Deck 7: Jeffersonian America: an Expanding Empire of Liberty, 1800-1824

Question 1

The case of Marbury v. Madison is considered one of the Supreme Court's landmark cases in American constitutional law because it _.

A) abolished slavery throughout the United States
B) ordered Secretary of State James Madison to grant William Marbury's commission
C) created a federal judiciary for the first time
D) gave the Supreme Court powers through judicial review that made it equal to the other two branches of government

Answer 1

gave the Supreme Court powers through judicial review that made it equal to the other two branches of government

Question 2

This political cartoon of Thomas Jefferson and his slave Sally Hemings created by former Jefferson supporter James Callender demonstrates .

A) that attacks on the president's character had become personal
B) Jefferson's support for granting freedom to his slaves
C) how Jefferson's plan for a republic of yeoman farmers was linked to slavery
D) that many African-Americans can trace their ancestry to Jefferson and Hemings

Answer 2

that attacks on the president's character had become personal

Question 3

What was Jefferson's original goal when he sent a delegation to France to negotiate the issue of the Louisiana Territory with Napoleon Bonaparte?

A) He wanted to buy the port of New Orleans to protect American shipping interests.
B) He was interested in purchasing the entire Louisiana Territory from France.
C) He was planning on resettling all African-American slaves west of the Mississippi.
D) He was hoping to declare war on France in response to its closure of New Orleans to American shipping.

Answer 3

He wanted to buy the port of New Orleans to protect American shipping interests.

Question 4

An 1804 duel reflective of the early nineteenth-century American value of justice cost
His life.

A) Aaron Burr
B) Alexander Hamilton
C) Thomas Jefferson
D) John Marshall

Question 5

How did the American Indian revival movements led by Handsome Lake and the Prophet Tenskwatawa differ from each other?

A) Handsome Lake tried to find a diplomatic solution to dealing with Americans while Tenskwatawa favored a more militant stance.
B) Handsome Lake's movement centered on the Indian tribes of the Great Lakes region while Tenskwatawa's goal was to revive the Great Iroquoian Confederacy.
C) Handsome Lake championed abstinence from alcohol while Tenskwatawa failed to adhere to this value.
D) Handsome Lake preferred to remain isolated from the American government while Tenskwatawa met with President Jefferson to defend his people's land claims.

Question 6

In the election of 1804, Jefferson won a second term after defeating .

A) Aaron Burr
B) John Marshall
C) James Madison
D) Charles Pinckney

Question 7

What was the primary objective that Jefferson set for the Lewis and Clark expedition?

A) seeking gold and other valuable minerals
B) conquering the Indians of the West
C) dividing the Louisiana Purchase into states and townships
D) exploring and mapping the West

Question 8

The map of the Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark expedition illustrates that

A) most of the terrain that the expedition traversed was mountainous
B) the lands crossed by the expedition were relatively uninhabited
C) the expedition primarily followed waterways such as the Missouri River across the West
D) the expedition trespassed into Spanish Territory

Question 9

By focusing on the machine to remove water from the archeological dig, Charles Wilson Peale's painting Exhuming the First American Mastodon addresses .

A) Jefferson's lack of interest in the study of fossils
B) an examination of the past rather than the present
C) the successes of American science and engineering
D) opposition to the use of slave labor

Question 10

Why did the Judiciary Act of 1801 reduce the number of Supreme Court justices from six to five?

A) Republicans felt that this reduction in membership would strengthen the district courts at the state level.
B) Federalists wanted to minimize Jefferson's opportunities to appoint justices to the Supreme Court.
C) Congress realized that the Supreme Court already had more power than the legislative branch.
D) Republicans wanted to remove the strong Federalist influence present in the Supreme Court.

Question 11

How did Jefferson demonstrate in his 1801 inaugural address that his idea of government differed from that of his Federalist predecessors?

A) He planned to reduce the size of the federal government.
B) He wanted to base the nation's commercial and military power on a British model.
C) He wanted to increase the size of the nation's military forces.
D) He favored an economic agenda based on commerce.

Question 12

How did Thomas Jefferson reduce the size of the federal government during his first term?

