Deck 56: Lower Castrointestinal Tract Medicines

Question 1

Which of the laxative groups acts directly on the wall of intestines to stimulate defecation?

A) Lubricants
B) Stimulant laxatives
C) Osmotic laxatives
D) Faecal softeners

Answer 1

Stimulant laxatives

Question 2

Which bacterium is NOT known to be a cause of diarrhoea?

A) Salmonella
B) Shigella
C) Clostridia
D) E. coli

Answer 2

E. coli

Question 3

Which topical preparation would help reduce the inflammation of haemorrhoids?

A) Polyethylene glycol
B) Witch-hazel
C) Benzocaine
D) Phenol

Answer 3

Witch-hazel

Question 4

Pectin is an example of what type of antidiarrheal?

A) Absorbent
B) Adsorbent
C) Opioid derivative
D) Belladonna alkaloid

Question 5

Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate is often used as a stool softener in young children.What would you advise the parents of a child who has been given this preparation about when they can expect to see results?

A) Two days
B) One day
C) 12-24 hours
D) Less than six hours

Question 6

Sennosides are best administered:

A) at bedtime.
B) before lying down.
C) with meals.
D) in the recumbent position.

Question 7

Treatment of diarrhoea with diphenoxylate may cause:

A) constipation.
B) dysphagia.
C) gastric reflux.
D) increased bowel sounds.

Question 8

In perianal disease,________ laxatives should be used to prevent straining.

A) stimulant
B) lubricant
C) bulk
D) softener

Question 9

Peppermint oil may be useful in the treatment of:

A) gallstones.
B) irritable bowel syndrome.
C) haemorrhoids.
D) GORD.

Question 10

The two main types of treatment for inflammatory bowel disease are:

A) antispasmodics and anti-inflammatories.
B) immunosuppressants and opioids.
C) opioids and antispasmodics.
D) anti-inflammatories and immunosuppressants.

Question 11

Treatment with the anti-inflammatory bowel drug sulfasalazine can cause:

A) insomnia.
B) dizziness.
C) male infertility.
D) vitamin A deficiency.

Question 12

Which of the following laxative groups is used for bowel preparation before a medical procedure?

A) Lubricants and stimulant laxatives
B) Faecal softeners and bulk-forming laxatives
C) Bulk-forming laxatives and lubricants
D) Irritant laxatives and selected osmotic laxatives

Question 13

Cryotherapy may be useful to treat haemorrhoids because it:

A) can increase blood supply and promote healing.
B) induces a fibrosis that anchors the haemorrhoid.
C) can cause shrinking of the dilated veins.
D) can precipitate cell surface proteins and reduce swelling.

Question 14

Use of which category of drugs would require concomitant treatment with laxatives or stool softeners?

A) Opioids
B) Oral hypoglycemics
C) Multivitamins without iron
D) NSAIDs

Question 15

Constipation may be best avoided in many cases by increasing dietary levels of:

A) alcohol.
B) lipids.
C) fibre.
D) meat.

Question 16

A client is admitted with gallstones,and the health professional decides to attempt to dissolve the stones with ursodeoxycholic acid.Which finding would make this treatment contraindicated?

A) Pre-existing constipation
B) Mild nausea
C) Mild diarrhoea
D) Cirrhosis

Question 17

Docusate is a:

A) faecal softener.
B) lubricant.
C) stimulant.
D) bulk laxative.

Question 18

Which condition might require a patient to need supplementation of pancreatic enzymes?

A) Peptic ulcer disease
B) Diabetes
C) Irritable bowel syndrome
D) Cystic fibrosis

Question 19

Tumour necrosis factor-? antagonists are used as a treatment for which disorder?

A) Haemorrhoids
B) Constipation
C) Crohn's disease
D) GORD

Question 20

A first line therapy for chronic constipation would be:

A) stimulant laxatives such as senna.
B) faecal softeners such as docusate.
C) osmotic laxatives such as glycerol.
D) lubricants such as liquid paraffin.

Question 21

Outline the potential benefits of peppermint oil in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.