Deck 16: Heart

Question 1

Referring to the ECG,the QRS complex represents

A) ventricular contraction.
B) ventricular repolarization.
C) ventricular relaxation.
D) ventricular depolarization.

Answer 1

ventricular depolarization.

Question 2

Chordae tendineae are not associated with this valve.

A) aortic
B) mitral
C) tricuspid
D) bicuspid

Answer 2

aortic

Question 3

This structure connects the cusps of the AV valves to the ventricles.

A) Purkinje fibers
B) AV node
C) bundle of His
D) chordae tendineae

Answer 3

chordae tendineae

Question 4

Referring to the ECG,the P wave represents

A) atrial contraction.
B) ventricular relaxation.
C) atrial depolarization.
D) atrial repolarization.

Question 5

Vessel(s)that carry(ies)blood from the pulmonary capillaries to the left atrium.

A) aorta
B) pulmonary artery
C) pulmonary veins
D) vena cava

Question 6

Which of the following supplies oxygenated blood to the heart muscle?

A) coronary arteries
B) pulmonary artery
C) pulmonary veins
D) cardiac veins

Question 7

With which of the following is "lubb-dupp" associated?

A) myocardial contraction
B) ventricular depolarization
C) closing of heart valves
D) diffusion of O2 from the lungs to the blood in the pulmonary capillaries

Question 8

This is the hardest working cardiac chamber and therefore has the thickest myocardium.

A) right atrium
B) right ventricle
C) left atrium
D) left ventricle

Question 9

Which of the following is least related to the mitral valve?

A) left heart
B) bicuspid
C) semilunar
D) chordae tendineae

Question 10

All of the following are electrical terms except

A) sarcomere.
B) depolarization.
C) action potential.
D) repolarization.

Question 11

The aorta receives blood from the

A) right ventricle.
B) pulmonary veins.
C) pulmonary artery.
D) left ventricle.

Question 12

This sling-like structure supports the heart.

A) pericardium
B) chordae tendineae
C) myocardium
D) endocardium

Question 13

This layer of the heart allows it to act as a pump.

A) epicardium
B) myocardium
C) pericardium
D) endocardium

Question 14

Which of the following structures "sees" unoxygenated blood?

A) aorta
B) left ventricle
C) pulmonary artery
D) pulmonary veins

Question 15

These conducting fibers rapidly spread the electrical signal throughout the ventricles.

A) bundle of His
B) Purkinje fibers
C) SA node
D) AV node

Question 16

Where does the cardiac action potential (cardiac impulse)normally originate?

A) AV node
B) Purkinje fibers
C) ectopic focus
D) SA node

Question 17

The pacemaker of the heart is located in the upper wall of the

A) right atrium.
B) right ventricle.
C) left atrium.
D) left ventricle.

Question 18

The right ventricle pumps blood to the

A) right atrium.
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B) left veins.
C) pulmonary artery.
D) aorta.

Question 19

Which of the following "sees" oxygenated blood?

A) vena cava
B) pulmonary veins
C) right atrium
D) pulmonic valve

Question 20

Blood flows from the right atrium through this atrioventricular valve to the right ventricle.

A) bicuspid
B) mitral
C) pulmonic
D) tricuspid

Question 21

Which of the following is a result of ventricular contraction?

A) The AV valves open.
B) The semilunar valves close.
C) Blood is pumped into the pulmonary artery and the aorta.
D) Blood flows back into the atria.

Question 22

Which cavity first receives unoxygenated blood from the vena cava?

A) right ventricle
B) left atrium
C) left ventricle
D) right atrium

Question 23

Which layer of the heart has actin,myosin,and intercalated discs?

A) myocardium
B) endocardium
C) epicardium
D) pericardium

Question 24

Which of the following is not true of the heart?

A) The heart is located within the mediastinum.
B) The apex is located left of the sternal midline at the level of the fifth intercostal space.
C) The base of the heart is located at the level of the second rib.
D) The pericardium is composed of actin and myosin.

Question 25

Which of the following must precede ventricular contraction?

A) ventricular relaxation
B) "lubb-dupp"
C) ventricular depolarization
D) closing of the AV valves

Question 26

Complete the sequence: blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery to the

A) pulmonary veins.
B) coronary arteries.
C) pulmonary capillaries.
D) vena cava.

Question 27

The mitral and the bicuspid valves

A) are semilunar valves.
B) are both located on the right side of the heart.
C) "see" only unoxygenated blood.
D) are the same valves.

Question 28

What event causes the pulmonic valve to open?

A) the P wave
B) an increase in the pressure within the right ventricle
C) "lubb-dupp"
D) contraction of the chordae tendineae

Question 29

The Purkinje fibers

A) open valves.
B) pull on the cusps of the valves.
C) conduct electrical signals throughout the ventricles.
D) close valves.

