Deck 13: Overview of Cancer Care

Question 1

The nurse provides education to a patient who is diagnosed with breast cancer and asks about sites of metastases. Which is the best response by the nurse?
1)"Your type of cancer rarely spreads outside the chest."
2)"Your type of cancer may spread to the skin."
3)"Your type of cancer may spread to the bones."
4)"Your type of cancer may spread to the stomach."

Answer 1

3

Question 2

The nurse provides care to a patient who is newly diagnosed with bladder cancer. Which assessment data collected by the nurse support this diagnosis?
1)Anorexia
2)Constipation
3)Hematuria
4)Upper abdominal cramping

Answer 2

3

Question 3

In preparing an educational session on the benefits of smoking cessation, the nurse includes that the risk of lung cancer decreases by which percentage by quitting smoking and avoiding tobacco?
1)10% to 30%
2)20% to 40%
3)30% to 50%
4)40% to 60%

Answer 3

3

Question 4

The nurse is caring for a patient with leukemia who is experiencing neutropenia as a result of chemotherapy. Which action should the nurse include in the plan of care for this patient?
1)Restricting fluid intake
2)Replacing hand hygiene with gloves
3)Restricting visitors with communicable illnesses
4)Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter to prevent skin breakdown

Question 5

Which statement by a patient who was recently diagnosed with cancer indicates an understanding of the pathogenesis of cancer?
1)"My cancer is probably caused by a disorder of my immune system."
2)"My cancer is probably caused by a disorder of my endocrine system."
3)"My cancer is probably caused by a disorder on my gastrointestinal system."
4)"My cancer is probably caused by a disorder in my hematological system."

Question 6

The nurse has completed a seminar teaching a group in the community about ways to reduce cancer risks. The nurse returns a month later to evaluate the effectiveness of the seminar. Which statements made by members of the group indicate understanding of the material presented by the nurse to reduce the risk of developing cancer?
1)"I apply sunscreen when I am going to be outside."
2)"I have reduced my intake of fiber."
3)"I have increased the amount of lean red meat in my diet."
4)"I began drinking two glasses of red wine a day with dinner."

Question 7

A patient being treated for cancer has a tumor designation of Stage IV, T4, N3, M
1) What does this staging indicate to the nurse?
1)The tumor is small in size.
2)There is one single tumor to treat.
3)The tumor will respond to chemotherapy.
4)The tumor has metastasized with lymph node involvement.

Question 8

The nurse is caring for a 45-year-old female patient with a strong family history of breast cancer. What does the nurse teach the patient regarding cancer prevention?
1)Have an annual clinical breast examination.
2)Have an annual clinical breast examination every 3 years.
3)Have a mammogram every 3 years.
4)Have a mammogram every 5 years.

Question 9

Which patient statement indicates to the nurse the need to provide additional information related to measures that prevent cancer development?
1)"I will take a walk each day."
2)"I will wear sunscreen each day."
3)"I will limit my intake of alcohol."
4)"I will increase my intake of red meat."

Question 10

The nurse prioritizes which nursing diagnosis for the patient who develops Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) secondary to lung cancer?
1)Altered Nutrition; Less than Body Requirements
2)Fluid Volume Excess
3)Impaired Skin Integrity
4)Ineffective Breathing Pattern

Question 11

During a treatment meeting on an oncology unit, the nurse learns that a patient is scheduled for chemotherapy before surgery. What are the purposes for this patient to receive chemotherapy at this specific time?
1)Shrink the tumor
2)Improve wound healing
3)Eradicate all cancer cells
4)Allow the immune system to kill cancer cells

Question 12

The nurse is caring for a patient who has developed a pericardial effusion secondary to lymphoma and recognizes that this patient requires which emergency medical treatment?
1)Biopsy
2)Bronchoscopy
3)Fine needle aspiration
4)Pericardiocentesis

Question 13

Which statement by the patient scheduled for low-dose brachytherapy for prostate cancer indicates that patient teaching was effective?
1)"I will have to be isolated from my family for at least a week."
2)"This therapy provides the radioactive substance through an injection."
3)"I will have to have general anesthesia for the procedure."
4)"This procedure involves an external beam of radiation to my prostate."

Question 14

In providing care to a patient recently diagnosed with cancer that was designated as Stage III T3, N2, M1, which statement by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?
1)"I am relieved that the cancer is still local."
2)"I know that the tumor must be relatively large."
3)"It looks like the cancer has spread."
4)"I understand that the N3 means that the cancer is in my lymph nodes."