A) He purged all Federalists from positions in the central government.
B) He dismantled the army and navy.
C) He eliminated the national debt created by the Federalists.
D) He declared the Sedition Act unconstitutional.

Question 13

In the case of Marbury v. Madison, Chief Justice John Marshall opted to .

A) acknowledge the legitimacy of Marbury's claim, but rule that the law authorizing his suit was unconstitutional, which satisfied no one
B) order that Marbury's commission be delivered, thus asserting the power of the Supreme Court but running the risk that the administration would ignore the order
C) refuse to order that Marbury's commission be delivered, thus appearing to buckle under to the executive branch
D) declare that Marbury was entitled to a commission, but decline to give the order due to a legal technicality, which gave everyone a partial victory

Question 14

How does Jefferson's design for his home Monticello contradict the democratic style associated with his presidency?

A) The design was uniquely American and reflected isolationist policies with other nations.
B) The Federalist design of the home went against his ideas of stronger state governments.
C) The architecture dates back to an age when there were limited scientific achievements.
D) The classical elegance of the home reflected his aristocratic tastes.

Question 15

Aaron Burr was found innocent by the Supreme Court of treason charges because

A) Jefferson failed to appear in court to testify against him
B) Jefferson claimed executive privilege and refused to turn over all documents that could have convicted Burr of treason
C) Chief Justice John Marshall's broad interpretation of the Constitution's treason clause did not support the charges against Burr
D) Burr and Chief Justice Marshall were political allies

Question 16

This pictogram illustrating the population of Thomas Jefferson's Monticello supports the idea that Jefferson .

A) favored the abolition of slavery
B) focused on ideas from the Enlightenment to improve his plantation
C) maintained an aristocratic lifestyle despite his democratic beliefs
D) was a small-scale slave owner

Question 17

The 1800 cartoon Mad Tom in a Rage implies that Thomas Jefferson .

A) supported the English monarchy
B) would undo the Federalist achievements of the Washington and Adams administrations
C) severed his political affiliations with former ally Thomas Paine
D) unified the Republican and Federalist parties

Question 18

What do the artifacts found in the Indian Hall at Monticello imply about Thomas Jefferson's attitude toward American Indians?

A) He saw American Indian culture as superior to American culture.
B) He recognized American Indians to be noble savages who were under his paternalistic control.
C) He believed American Indians were hostile and should be eliminated.
D) He felt that American Indians had no place in American society.

Question 19

What factor led to Jefferson's call to charge his former vice president Aaron Burr with conspiracy and treason?

A) Burr's attempt to assassinate Jefferson
B) Burr's scheme to swindle settlers in the West through land speculation
C) Burr's involvement in leading a slave rebellion in Virginia
D) Burr's plan to organize a private army to conquer Mexico

Question 20

Jefferson used the method of to remove Judge John Pickering and to try to remove Judge Samuel Chase from the Supreme Court.

A) impeachment
B) forced resignation
C) raising criminal charges
D) imprisonment

Question 21

What emotions do this image depicting relations between the United States and Britain after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent convey?

A) nostalgia and melancholia
B) sadness and gloom
C) belligerence and hostility
D) harmony and respect

Question 22

What key message does the cartoon Intercourse or Impartial Dealings express about Jefferson's Embargo Act of 1807?

A) Jefferson successfully negotiated a peace treaty between Britain and France.
B) Neither Britain nor France was intimidated by Jefferson's embargo on their goods.
C) Both Britain and France caved in to this act and agreed to resume trade with the United States.
D) The Embargo Act strengthened the American economy prior to the War of 1812.

Question 23

What was one result of the British attack on Fort McHenry in Baltimore harbor?

A) the burning of the White House by British soldiers
B) the British surrender that finally ended the War of 1812
C) Francis Scott Key's composition of "The Star-Spangled Banner"
D) prevention of American forces from invading Canada

Question 24

Impressment was the British practice of .

A) blockading any port of a nation that supported France
B) kidnapping merchant seamen, including Americans, to serve in their navy
C) carrying on nonmilitary trade with French allies
D) firing on the ships of nations not involved in its war with France

Question 25

The Battle of New Orleans was noteworthy not only because it was a crushing defeat for the British but because it .

