Deck 37: Hypertension

Question 1

The nurse explains that treatment of secondary hypertension focuses on a:

A) Smoking cessation program
B) Strenuous exercise program
C) Weight-loss program designed to reduce weight rapidly
D) Specific etiologic disease

Answer 1

Specific etiologic disease

Question 2

The nurse explains that hypertension in older adults is:

A) Age-related
B) Unavoidable
C) Progressively crippling
D) Improves with treatment

Answer 2

Improves with treatment

Question 3

An obese African-American man who smokes would have a hypertension staging of grade:

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The nurse points out the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)diet uses as its source of protein and fat which one of the following?

A) Lean red meat
B) Whole grains
C) Low fiber
D) Sugar

Question 5

The nurse includes in a teaching plan on hypertension that treatment for essential hypertension is focused on:

A) Daily medication with mild diuretics
B) Low-dose vasodilators
C) Reduction of modifiable risks
D) Combination of vasodilators and diuretics

Question 6

An 89-year-old patient is taking an antihypertensive medication.Home care teaching by the nurse would include instructing the patient to:

A) Get up out of bed slowly.
B) Take hot baths.
C) Report sexual dysfunction immediately.
D) Stop taking the drug if side effects occur.

Question 7

The patient who is being evaluated every week for possible hypertension is classified as prehypertensive when the blood pressure readings are over:

A) 120/80 mm Hg for two consecutive visits
B) 130/85 mm Hg for over 2 months
C) 140/95 mm Hg for 2 months
D) 144/100 mm Hg at one visit

Question 8

An 87-year-old patient is taking furosemide (Lasix)for elevated blood pressure.The nurse knows that older patients are at risk for:

A) Falls
B) Hypokalemia
C) Reflex tachycardia
D) Neutropenia

Question 9

A patient is taking hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)for hypertension.Dietary teaching would include increasing intake of:

A) Bananas
B) Apple juice
C) Sugar-free foods
D) Low-fat milk

Question 10

The nurse emphasizes that the lifestyle change that has the greatest effect on reducing hypertension is:

A) Sodium restriction
B) Reduction in alcohol consumption
C) Daily aerobic exercise
D) Weight reduction

Question 11

The nurse is aware that patients who have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)and asthma are not candidates for treatment with the antihypertensive drug:

A) Propranolol ( Inderal): beta-adrenergic receptor blocker
B) Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL): diuretic
C) Diltiazem (Cardizem): calcium antagonist
D) Captopril (Capoten): ACE inhibitor

Question 12

An obese 38-year-old African-American patient with diabetes is being evaluated for the use of propranolol (Inderal)in controlling his hypertension.The nurse points out that a contraindication for that drug's use in this patient would be his:

A) Race
B) Age
C) Diabetes
D) Weight

Question 13

A patient inquires if his blood pressure is normal.The nurse responds that normal blood pressure is defined as less than:

A) 144/90 mm Hg
B) 138/86 mm Hg
C) 126/82 mm Hg
D) 118/65 mm Hg

Question 14

A patient is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)inhibitor,enalapril (Vasotec).The nurse instructs the patient to:

A) Monitor potassium intake.
B) Report asthma symptoms.
C) Return for follow-up visits.
D) Assess blood sugar closely.

Question 15

The nurse reminds a patient that to be diagnosed with hypertension,the blood pressure is evaluated to confirm consistent blood pressure readings over:

A) 120/80 mm Hg
B) 130/90 mm Hg
C) 140/90 mm Hg
D) 150/100 mm Hg

Question 16

The nurse understands that when a patient who is taking antihypertensive therapy complains of fatigue and has a pulse of 54 bpm,this side effect is most likely caused by:

A) Diltiazem (Cardizem)
B) Furosemide (Lasix)
C) Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
D) Methyldopa (Aldomet)

Question 17

In a teaching plan for a patient with hypertension,the nurse would include:

A) Stopping medications if side effects occur.
B) Maintaining a diet high in unsaturated fat.
C) Advising no further visits if no other symptoms occur.
D) Encouraging relaxation techniques.

Question 18

To use less sodium in the diet,the nurse recommends the use of spices and:

A) Catsup
B) Garlic
C) Soy sauce
D) Cheese

Question 19

The nurse questions the patient with hypertension about the symptoms of headache because hypertension headaches characteristically occur as:

A) Frontal in the afternoon
B) Temporal on exertion
C) Occipital on arising
D) Frontal at night

Question 20

The nurse should instruct the patient who has been started on verapamil (Calan)for his elevated blood pressure to monitor his:

A) Urine output
B) Pulse
C) Stool for blood
D) Edema

Question 21

The nurse explains that the force against which the left ventricle must work to force the blood into the circulation is called ______________________________.

Question 22

Malignant hypertension is most commonly observed in:

A) White postmenopausal women
B) Obese Asians
C) Young African-American adults
D) Older Latino men

Question 23

The cause of secondary hypertension can be a variety of conditions that include: (Select all that apply.)

A) Renal disease
B) Coarctation of the aorta
C) Colon cancer
D) Increased intracranial pressure (ICP)
E) Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 24

The nurse explains that hypertension occurs when a chain reaction of events takes place: (Place the following options in the appropriate sequence.)

A) Ephedrine constricts vessels and increases the heart rate.
B) Renin constricts vessels and decreases the blood flow to the kidneys.
C) Angiotensin constricts vessels in response to renin.
D) Norepinephrine constricts vessels, increasing peripheral vascular resistance.
E) The adrenal cortex produces aldosterone, causing fluids and sodium to be retained.

Question 25

A patient who has been taking methyldopa (Aldomet)for his hypertension reports to the emergency department with a severe headache,blurred vision,and a blood pressure reading of 200/94 mm Hg.The nurse would suspect:

A) Hyperglycemia
B) Ineffective coping with sedation
C) Abrupt cessation of medication
D) Sexual dysfunction

Question 26

The advantages of hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)as outlined by the nurse are that this diuretic: (Select all that apply.)

A) Is potassium sparing.
B) Is effective for African Americans.
C) Consistently controls blood pressure.
D) Has no side effects.
E) Decreases heart rate.

Question 27

The patient with hypertension comes to the emergency department and is experiencing nausea and vomiting and is restless and confused.His vital signs are blood pressure: 220/130 mm Hg; pulse: 120 beats/min,respirations: 32 breaths/min.Based on these assessments,the nurse would conclude that the patient is experiencing:

A) Hypertension crisis from the cessation of a drug
B) Stroke from increased blood pressure
C) Adverse drug reaction
D) Onset of diabetes

Question 28

The nurse caring for a patient with a hypertensive crisis will place the priority on:

A) Suctioning secretions
B) Monitoring for seizure activity
C) Monitoring fluid volume
D) Preventing hyperthermia

Question 29

The nurse encourages the patient with essential hypertension that a first-line therapeutic approach to lowering blood pressure is: (Select all that apply.)

A) Smoking cessation
B) Beta blockers
C) Exercise programs
D) Weight loss
E) Decreased sodium intake

Question 30

When a patient reports drowsiness after initiating atenolol (Tenormin)for the treatment of hypertension,the nurse's best response would be to instruct the patient to:

A) Take the medication at bedtime.
B) Reduce the dose of the medication until the desired effect occurs.
C) Avoid activities that require alertness.
D) Talk to the physician because drowsiness is not an anticipated side effect.