Deck 56: Pharmacotherapy of Hiv-Aids

Question 1

Which of the following assessment findings would concern the nurse if found in the client receiving darunavir (Prezista)?
1)Complete numbness and tingling around the mouth
2)Fever, abdominal pain, headache, and rash
3)Blistering and reddening of the skin
4)Nausea and vomiting

Answer 1

4

Question 2

When the client is started on antiretroviral drugs for HIV, it will be important for the nurse to teach the client which of the following?
1)This drug will cure the disease over a period of time.
2)This drug will not cure the disease, but could extend life expectancy.
3)This type of drug will be used prior to vaccines.
4)This drug is readily available all over the world for treatment.

Answer 2

1

Question 3

The client has AIDS, and has just learned she is pregnant.She tearfully asks the nurse if her baby will die of AIDS.What is the best outcome for this client?
1)The client will take penciclovir (Denavir)as prescribed.
2)The client will take indinavir (Crixivan)as prescribed.
3)The client will take zidovudine (Retrovir)as prescribed.
4)The client will take tipranavir (Aptivus)as prescribed.

Answer 3

3

Question 4

The client asks the nurse why there aren't better drugs for HIV infection when so much money is spent on research.What is the best response by the nurse?
1)"Developing new drugs is difficult because people think AIDS is a 'gay' disease."
2)"Developing new drugs is difficult because the virus mutates so readily."
3)"Developing new drugs is difficult because we still do not understand the virus."
4)"Developing new drugs is difficult because we still do not have enough money."

Question 5

The standard drug therapy for antivirals for HIV-AIDS can include which of the following?
1)Zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT)
2)Acyclovir (Zovirax)
3)Rimantadine (Flumadine)
4)Interferon alfa-2b (Intron A)

Question 6

Which of the following is not included as part of protocol to reduce perinatal transmission?
1)Oral zidovudine administered to the mother, beginning at 14-34 weeks' gestation
2)Intravenous zidovudine administered to the mother during labor
3)Intravenous zidovudine administered to the newborn for the first 3 days of life
4)Oral zidovudine administered to the newborn for 6 weeks following delivery

Question 7

Opportunistic infections have become less common, and mortality is diminished, because HAART:
1)Increases the amount of red blood cells in the body.
2)Decreases RNA replication.
3)Increases the number of CD4 lymphocytes.
4)Decreases the transmission of opportunistic infections from one person to another.

Question 8

The nurse does health teaching with a client who has AIDS and who has been started on antiviral medications.The nurse recognizes teaching has been effective when the client makes which statement?
1)"I will still need to take precautions to avoid spreading the virus to others."
2)"I will need to be on a high-calorie diet to enhance the effect of the medication."
3)"I will need to limit my travel to avoid people with other infections."
4)"I will not be able to continue working at my high-stress job anymore."

Question 9

An HIV patient has been on an antiviral protease inhibitor for two months, and recently complains of being hungry and thirsty, and urinating more frequently.Knowing adverse effects of protease inhibitors, the nurse should assess for:
1)Pancreatitis.
2)Hepatomegaly.
3)Kidney failure.
4)Hyperglycemia.

Question 10

A client who is pregnant is taking ritonavir.When asking about the safety of this medication in pregnancy, the nurse informs the patient that this drug is in pregnancy category:
1)A.
2)B.
3)C.
4)X.

Question 11

All four major classes of drugs used to manage HIV infection have in common the ability to:
1)Destroy the cell walls of the virus.
2)Prevent the virus from entering the host cell.
3)Inhibit enzymes that are necessary for viral replication.
4)Promote cell division only in uninfected cells.

Question 12

The nurse accidentally sticks herself with a needle after starting an intravenous line on a client with AIDS.The nurse tells the supervisor about the accident.What is the best initial response by the supervisor to decrease anxiety in the nurse?
1)"Fortunately, the chances of you contracting human immunodeficiency virus after the stick are very small."
2)"If you are started on medications soon, it will decrease the severity of the disease."
3)"Workers compensation will cover the cost of your illness and medications."
4)"Did you use the hospital protocols for starting IV lines on a client with AIDS?"

Question 13

Transmission of HIV infection occurs by:
1)Exposure to fecal material.
2)Exposure to contaminated food.
3)Exposure to respiratory secretions.
4)Exposure to blood or semen.

Question 14

A patient is started on efavirenz, a NNRTI.What prescription should the nurse question the order of before giving it with efavirenz?
1)Diazepam
2)Diphenhydramine
3)Ibuprofen
4)Penicillin

Question 15

The goal of HAART is:
1)Reduction of the plasma level of HIV to the lowest level possible.
2)Elimination of the virus from the bloodstream.
3)Elimination of the virus from the lymph system.
4)Reduction of side effects seen with other HIV-AIDS drugs.

Question 16

The nurse teaches clients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)about the importance of taking their medications as prescribed.What does the nurse recognize as the primary factor for medication noncompliance in the AIDS population?
1)The necessity of having to take multiple medications throughout the day
2)The difficulty with availability of medications to treat AIDS
3)The unpleasant side effects associated with the medications
4)A lack of understanding for the reason to take medications

Question 17

The status of current research for developing a vaccine for HIV is:
1)Scientists are close to discovering a vaccine for HIV.
2)Scientists currently have many HIV vaccines in clinical trials.
3)Scientists are far from developing a vaccine to prevent AIDS.
4)The HIV vaccines developed can prevent fatal consequences of the virus.

Question 18

The preferred drug for pneumocystis pneumonia is:
1)Azithromycin.
2)TMP-SMX.
3)Penicillin.
4)Erythromycin.

Question 19

A client has been prescribed tenofovir.The nurse should include in the client's education:
1)To take the medicine on an empty stomach.
2)To double the next dose if a dose is missed.
3)That this drug increases bone mineral density.
4)That the risk of transmitting the disease through blood contamination is
Decreased.

Question 20

The preferred drug to be used in combination with zidovudine for perinatal transmission prevention is:
1)Didanosine.
2)Tenofovir.
3)Ritonavir.
4)Lamivudine.

Question 21

When providing client and family education for the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)drugs for HIV-AIDS, the nurse would include instructions to:
1)Take the medicine on an empty stomach.
2)Take the medicine on a full stomach.
3)Take the medicine with apple juice to decrease the bad taste.
4)Take the medicine with orange juice to increase absorption.

Question 22

A priority system of assessment in a patient recently started on efavirenz includes:
1)Pulmonary.
2)CNS.
3)Cardiac.
4)GI.