Question 30

The purpose of this structure is to momentarily delay the spread of the signal from the atrium to the ventricles.

A) SA node
B) Purkinje fibers
C) bundle of His
D) AV node

Question 31

The pericardium is a part of the

A) myocardium.
B) diaphragm.
C) epicardium.
D) endocardium.

Question 32

The atrioventricular node (AV node)

A) is the pacemaker of the heart.
B) is located in the upper part of the right atrium.
C) has a rate that is normally faster than the SA node.
D) delays the electrical signal coming from the atria into the ventricles.

Question 33

What are ventricles "doing" during atrial contraction?

A) pumping blood into the great vessels
B) closing their AV valves
C) relaxing
D) opening their semilunar valves

Question 34

Under what condition is blood most likely to flow "backward" (e.g.,from the left ventricle back into the left atrium)?

A) pulmonary artery hypertension
B) left ventricular hypertrophy
C) an insufficient mitral valve
D) pulmonary edema

Question 35

Which of the following semilunar valves "sees" oxygenated blood?

A) mitral
B) bicuspid
C) aortic
D) pulmonic

Question 36

The pulmonic and aortic valves

A) are atrioventricular valves.
B) "see" only oxygenated blood.
C) are attached to the ventricular walls by chordae tendineae.
D) are semilunar valves.

Question 37

Which of the following is an electrical event?

A) "lubb-dupp"
B) actin and myosin interaction
C) murmur
D) depolarization

Question 38

Complete the sequence: blood flows from the pulmonary capillaries to the pulmonary veins to the left atrium to the left ventricle to the

A) vena cava.
B) pulmonary artery.
C) aorta.
D) circle of Willis.

Question 39

What is the name of the valve that prevents backflow of blood into the right atrium when the right ventricle contracts?

A) mitral valve
B) pulmonic valve
C) semilunar valve
D) tricuspid valve

Question 40

What is the cause of the heart sounds "lubb-dupp"?

A) closing of the heart valves
B) flow of blood through the coronary arteries
C) the electrical signal as it moves through the AV node
D) the firing of the autonomic nerves to the SA node

Question 41

Which of the following is least descriptive of the myocardium?

A) cardiac muscle,composed of actin and myosin arranged in sarcomeres
B) thicker in the ventricles than the atria
C) thicker in the left ventricle than the right ventricle
D) thicker in the left atrium than the right ventricle

Question 42

A hole in the interventricular septum causes

A) a right-to-left shunt.
B) extreme cyanosis.
C) blood to shunt from the left ventricle to the right ventricle.
D) blood to shunt from the left ventricle to the pulmonary artery.

Question 43

Which group is incorrect?

A) atrioventricular valves:tricuspid,bicuspid,mitral
B) layers of the heart:epicardium,myocardium,endocardium
C) abnormal heart rates:tachycardia,bradycardia
D) parts of the conduction system:SA node,AV node,bundle of His,Purkinje fibers,medulla oblongata

Question 44

An accumulation of excess fluid in the pericardial space

A) causes external compression of the heart.
B) depresses the SA node,thereby eliminating pacemaker activity.
C) causes valvular stenosis.
D) causes a left-to-right shunt.

Question 45

Which of the following is least true of the aortic valve?

A) It is also called the left semilunar valve.
B) It "sees" oxygenated blood.
C) Blood flows from the ventricle through this valve into the pulmonary artery.
D) An incompetent aortic valve allows blood to leak from the aorta back into the left ventricle.

Question 46

Which group is incorrect?

A) semilunar valves:pulmonic,aortic
B) structures that carry oxygenated blood:pulmonary veins,left ventricle,aorta
C) layers of the heart:epicardium,myocardium,endocardium
D) abnormal heart rates:tachycardia,bradycardia,normal sinus rhythm

Question 47

Which structure "sees" oxygenated blood?

A) tricuspid valve
B) pulmonary artery
C) pulmonary veins
D) right semilunar valve

Question 48

Which of the following is a function of a valve?

A) regulates the direction of the flow of blood through the heart
B) regulates the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin
C) regulates heart rate
D) directs the movement of the cardiac impulse

Question 49

Which of the following is true of the structures of the electrical conduction system?

A) The AV valve is the pacemaker.
B) In normal sinus rhythm,the electrical signal arises within the SA node.
C) The His-Purkinje system spreads the electrical system from the right atrium to the left atrium.
D) The purpose of the AV node is to increase the speed at which the cardiac impulse moves from the atria to the ventricles.

Question 50

Which group is incorrect?

A) semilunar valves:pulmonic,aortic
B) atrioventricular valves:tricuspid,bicuspid,mitral
C) structures that carry oxygenated blood:pulmonary veins,left ventricle,aorta
D) structures that carry unoxygenated blood:right ventricle,venae cavae,pulmonary veins