Deck 52: Pharmacotherapy of Mycobacterial Infections

Question 1

The nurse correctly understands that the first two months of drugs therapy for tuberculosis should include: (Select all that apply.)
1)Isoniazid.
2)Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane).
3)Pyrazinamide (PZA).
4)Ethambutol (Myambutol).
5)Albuterol.

Answer 1

1, 2, 3, 4

Question 2

The nursing student would be correct in identifying which of the following as the expected duration for pharmacological management of lepromatous leprosy?
1)14 days
2)1 month
3)6-12 months
4)2-5 years

Answer 2

2

Question 3

Treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)should include which class of antibiotics?
1)Macrolides
2)Fluoroquinolones
3)Penicillins
4)Cephalosporins

Answer 3

1

Question 4

The nurse is reading the client's medical history, and learns that the client has a history of infections with Mycobacterium scrofulaceum.Based on this finding, the nurse would expect the patient to be from which age group?
1)A child 1-3 years old
2)An adolescent
3)A middle-aged adult
4)An older adult

Question 5

The nurse is implementing direct observance therapy (DOT).The nursing student asks what this means.The nurse correctly responds by saying:
1)"The nurse must physically observe the client taking the medication."
2)"The nurse must watch the client document that the medication has been taken."
3)"A family member must swear that the client is taking the medication."
4)"The client must swear all medications have been taken."

Question 6

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)primarily attacks the:
1)Heart and blood vessels.
2)Bowel and liver.
3)Lymph nodes and genitourinary system.
4)Lungs.

Question 7

The nurse is teaching a community course at a local senior citizen center regarding leprosy.The nurse would be correct in informing the class that clients acquire Mycobacterium leprae by which route?
1)Fecal/oral
2)Sexual transmission
3)Respiratory droplets
4)Hand-to-hand contact

Question 8

The substance present in Mycobacterium that protects it from disinfectants, including chlorinated water, is:
1)Hydrochloric acid.
2)Yeast.
3)Polysaccharides.
4)Mycolic acid.

Question 9

Which of the following medications is considered the mainstay of pharmacological intervention in the client with tuberculosis, and is included in all regimens?
1)Isoniazid
2)Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)
3)Pyrazinamide (PZA)
4)Ethambutol (Myambutol).

Question 10

In a postprimary or reactivation-stage infection, the most common non respiratory infection sites are the:
1)Heart and blood vessels.
2)Bowel and liver.
3)Lymph nodes and genitourinary system.
4)Skin and muscles.

Question 11

For the patient on tuberculosis treatment, the priority assessment at monthly exams should include the monitoring of:
1)White blood cell counts.
2)Electrolytes.
3)Proteinuria.
4)Liver function tests.

Question 12

Which of the following medications is considered the mainstay of pharmacological intervention in the client with leprosy, and is included in all regimens?
1)Dapsone
2)Trimethoprim
3)Pyrazinamide (PZA)
4)Ethambutol (Myambutol).

Question 13

The client recently diagnosed with tuberculosis asks the nursing student why so many different pills are required to treat the infection.The student bases the response on the knowledge that:
1)Treatment is a trial-and-error process, and it will take 14 days for the appropriate drug to be identified.
2)The patient might have a genetic difference that requires multiple dosing.
3)It is difficult for a single drug to break down the cysts that are formed by the tubercle.
4)Mycobacteria grow slowly and often develop resistance during the course of treatment.

Question 14

The nurse is teaching a community course at a local senior citizen center regarding tuberculosis.The nurse would be correct in informing the class that patients acquire Mycobacterium tuberculosis by which route?
1)Fecal/oral
2)Sexual transmission
3)Respiratory droplets
4)Hand-to-hand contact

Question 15

Symptoms of tuberculosis infection include: (Select all that apply.)
1)Anorexia.
2)Weight loss.
3)Night sweats.
4)Fatigue.
5)High fever.
6)Non-productive cough.

Question 16

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)infections are believed to be spread via which route?
1)Contaminated soil
2)Contaminated meat
3)Respiratory droplets
4)Blood contact

Question 17

The client recently diagnosed with tuberculosis asks the nursing student why members of his family also will be treated.The nursing student bases the response based on which fact?
1)The family members will get the disease, and treatment must begin early.
2)The medication for the family is preventative.
3)The medication will increase the family members' immune response.
4)Smaller doses now will prevent side effects should they need the medication in larger doses later.

Question 18

Pregnant patients should also receive which of the following to help prevent peripheral neuropathy
1)Pyridoxine (vitamin B₆)
2)Niacin
3)Neurontin
4)Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B₁₂)

Question 19

The primary reason for lack of success in the treatment of tuberculosis is:
1)The development of resistance.
2)Medication errors by the nurse.
3)Underdosing by the provider.
4)Client noncompliance.

Question 20

The nursing student would be correct in identifying which of the following as the expected duration for pharmacological management of tuberculosis?
1)7 days
2)14 days
3)1 month
4)6-12 months

Question 21

In areas where isoniazid resistance is high, the drug of choice for first-line therapy is:
1)Pyridoxine.
2)Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane).
3)Pyrazinamide (PZA).
4)Ethambutol (Myambutol).

Question 22

In addition to close family members of tuberculosis patients, which other group should the nurse expect to receive prophylactic treatment with antimycobacterial agents?
1)Pregnant patient
2)Trauma patients
3)HIV/AIDS patients
4)Burn patients

Question 23

A patient would be considered tuberculosis-free when the:
1)Chest x-ray is clear.
2)Sputum culture and smear are negative.
3)PPD is negative.
4)White blood cell count is normal.

Question 24

The nurse reviewing the medication history of the client taking dapsone would have concern if which drug were listed?
1)Aspirin
2)Saint John's wort
3)Potassium
4)Viagra

Question 25

Pregnant patients taking isoniazid therapy should also receive:
1)Pyridoxine.
2)Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane).
3)Pyrazinamide (PZA).
4)Ethambutol (Myambutol).

Question 26

The most frequent adverse effects of dapsone relate to which system?
1)Urinary
2)Respiratory
3)Gastrointestinal
4)Hematologic

Question 27

A patient would be considered tuberculosis-free when the:
1)Chest x-ray is clear.
2)Sputum culture and smear are negative.
3)PPD is negative.
4)White blood cell count is normal.

Question 28

Which of the following would indicate the patient is experiencing a side effect of ethambutol?
1)Ringing in the ears
2)Alteration in colored vision
3)White patches in the mucous membranes
4)Alteration in smell

Question 29

The most frequent adverse effects of dapsone relate to which system?
1)Urinary
2)Respiratory
3)Gastrointestinal
4)Hematologic

Question 30

When used for prophylaxis, isoniazid will be used for what time period?
1)1 month
2)6-12 months
3)1 year
4)2-5 years