Deck 16: Foreign Policy

Question 1

American foreign policy has been shaped by the two contradictory principles of and .

A) the Monroe Doctrine; Mutually Assured Destruction
B) deterrence; neutrality
C) interventionism; détente
D) war; peace
E) moral idealism; political realism

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The was created after World War II to coordinate American intelligence activities abroad.

A) National Security Council
B) The Joint Chiefs of Staff
C) Department of State
D) Central Intelligence Agency
E) Department of Homeland Security

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The power to declare war belongs to

A) the president.
B) Congress.
C) the president and Congress under a joint resolution.
D) the National Security Council.
E) the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The is the principal executive department that establishes and carries out defense policy and protects our national security.

A) Department of Defense
B) Central Intelligence Agency
C) Department of State
D) National Security Council
E) Executive Office of the President

Question 5

Political realists believe that

A) the most important goal of foreign policy is to do what is right.
B) it is possible for nations to relate to each other as part of a rule-based community.
C) the United States is special and should provide an example for the rest of the world to follow.
D) foreign policy must be based on protecting national security.
E) foreign policy is removed from everyday life and should not be a major concern of government leaders.

Question 6

The National Security Council (NSC) was established in .

A) 1918
B) 1947
C) 1964
D) 1973
E) 2001

Question 7

The War Powers Resolution

A) grants to the president the power to declare war.
B) limits the role of Congress in formally declaring war.
C) grants unlimited power to the president to send troops into other nations.
D) limits the president's use of troops in military action without congressional approval.
E) limits the president's use of troops in military action without the approval of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

Question 8

The is, in principle, the government agency most directly involved in foreign policy.

A) Department of Defense
B) Central Intelligence Agency
C) Department of State
D) Department of Homeland Security
E) National Security Council

Question 9

The director of the National Security Council is the

A) national security adviser.
B) vice president.
C) secretary of state.
D) chairperson of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
E) secretary of defense.

Question 10

Some argue that Russia's future as a world power looks dim due to

A) its declining natural gas reserves.
B) its declining population.
C) its weak oil reserves.
D) Vladimir Putin's poor human rights record.
E) political instability.

Question 11

The nation's founders and the early presidents believed that a policy of was the best way to protect American interests.

A) aggression
B) containment
C) interventionism
D) isolationism
E) moral idealism

Question 12

Russia has temporarily cut off natural gas supplies to all of the following countries EXCEPT

A) Belarus.
B) Germany.
C) the Czech Republic.
D) Georgia.
E) Lithuania.

Question 13

As , the president oversees the military and guides defense policies.

A) head of state
B) chief executive
C) commander in chief
D) chief diplomat
E) chief legislator

Question 14

The protection of the independence and political integrity of the nation is known as .

A) moral idealism
B) war powers
C) national security
D) détente
E) foreign policy

Question 15

All of the following are part of the Joint Chiefs of Staff EXCEPT

A) the Army Chief of Staff.
B) the Air Force Chief of Staff.
C) the Chief of Naval Operations.
D) the Secretary of Defense.
E) the Commandant of the Marine Corps.

Question 16

The provides the president and presidential advisers with up-to-date information about the political, military, and economic activities of foreign governments.

A) National Security Council
B) Department of State
C) Department of Homeland Security
D) Central Intelligence Agency
E) Joint Chiefs of Staff

Question 17

Russia is the world's largest exporter of .

A) petroleum
B) crude oil
C) coal
D) uranium
E) natural gas

Question 18

The secretaries of and concern themselves with foreign policy matters on a full-time basis.

A) agriculture; defense
B) commerce; state
C) state; defense
D) treasury; defense
E) treasury; energy

Question 19

includes all of the economic, military, commercial, and diplomatic positions and actions that a nation takes in its relationships with other countries.

A) Foreign policy
B) Collective security
C) Containment
D) Domestic policy
E) Interventionism

Question 20

is the belief that the most important goal in foreign policy is to do what is right.

A) Détente
B) Political realism
C) Moral idealism
D) Isolationism
E) Deterrence

Question 21

The Monroe Doctrine buttressed the policy of isolationism toward .

A) Europe
B) Africa
C) Latin America
D) Asia
E) Russia

Question 22

Woodrow Wilson was our most famous presidential advocate of

A) moral idealism.
B) détente.
C) mutually assured destruction.
D) antiterrorism.
E) nuclear proliferation.

Question 23

Actions taken under the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan marked the beginning of a policy of

A) interventionism.
B) deterrence.
C) neutrality.
D) containment.
E) mutually assured destruction.

Question 24

When World War I broke out, President Woodrow Wilson initially proclaimed a policy of .

A) interventionism
B) containment
C) collective security
D) mutually assured destruction
E) neutrality

Question 25

The first true step the United States took toward interventionism occurred with

A) the Spanish-American War of 1898.
B) the war in Korea in 1950.
C) World War I.
D) the Cold War.
E) the war in Afghanistan.

Question 26

After World War I ended, the United States returned to a policy of isolationism. That policy ended

A) when the United States became involved in Vietnam.
B) when the Cold War began.
C) with the Cuban missile crisis.
D) when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor.
E) with the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001.