A) involved the Spanish in fighting alongside the Americans
B) occurred after the Treaty of Ghent with Britain had been signed
C) forced the British to make unwanted concessions in negotiating peace
D) was catastrophic for the British Navy

Question 26

What is implied by the depiction of the three Federalists in this cartoon ridiculing the Hartford Convention?

A) The men are kneeling, implying that three New England states were about to create a league of Puritan soldiers to fight Britain.
B) The men are at the edge of a cliff, implying that three New England states were on the verge of seceding from the Union.
C) The men are near the seacoast, implying that three New England states were dependent on a maritime economy.
D) The men are speaking out loud, implying that three New England states were holding a possibly treasonous constitutional convention.

Question 27

Macon's Bill No. 2 stated that .

A) whenever Britain or France removed restrictions on neutral trade, America would reinstate sanctions against the other nation
B) economic sanctions were removed on both Britain and France in hopes of resolving their conflict
C) the United States had the right to declare war on either Britain or France whenever American ships were seized by one of them
D) Britain would stop searching and seizing American ships in neutral waters

Question 28

Which of the following events led to a formal alliance between Tecumseh and the British?

A) the arrival of new American settlers into the state of Ohio and Indiana Territory
B) the signing of treaties at Fort Wayne that resulted in large losses of Indian lands
C) the British attack on the Chesapeake
D) William Henry Harrison's attack on the Indian village of Tippecanoe

Question 29

What was one of the main goals of the Hartford Convention?

A) to make it easier to admit new states to the Union
B) to give states in the South the same equality that other states had
C) to plot the secession of the Northeastern states from the Union
D) to strengthen the position of New England within the Union

Question 30

The United States acquired from Spain through the Adams-Onis Treaty, which was negotiated by Secretary of State John Quincy Adams in 1819.

A) Florida
B) the Rocky Mountains
C) the Mississippi Valley
D) most of the Oregon Territory

Question 31

How does this portrait of President James Monroe reveal that he served as a bridge between the political cultures of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries?

A) The ornate chair reflects his eighteenth-century aristocratic background while his mode of dress is typical of the nineteenth-century common man.
B) The Roman column represents the eighteenth-century politics of virtue while the rays of sun promise a bright future for the nineteenth century.
C) His style of dress was eighteenth century in nature while his wigless hairstyle was nineteenth century in style.
D) The United States Capitol building in the background is indicative of eighteenth-century architecture but promotes the political values of the nineteenth century.

Question 32

What was the economic significance of Eli Whitney's cotton gin?

A) Cotton production doubled since it became easier to clean cotton.
B) Slavery declined as field workers were replaced with machinery.
C) New England factory production slowed down since cotton could be converted to textiles in the South.
D) The American economy faltered since most cotton products sent to Britain had high tariffs.

Question 33

President Madison drew most of his support for declaring war on Britain in 1812 from a group of young Republicans known as War Hawks who mostly represented .

A) New England
B) the South and West
C) the mid-Atlantic
D) the lower South

Question 34

How does this cartoon support War Hawks' demand for war against Britain in 1812?

A) It portrays the British as colluding with the Indians against Americans.
B) It declares that Indians had been unjustly deprived of their lands by white settlers.
C) It depicts the fertile lands the United States could claim through victory.
D) It expresses frustration with British domination of the fur trade.

Question 35

The beginning of the Monroe presidency became known as an "Era of Good Feelings" because .

A) the presidency was once again held by a Federalist
B) there had been a shift away from partisan antagonism
C) conflicts over slavery and with the Indians had been resolved
D) the Federalist agenda had been abandoned entirely

Question 36

The Chesapeake Affair occurred in 1807 when the .

A) British hanged four American sailors accused of deserting their navy
B) American ship Chesapeake fired on the British warship Leopard
C) American government placed an embargo on British and French trade
D) British warship Leopard fired on the Chesapeake and abducted four of its sailors

Question 37

The Monroe Doctrine warned European powers to .

