Deck 11: Pharmacotherapy of the Pediatric Patient

Question 1

The nurse must understand the unique actions of drugs in pediatric patients in order to deliver safe and effective pharmacologic therapy.What factor must the nurse understand in relationship to the absorption of weak acids?
1)High gastric acid production can enhance the absorption.
2)High gastric motility can reduce the rate of absorption of drugs across the stomach lining.
3)Slow gastric motility can reduce the rate of absorption of drugs across the stomach lining.
4)Low gastric acid production can enhance the absorption.

Answer 1

4

Question 2

The nurse is doing discharge planning with the child and the family.What should be considered in the teaching plan to enhance medication adherence?
1)Low expectations for successful outcomes
2)Complex, expensive medication regimen
3)Minimal adverse effects from the medications
4)Let the family make their own decisions without assistance from the professional.

Answer 2

3

Question 3

The nurse plans to administer medication to the preschool-age child.Which approach indicates the nurse has an understanding of growth and development?
1)There should be no need to restrain a child of this age.
2)Use a brief explanation, followed by quick administration of the medication.
3)The child is often more cooperative if the parent is not in the room.
4)The child does better with verbal instruction than play instruction.

Answer 3

2

Question 4

The nurse plans to teach a safety class to parents of toddlers about household exposure to medications.What will the best teaching plan include? Select all that apply.
1)Vitamins are not medications, and therefore are not toxic.
2)Prescription drugs for children come in flavored elixirs, and can be mistaken for candy.
3)Keep all medications locked up or stored out of reach of the toddler.
4)Toddlers put everything in their mouths, including topical medications.
5)Poisoning is extremely common during the toddler years.

Question 5

Nurses are ultimately responsible for adherence to the basic rules of drug administration.It is important that the nurse understands that the safety and effectiveness of a medication regimen depends on which factors? Select all that apply.
1)Proper procurement
2)Proper storage of the medication
3)Protection of the nurse from liability
4)Proper administration of the drug
5)Protection of the physician from liability

Question 6

What does the nurse consider to be the safest way to deliver medications to infants?
1)Oral medications are the preferred route due to fewer side effects.
2)The gluteal site is the preferred site for intramuscular (IM)administration of medication.
3)Medications should be calculated based on the infant's age.
4)The dosage should be based on milligrams per kilogram per day.

Question 7

The nurse assigned to pediatric medication administration is aware that children might have the same adverse effects to a medication as an adult.For what class of medication could this reaction occur, and what reaction would be evident?
1)Antianxiety; diarrhea
2)Antidepressants; diarrhea
3)Antibiotics; CNS depression
4)Antipsychotics; CNS depression

Question 8

The adolescent is suppose to go to the school nurse at noon to receive medication for Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but often does not go for the medication.What best describes the nurse's understanding of this situation?
1)The adolescent has made a conscious decision not to take the medication.
2)The adolescent forgets about taking the medication.
3)The adolescent does not understand the need for the medication.
4)The adolescent is embarrassed in front of peers.

Question 9

The nurse is using the following formula to calculate pediatric medications: Child's height and weight are plotted on a nomogram, and a line is drawn between the two points.The point at which the line intersects the surface area line is the child's BSA.The dose is calculated as BSA divided by 1.73 X adult dose = child's dose.What does the BSA in the formula represent?
1)The body weight method
2)The body surface attitude
3)The body surface alignment
4)The body surface area

Question 10

The nurse must understand the unique actions of drugs in pediatric patients to deliver safe and effective pharmacologic therapy.What factor would lead to the dilution of the drug furosemide (Lasix)in the newborn?
1)Higher proportion of water to fat dilutes water-soluble drugs.
2)Higher proportion of fat to water dilutes water-soluble drugs.
3)There is no dilution of the drug in pediatric patients.
4)Lower proportion of fat to water dilutes water-soluble drugs.

Question 11

The nurse is utilizing the guidelines established by American Academy of Pediatrics (2003)when administering mediations to pediatric patients.Which nursing action is included in the guidelines?
1)Confirm patient identity before administering the first dose of the shift.
2)Check medication calculations with another professional.
3)Remember that all medication ordering and dispensing systems are the same in all facilities.
4)Verify drug orders after medication administration.

Question 12

An infant is brought to the ED presenting with the following symptoms: oliguria, hematuria, cloudy urine, and fever.What would the nurse anticipate the physician's diagnosis to be?
1)"Gasping syndrome"
2)Respiratory distress syndrome
3)Nephrotoxicity
4)Neurotoxicity