Deck 9: Digestion, Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion

Question 1

When describing gut failure, which of the following would the nurse include as a possible cause?
1) Poor food intake
2) Pregnancy
3) Slow weight gain
4) Absorption

Answer 1

1

Question 2

Which of the following interventions would the nurse be least likely to include in the plan of care for a client with dysphagia?
1) Encouraging the client to lie on his back
2) Limiting bites to one-half tablespoon
3) Working with a speech therapist
4) Thickening all liquids with a commercial thickener

Answer 2

1

Question 3

A client with lactose intolerance is discussing diet with the nurse. The nurse determines that the client needs additional teaching when he identifies which type of cheese as low in lactose?
1) Parmesan
2) Ricotta
3) Swiss
4) Cheddar

Answer 3

2

Question 4

When teaching a client with celiac disease about diet, which of the following would the nurse include as appropriate for consumption?
1) Corn flakes and skim milk
2) Canned tomato soup and saltines
3) Country-fried steak and French-fried cauliflower
4) Commercial ice cream and bakery sugar cookies

Question 5

The sum of the processes through which the body uses food for energy, growth, maintenance, and regulation of body processes is:
1) Digestion
2) Metabolism
3) Nutrition
4) Excretion

Question 6

Diseases of which of the following would have the greatest effect on absorption of nutrients?
1) Gallbladder
2) Large intestine
3) Small intestine
4) Stomach

Question 7

The process of breaking down foods into simpler substances by way of physical means and chemicals is called:
1) Absorption
2) Digestion
3) Excretion
4) Ingestion

Question 8

One function of hydrochloric acid is to activate:
1) Amylase
2) Bile
3) Lipase
4) Pepsin

Question 9

The enzyme present in saliva is:
1) Pepsin to begin the digestion of starch
2) Lactase to digest milk sugar
3) Maltase to catalyze the maltose to glucose
4) Amylase to begin changing starch to sugar

Question 10

Which of the following contributes to protein digestion?
1) Amylase and maltase
2) Bile and lipase
3) Pepsin and trypsin
4) Secretin and lactase

Question 11

Which of the following food items would the nurse recommend to a person who has lactose intolerance?
1) Chicken-fried steak, French-fried cauliflower, and caramel sundae
2) Cream of tomato soup, grilled cheese sandwich, and cookie dough ice cream
3) Deep-fried fish, buttered broccoli, and pineapple sherbet
4) Grilled chicken breast, steamed asparagus, and angel food cake

Question 12

Fats are absorbed as fatty acids and ______.
1) Glycerol
2) Monosaccharides
3) Peptides
4) Triglycerides

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of medium-chain triglycerides?
1) They are fat soluble.
2) They require bile for digestion.
3) They require pancreatic lipase for digestion.
4) They are absorbed from the stomach directly into the bloodstream.

Question 14

When protein consumption exceeds body needs, the excess energy derived from it is:
1) Excreted in the feces
2) Saved as amino acids in the muscle
3) Stored as fat
4) Completely eliminated in the urine

Question 15

The breaking down of nutrients by enzyme action is:
1) Anabolism
2) Chemical digestion
3) Mechanical digestion
4) Metabolism

Question 16

Which body organ concentrates and stores bile?
1) Liver
2) Gallbladder
3) Pancreas
4) Kidney

Question 17

The teeth and the stomach contribute mainly to:
1) Enzyme secretion
2) Hydrolysis
3) Chemical digestion
4) Mechanical digestion

Question 18

Which of the following data would indicate the client is in an anabolic state?
1) Weight loss of 2 lb/week
2) Negative nitrogen balance
3) Declining position on a growth chart
4) Healing of a pressure ulcer

Question 19

Which of the following refers to sensitivity to a food that does not cause a reaction in most people?
1) Food allergy
2) Steatorrhea
3) Sprue
4) Celiac disease

Question 20

A client is diagnosed with fat malabsorption. Which of the following would the nurse expect?
1) Urinary tract infections
2) Allergies
3) Steatorrhea
4) Nontropical sprue

Question 21

In addition to energy nutrients, catabolic processes require other agents. Which of the following would least likely be involved?
1) Enzymes
2) Coenzymes
3) Hormones
4) Carbon dioxide

Question 22

Which of the following would not be produced from the breakdown of fuel-producing nutrients?
1) Carbon dioxide
2) Water
3) Heat
4) Muscle tissue