A) not invade the United States
B) stay out of the affairs of the former Spanish colonies in Latin America
C) stop declaring war against each other
D) halt its seizures of American ships in neutral waters

Question 38

The presidential election of 1808 resulted in a victory for .

A) John Quincy Adams
B) Charles Pinckney
C) James Madison
D) James Monroe

Question 39

The map showing battles and troop movements during the War of 1812 indicates that most of the major battles were fought in order to .

A) control Canada
B) secure the mouth of the Mississippi River
C) capture the American government in Washington, D. C.
D) break up the British blockade along the Atlantic seacoast

Question 40

The political cartoon Columbia Teaches John Bull His New Lesson shows that by 1812 the United States was .

A) allied with Britain in a naval war against France
B) involved in a formally declared war with both Britain and France
C) restoring friendly diplomatic relations with both Britain and France
D) at war with Britain for the second time in less than half a century

Question 41

Who created the Missouri Compromise, which averted a constitutional crisis over slavery in 1820?

A) Henry Clay
B) James Monroe
C) John Quincy Adams
D) John C. Calhoun

Question 42

What does this page from the published trial records in Charleston indicate about the Denmark Vesey uprising?

A) The rebellion was a failure and resulted in the execution of Vesey and his followers.
B) Owners of the rebelling slaves were not compensated for the loss of their property.
C) Vesey and his followers were responsible for the liberation of many slaves in Charleston.
D) The suppression of the rebellion resolved the differences between abolitionists and slave owners.

Question 43

The map indicates that the agreement reached by Congress through the Missouri Compromise .

A) made the entire Louisiana Purchase slave territory
B) outlawed slavery in the states of the former Northwest Territory
C) admitted Missouri as a slave state but forbade slavery in any future state
D) allowed slavery south of 36° 30 latitude in the Louisiana Territory but banned slavery in areas north of that line except for Missouri

Question 44

In Samuel Morse's painting The Old House of Representatives, what object symbolizes American technological progress?

A) the elaborate dome
B) the Roman columns
C) the illuminated chandelier
D) the multicolored stones found in each column

Question 45

In 1792, James Madison wrote that in "every political society, parties are unavoidable." How does the crisis that followed the application of Missouri for statehood relate to this statement?

A) It shows that Madison understood that the institution of slavery would be at the core of the nation's greatest conflict.
B) It proves the statement false, because a compromise was easily worked out.
C) The statement is irrelevant, because parties were not involved in the crisis.
D) It demonstrates the truth of the statement, because new factions emerged in response to the crisis.

Question 46

This image of Samuel Slater's mill illustrates that early factories in New England used for spinning cotton .

A) were large imposing structures
B) depended on water power
C) greatly transformed the surrounding landscape
D) relied on slave labor

Question 47

What role did the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church play in the Denmark Vesey Uprising?

A) The AME Church tried to intervene and convince Vesey to give up his insurrection.
B) Vesey supposedly held meetings at the church to recruit others to rebel against the white population in Charleston.
C) The church provided Vesey and his followers magic charms to protect themselves from harm during the rebellion.
D) Vesey and other rebels found safe places to hide in the church during the most violent part of the rebellion.

Question 48

What was the major cause of the Panic of 1819?

A) the collapse of the Second Bank of the United States
B) the failure of Alexander Hamilton's economic policies
C) land speculation in the West
D) a fall in the price of cotton and other agricultural products

Question 49

Why did Thomas Jefferson compare the Missouri Compromise to "a fire bell in the night"?

A) He believed that the issue of slavery in the United States had finally been resolved.
B) He was encompassed by a burning rage toward the pro-slavery movement in America.
C) He feared that slavery threatened the future of the nation.
D) He thought that Congress placed too much emphasis on slavery when it should address more pending issues.

Question 50

The major outcome of the decisions made by Chief Justice John Marshall in cases such as
McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden was that the Supreme Court .

A) gave the states more power than the federal government
B) refrained from taking on cases dealing with taxation and the economy
C) relied on strict construction of the Constitution to reach decisions
D) strengthened the powers of the federal government