to:

A) cardiovascular disease.
B) obesity.
C) medical error.
D) drug overdose.

Answer 1

medical error.

Question 2

A nurse is working with a community to decrease the occurrence of influenza.Which of the following U.S.Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS; or simply HHS)goals is being applied?

A) Strengthen Health Care
B) Advance the Health, Safety, and Well-being of the American People
C) Increase Efficiency, Transparency, Accountability, and Effectiveness of HHS Programs
D) Advance Scientific Knowledge and Innovation

Answer 2

Advance the Health, Safety, and Well-being of the American People

Question 3

A community health nurse reviews Healthy People 2020 when considering the health needs that will be addressed in the community.Which goal would the nurse find in this document?

A) Promote healthy behaviors for children
B) Cure cancer
C) Eliminate health disparities
D) Provide primary care to all citizens

Answer 3

Eliminate health disparities

Question 4

A nursing program has initiated a recruitment campaign focusing on increasing the minority students in its program.Which of the following best describes the rationale for this program?

A) The number of minority versus non-minority nurses should be equal.
B) Minority health care professionals who share the same culture with the clients may provide more effective care.
C) The profession should be more diverse.
D) Minority nurses can mentor other nurses when providing care for diverse populations.

Question 5

PHC in the United States:

A) has dramatically improved since the passage of the Declaration of Alma Ata.
B) focuses on the use of government-funded insurance programs.
C) lacks community participation and a multidisciplinary health care delivery team.
D) utilizes Preferred Provider Organizations to meet needs of the citizens.

Question 6

A nurse is exploring a job opportunity at a community health center.Which of the following expectations would the nurse have about the center?

A) Would be located in a large metropolitan area
B) Provides care only to the economically disadvantaged
C) Offers comprehensive primary care services and supportive services
D) Is used for preventive services such as flu shots

Question 7

A community health nurse is utilizing telehealth.Which of the following best describes the rationale for its use?

A) Enables clients to get nursing care in their homes
B) Substitutes for health department delivered care
C) Improves access to care in rural areas
D) Replaces face-to-face care for those who cannot afford it

Question 8

The number of uninsured Americans has dramatically increased because:

A) Medicare took over payment of health care costs.
B) with a declining population, the costs for health care rose.
C) nursing salaries greatly increased, causing health care costs to rise.
D) health insurance coverage was dropped from employment-based health plans.

Question 9

What initiative began as a result of a resolution adopted by the WHO in 1977?

A) Declaration of Alma Ata
B) Medicare
C) Healthy People
D) PHC movement

Question 10

A nurse who was working in public health care has gotten a new job in primary care.Which of the following differences would be seen by the nurse in this new care setting?

A) Focus on individuals
B) Services provided by specialists
C) Autonomy in the practice setting
D) Community focused care is provided

Question 11

A nursing student interviews a member of the local congressional district to learn more about the health care system in the United States.Which statement made by the congressman would be accurate?

A) "Managed care was short-lived because too many consumer groups endorsed the plans."
B) "Under managed care, clients had unlimited access to providers of their choice."
C) "Managed care failed because Americans were used to free access to providers of their choice."
D) "Managed care in the United States has been replaced by the Affordable Health Care for America Act."

Question 12

A nursing student is researching advanced practice nursing options.Which of the following discoveries would most likely be made by the nursing student?

A) Nurse practitioners may work independently depending on the state practice act.
B) Certified nurse midwives have limited prescriptive authority.
C) Clinical nurse specialists typically provide primary care services.
D) The Doctorate in Nursing Practice emphasizes the importance of research.

Question 13

In the United States,the majority of health care dollars are spent on:

A) prescription drugs.
B) hospital care.
C) physician services.
D) public health services (PHSs).

Question 14

Residents of rural communities report that they must travel for long distances to obtain health care services.As a result,they seek health care only for emergencies and severe illnesses.Which aspect of the health care system in the United States is illustrated in this situation?

A) Access to care
B) Cost
C) Quality
D) Advances in technology

Question 15

A public health agency is considering implementing an electronic health record.Which of the following best describes one of the benefits the agency will experience?

A) Facilitation of interprofessional care
B) Improved client compliance with medical regimens
C) Cost savings to the agency
D) Compliance with the Joint Commission of Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) standards

Question 16

A nurse interacts with a 25-year-old woman at a community health center who is obtaining a gynecological examination and birth control pills.Which of the following types of care is the client receiving?

A) Tertiary health care
B) Public health care
C) PHC
D) Specialized care

Question 17

One of the goals of the World Health Organization (WHO)is to:

A) provide PHC services to everyone.
B) prevent outbreaks of disease.
C) prevent the transmittal of communicable disease among nations of the world.
D) provide humanitarian support in times of disaster.

Question 18

The federal agency of the public health system that is most involved with the health and welfare of United States citizens is the:

A) Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services.
B) U. S. Department of Health and Human Services.
C) U. S. Public Health Service (USPHS; or simply PHS).
D) Health Resources and Services Administration.

Question 19

A client is receiving PHC services.Which of the following expectations would the client have?

A) The care would be provided by a physician.
B) Private insurance would be necessary to receive care.
C) The emphasis of care provided would be on prevention.
D) A referral would be made to a specialist after receiving services.

Question 20

An 80-year-old woman comes to the community health center with a large bag of medications.She tells the nurse she can no longer afford these medications because her only income is Social Security.Which statement is the best response by the nurse?

A) "Let's go through these medications and see which ones we can delete."
B) "You can get these medicines at this clinic for free."
C) "Let's see if we can get some help from Medicare to pay for these medications. I will refer you to our social worker."
D) "These medications are important. Do your best to pay for them."

Question 21

What are some of the untoward events categorized in the Institute of Medicine (IOM)report about medical errors? (Select all that apply.)

A) Wrong-site surgery
B) Adverse drug events
C) Improper transfusions
D) Restraint related deaths
E) Poor staffing patterns

Question 22

A nurse is entering the health care workforce.Which of the following expectations should the nurse have for the workforce? (Select all that apply.)

A) There is a shortage of nurses in the United States.
B) Schools of nursing turn away qualified applicants due to lack of faculty and limitations of clinical sites.
C) By 2016 there are expected to be 527,000 new nursing positions.
D) More students are choosing laboratory science, pharmacy technology, and radiology technology over nursing.
E) There is a shortage of physician specialists in the United States.

Question 23

A nurse works to promote the passage of a public health law to protect the health of the community.Which of the following would the nurse most likely be promoting?

A) Requiring all persons to have health insurance coverage
B) Administering flu shots in the late fall and early winter
C) Mandating immunizations for all children entering kindergarten
D) Monitoring and licensing nuclear power plants

Question 24

A nurse is working in a state health department.Which of the following programs would the nurse most likely be working with?

A) Senior health
B) Dental services
C) HIV/AIDS service
D) Mental health

Question 25

A nurse is employed by the Department of Homeland Security.Which of the following actions would be expected by this department?

A) Prevention and protection against terrorist attacks
B) Regulation of licensure of medical personnel
C) Inspection of the safety of food and cosmetics
D) Regulation of managed care organizations