Question 15

The nurse recognizes that one primary difference between normal and cancer cells is related to regulated cell death that normal cells undergo as part of the regular cell cycle. What is the term for this change in cellular function?
1)Anaplasia
2)Anchorage dependence
3)Apoptosis
4)Contact inhibition

Question 16

A patient is receiving chemotherapy for the treatment of leukemia. While providing care for this patient, which clinical manifestations would indicate tumor lysis syndrome?
1)Thrombocytopenia
2)Respiratory distress
3)Upper-extremity edema
4)Cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 17

The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestation in the patient with tumor lysis syndrome?
1)Diarrhea
2)Fluid overload
3)Muscle weakness
4)Paresthesia of the fingertips

Question 18

The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestation in the patient diagnosed with superior vena cava syndrome?
1)Decreased skin turgor
2)Dyspnea
3)Dysphagia
4)Increased urine output

Question 19

In screening patients for breast cancer, the nurse correlates which patient as being at highest risk for this type of cancer?
1)35-year-old Caucasian female
2)40-year-old African American female
3)45-year-old Caucasian female
4)50-year-old African American female

Question 20

In preparing an educational program about cancer prevention, the nurse educator includes which information regarding primary prevention?
1)Cancer screening
2)Chemoprevention
3)Family history of cancer
4)Reducing cancer mortality

Question 21

The nurse correlates an increased risk of colon cancer in patients with which of the following factors? Select all that apply.
1)Low-fat diet
2)Alcohol in excess of two to three drinks per day
3)History of polyps
4)History of hepatitis
5)Obesity

Question 22

The nurse instructs a group of community members about ways to reduce risk for the development of cancer. Which participant statements indicate that teaching has been effective? Select all that apply.
1)"I need to cut down on my smoking."
2)"I should limit my alcohol intake to one drink per day because I am a woman."
3)"I need to keep my children away from smokers."
4)"Sunscreen should be applied before spending time outdoors."
5)"I should eat two servings of fruits or vegetables each day."

Question 23

The nurse intervenes to collect additional information when the patient reports which of the following data that may be associated with an increased risk for cancer? Select all that apply.
1)"I have a bowel movement every day."
2)"I have been coughing like this for months."
3)"I have a sore on my back that just won't heal."
4)"I have had this mole on my arm since I was born."
5)"I have developed heartburn within the last couple of months."

Question 24

The nurse correlates an increased risk of which types of cancer to exposure to the human papillomavirus (HPV)? Select all the apply.
1)Cervical cancer
2)Liver cancer
3)Nasal cancer
4)Oral cancer
5)Prostate cancer

Question 25

The nurse is preparing to perform a health assessment on an adult patient who has a family history of cancer. Which questions should the nurse ask the patient to assess related to warning signs of cancer? Select all that apply.
1)"Have you noticed a change in your appetite?"
2)"Have you noticed any cuts that have not healed?"
3)"Have you had any changes in bowel or bladder habits?"
4)"Have you experienced any problems swallowing?"
5)"Do you have a cough that is not associated with seasonal allergies?'

Question 26

Which nursing intervention is best for the patient with xerostomia secondary to chemotherapy?
1)Monitor white blood cell count
2)Assess for signs of fatigue
3)Provide frequent mouth care
4)Implement contact isolation

Question 27

During an assessment, the nurse notes that a patient receiving radiation treatments for breast cancer has excoriated skin. These findings best substantiate which nursing diagnosis?
1)Risk for Infection
2)Activity Intolerance
3)Excess Fluid Volume
4)Altered Body Image

Question 28

The nurse instructs a group of community members on the difference between benign and malignant neoplasms. Which participant statements indicate that teaching has been effective? Select all that apply.
1)"Malignant tumors can grow back."
2)"Benign tumors stay in one area."
3)"Benign tumors grow slowly."
4)"Malignant tumors are easy to remove."
5)"Malignant tumors grow in a controlled process."

Question 29

The nurse recognizes that statistics from the American Cancer Society demonstrate that males are at greater risk for the development of which types of cancer? Select all that apply.
1)Breast
2)Colorectal
3)Lung
4)Melanoma of skin
5)Thyroid

Question 30

The nurse working on the oncology unit correlates cigarette smoking with an increased incidence of which types of cancer? Select all that apply.
1)Bladder cancer
2)Brain tumors
3)Esophageal cancer
4)Gastric cancer
5)Liver cancer