Question 27

Woodrow Wilson called World War I a way to

A) "drop the iron curtain."
B) "make the world safe for democracy."
C) "protect the world from evil."
D) "establish the supremacy of the United States in the world."
E) "bring liberty and justice to all."

Question 28

In his Farewell Address in 1797, urged Americans to "steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world."

A) George Washington
B) Thomas Jefferson
C) James Monroe
D) James Madison
E) John Quincy Adams

Question 29

The United States fought the Spanish-American War of 1898 to free Cuba from Spanish rule. Spain lost and subsequently ceded control of several of its possessions, including Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines, to .

A) Cuba
B) Portugal
C) Mexico
D) the United States
E) Britain

Question 30

Direct involvement by one country in another country's affairs is defined as .

A) containment
B) mutually assured destruction
C) interventionism
D) political realism
E) détente

Question 31

To make the policy of containment effective, the United States initiated a program of involving the formation of mutual defense alliances with other nations.

A) interventionism
B) deterrence
C) neutrality
D) collective security
E) mutually assured destruction

Question 32

As a result of the Spanish-American War of 1898,

A) the United States acquired a colonial empire and was acknowledged as a world power.
B) Puerto Rico became an independent country.
C) the Philippines became an independent country.
D) Guam became an independent country.
E) President Theodore Roosevelt declared that the United States was prohibited from invading Latin American countries, even when it might be necessary to guarantee political stability.

Question 33

Under the terms of the alliance known as NATO (the North Atlantic Treaty Organization), an attack on any member of the alliance

A) automatically results in trade embargoes.
B) would be considered an attack against all members.
C) provokes a nuclear response.
D) triggers the implementation of the Oslo Accords.
E) results in détente.

Question 34

The policy of the Monroe Doctrine was that the United States would not tolerate foreign intervention in , and in return, the United States would stay out of European affairs.

A) Vietnam
B) the Western Hemisphere
C) the Eastern Hemisphere
D) the Philippines or Turkey
E) Israel

Question 35

One of the most significant foreign policy actions during World War II was the dropping of atomic bombs on two cities in .

A) Germany
B) China
C) Italy
D) Japan
E) the Soviet Union

Question 36

The Marshall Plan

A) was a policy of building up military strength for the purpose of discouraging military attacks by other nations.
B) focused on the formation of mutual defense alliances with other nations.
C) put in place a program of mutually assured destruction.
D) was directed towards negotiating treaties to limit the number of antiballistic missiles that the United States and the Soviet Union could develop.
E) was a policy of U.S. economic assistance to European nations following World War II to help those nations recover from the war.

Question 37

The proclamation of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823 was most clearly a statement of

A) interventionism in European affairs.
B) containment in the Western Hemisphere.
C) isolationism toward Europe.
D) collective security among the U.S. and Latin American allies.
E) mutually assured destruction.

Question 38

was a policy of the United States to support "free peoples who are resisting subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures."

A) The Truman Doctrine
B) The Monroe Doctrine
C) Washingtonian Isolationism
D) The Marshall Plan
E) Wilsonian Interventionism

Question 39

The United States did not enter World War I until 1917, after

A) U.S. ships in international waters were attacked by German submarines that were blockading Britain.
B) U.S. ships in international waters were attacked by Japanese submarines that were blockading Britain.
C) Russia invaded Germany.
D) Japan invaded France.
E) Italy attacked Austria-Hungary.

Question 40

The phrase "iron curtain" was first used to describe the Soviet Bloc by in 1946.

A) George Marshall
B) Woodrow Wilson
C) Harry Truman
D) Franklin Delano Roosevelt
E) Winston Churchill

Question 41

The theory of came out of the policy of deterrence. It held that if the forces of two nations were equally capable of destroying each other, neither nation would take a chance on war.

A) collective security
B) isolationism
C) containment
D) mutually assured destruction
E) détente

Question 42

The word détente means

A) "war is evil."
B) "relaxation of tensions."
C) "terrorism."
D) "destruction."
E) "free world."

Question 43

The arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War was supported by a policy of _____.

A) neutrality
B) isolationism
C) deterrence
D) interventionism
E) moral idealism

Question 44

By the end of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) no longer existed.

A) 1949
B) 1963
C) 1972
D) 1983
E) 1991

Question 45

By 2006, the had regrouped and were waging a war of insurgency against the new government in Afghanistan.

A) Sunnis
B) Palestinian refugees
C) Taliban
D) Shiite radicals
E) Kurds

Question 46

This event marked the beginning of a period of US-Soviet relations known as détente.

A) Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)
B) Strategic Defense Initiative (1983)
C) Anti Ballistic Missile proposal and negotiations (late 1960s)
D) Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (1972)
E) The destruction of the Berlin Wall (1989)

Question 47

Egypt and Israel signed a peace treaty in .

A) 1978
B) 1979
C) 1980
D) 1994
E) 2003

Question 48

By 1949, almost all illusions of friendship between the Soviet Union and the Western allies had disappeared. The tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States became known as the

A) Trojan War.
B) War to end War.
C) War of the Worlds.
D) Great War.
E) Cold War.

Question 49

In 2003, United States and British forces attacked the nation of .

A) Afghanistan
B) Iraq
C) North Korea
D) Iran
E) Syria

Question 50

In 1962, the United States came close to a nuclear confrontation in what became known as

A) "Star Wars."
B) the Cuban missile crisis.
C) SALT I.
D) the Guantanamo invasion.
E) the Bay of Pigs.

Question 51

The use of staged violence, often against civilians, to achieve political goals, is known as

A) deterrence.
B) a strategy of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD).
C) terrorism.
D) interventionism.
E) a Cold War.

Question 52

The United Nations did not support the use of military force in Iraq because of opposition by

A) China, France, and Russia.
B) Germany, the United Kingdom, and Canada.
C) France, Spain, and Germany.
D) China, Russia, and Iran.
E) Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Syria.

Question 53

U.S. troops are scheduled to withdraw from Afghanistan in .

A) 2014
B) 2015
C) 2016
D) 2020
E) 2025

Question 54

In 2011, U.S. Navy Seals killed Osama bin Laden in Abbottabad, a city in .

A) Pakistan
B) Iraq
C) Iran
D) Afghanistan
E) Saudi Arabia

Question 55

For many years after Israel was founded in 1948,

A) the Taliban was in control of the Holy Land.
B) Saddam Hussein ruled the country as a dictator.
C) it lived in peace with its neighbors in the Middle East.
D) the neighboring Arab states did not accept its legitimacy as a nation.
E) the only peace treaty that it was able to negotiate was one with Syria.

Question 56

In late 2001, supported by a coalition of allies, the U.S. military attacked al Qaeda camps in .

A) Afghanistan
B) Iraq
C) Saudi Arabia
D) Iran
E) Pakistan

Question 57

is a policy of building up military strength for the purpose of discouraging military attacks by other nations.

A) Containment
B) Détente
C) Deterrence
D) Interventionism
E) Terrorism

Question 58

In the post-Cold War era, no overriding framework for U.S. foreign policy emerged until

A) the attempted coup against Russian president Boris Yeltsin in 1991.
B) the dismantling of the Berlin Wall in 1989.
C) the war in Iraq in 2003.
D) the first Gulf War in 2001.
E) the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States.

Question 59

The September 2013 Westgate Shopping Mall attack in Kenya was perpetrated by

A) an al-Qaeda affiliate based in Somalia called Shabab.
B) a Kenyan-based group that broke away from al-Qaeda.
C) al­Qaeda's affiliate based in Yemen.
D) a group known as the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS).
E) the Jabhat al-Nusra (JAN), based in Syria.

Question 60

The phrase "weapons of mass destruction" refers to

A) armored divisions and tank battalions.
B) improvised explosive devices (IEDs).
C) chemical, biological, or nuclear weapons.
D) amphibious assault vehicles.
E) landmines and cluster munitions.

Question 61

After the 1967 war, the West Bank of the Jordan River and the Gaza Strip fell under the control of

A) Israel.
B) Egypt.
C) Lebanon.
D) Jordan.
E) the Palestinian Authority.

Question 62

Founded in the late 1960s, was a nonstate body committed to armed struggle against Israel.

A) al Qaeda
B) the Taliban
C) the Palestine Liberation Organization
D) Shabab
E) Jabhat al-Nusrah

Question 63

In 1998, and detonated nuclear devices within a few weeks of each other, taking U.S intelligence agencies by surprise.

A) the Palestinian Authority; the Palestine Liberation Organization
B) Egypt; Israel
C) India; Pakistan
D) Afghanistan; Iraq
E) North Korea; Iran

Question 64

U.S. relations with Iran have been hostile ever since

A) Iran tested a ballistic missile.
B) Iran built uranium enrichment plants.
C) the Iranian Revolution.
D) Arab leaders urged the United States to destroy Iranian nuclear reactors.
E) the 1979 hostage crisis.

Question 65

The major problem facing countries in the euro zone is that the

A) euro zone has limited powers.
B) euro is an unstable currency..
C) euro makes German exports too expensive.
D) United States has no stake in the euro's future.
E) euro is priced too high for the poorer euro zone countries.

Question 66

is the one power that has been able to use economic leverage to lead North Korea to the bargaining table about nuclear weapons.

A) The United States
B) South Korea
C) Russia
D) China
E) Japan

Question 67

Today, concerns about nuclear proliferation are centered on

A) Britain, France, and Germany.
B) China.
C) Iraq and Syria.
D) Japan.
E) North Korea and Iran.

Question 68

The Oslo Accords, the first agreement between Israel and , were signed in 1993.

A) the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)
B) Egypt
C) Lebanon
D) Jordan
E) Syria

Question 69

U.S. policymakers are concerned about China's desire to take control of , which has functioned as an independent state since 1949.

A) North Korea
B) Taiwan
C) Mongolia
D) Tibet
E) South Korea

Question 70

The U.S. government granted China permanent (NTR) status in 2000.

A) normal trade relations
B) national trade reservation
C) no trade remediation
D) no tariff receipt
E) normal trade recommendation