Deck 28: Plant Reproduction and Development

Question 1

Thevolution of flowers aninsects is an examplof

A)parallel evolution.
B)regressive evolution.
C)coevolution.
D)convergent evolution.
E)divergent evolution.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Theoretically, a plant shoulstill bablto reproducsexually even though its __________ havbeen removed.

A)stamens
B)sepals
C)anthers
D)ovaries
E)carpels

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Thcorolla is madup of

A)sepals.
B)petals.
C)carpels.
D)pollen grains.
E)anthers.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Thprotectivpart of thflower is the

A)carpel.
B)stamen.
C)petal.
D)sepal.
E)ovule.

Question 5

Thvarious flower parts arattacheto the

A)style.
B)receptacle.
C)stigma.
D)filament.
E)calyx.

Question 6

Megaspores produce

A)female gametophytes.
B)spores.
C)sporophytes.
D)embryos.
E)diploid tissue.

Question 7

Thmalpart of a flower consists of a (an)

A)carpel.
B)stigma.
C)anther only.
D)filament only.
E)anther and filament.

Question 8

Bees arablto detect which of thfollowing pigments?

A)pink
B)green
C)orange
D)ultraviolet
E)violet

Question 9

Which of thfollowing choices represent thcorrect sequencof stages for pollen development?

A)microspores >>> meiosis
B)meiosis >>> microspores
C)mitosis >>> megaspores
D)meiosis >>> megaspores
E)none of these

Question 10

Thprocess during which thdiploiset of chromosomes becomes haploiis

A)metastasis.
B)fertilization.
C)cleavage.
D)meiosis.
E)none of these.

Question 11

A stamen is

A)composed of a stigma, a style, and an ovary.
B)the mature male gametophyte.
C)the site where microspores are produced.
D)part of the vegetative phase of an angiosperm.
E)none of these.

Question 12

Stamens contain

A)petals.
B)sepals.
C)stigmas.
D)ovules.
E)anthers.

Question 13

What do gametes, spores, angametophytgenerations havin common?

A)They are all diploid.
B)They are all haploid.
C)They are limited to vascular plants.
D)They have nothing in common.
E)They are asexual structures.

Question 14

Which of thfollowing has NOT been shown to harhoneybees?

A)parasitic mites
B)small flowers
C)Israeli acute paralysis
D)neonicotinoids
E)colony collapse disorder

Question 15

Which forms thoutermost whorl of flower parts?

A)sepals
B)petals
C)anthers
D)carpels
E)stamens

Question 16

Thmalpart of a flower is the

A)carpel.
B)stamen.
C)petal.
D)sepal.
E)receptacle.

Question 17

Thcalyx is composeof

A)petals.
B)sepals.
C)stigmas.
D)ovules.
E)anthers.

Question 18

Which of thfollowing is FALSE?

A)Flowers often exhibit coevolution with their pollinators.
B)Seeds often exhibit coevolution with their disseminators.
C)The pollen grain is a haploid microspore.
D)Megaspores are part of the female gametophyte generation.
E)Megaspores and microspores arise through mitosis.

Question 19

Thcalyx is composeof

A)petals.
B)sepals.
C)anthers.
D)carpels.
E)receptacle tissue.

Question 20

Thfunction of flowers is to

A)provide beauty to the environment.
B)attract insects.
C)produce sex cells.
D)enable scientists to classify plants into the proper taxonomic group.
E)attract insects and produce gametes.

Question 21

In flowering plants, onspernucleus fuses with that of an egg, ana zygotforms what develops into an embryo.Another spernucleus

A)fuses with a primary endosperm cell to produce three cells, each with one nucleus.
B)fuses with a primary endosperm cell to produce one cell with one triploid nucleus.
C)fuses with the diploid endosperm mother cell, forming a primary endosperm cell with a single triploid nucleus.
D)fuses with one of the smaller megaspores to produce what will eventually become the seed coat.
E)does none of these.

Question 22

Thmegasporusually divides into how many nuclei beforfertilization?

A)2
B)4
C)8
D)16
E)32

Question 23

Thplacwherpollination occurs is the

A)stigma.
B)micropyle.
C)anther.
D)receptacle.
E)style.

Question 24

Counting thnumber of seeds in a fruit will givan indication of thnumber of

A)carpels.
B)stamens.
C)pollen tubes.
D)ovules.
E)flowers.

Question 25

Which teris defineby pollen reaching a receptivstigma?

A)double fertilization
B)fertilization of the egg nucleus
C)dormancy
D)pollination
E)pollen tube

Question 26

Thegg is

A)diploid.
B)tetraploid.
C)polyploid.
D)triploid.
E)haploid.

Question 27

All of thfollowing artruof thsporophytgeneration in plants EXCEPT

A)The sporophyte is a diploid plant body.
B)The sporophyte generation grows by mitotic divisions of a fertilized egg.
C)The sporophyte generation is produced by the gametophyte generation.
D)The sporophyte develops from a diploid zygote.
E)The megaspores and microspores are produced by mitosis in the sporophyte generation.

Question 28

Thpollen tubgrows to or through

A)the stigma.
B)the style.
C)the ovary.
D)the micropyle.
E)all of these.

Question 29

Thendosperproduceduring doublfertilization is

A)diploid.
B)tetraploid.
C)polyploid.
D)triploid.
E)haploid.

Question 30

Thseeis produceby thdevelopment of the

A)embryo.
B)ovule.
C)ovary.
D)zygote.
E)pollen.

Question 31

Thendosperof a plant

A)forms the food supply for the new sporophyte plant.
B)is composed of haploid tissue.
C)protects the young embryo within a seed.
D)provides a connection between the ovary of a flower and a developing seed.
E)is produced asexually.

Question 32

Doublfertilization in plants is thunion of

A)two eggs and one sperm.
B)two sperm and one egg.
C)two sperm and two eggs.
D)one sperm to one egg and one sperm to the endosperm.
E)one sperm to the egg and one sperm to the egg nucleus.

Question 33

Anthers produce

A)ovules.
B)stamens.
C)microspores.
D)female gametophytes.
E)none of these.

Question 34

Megaspores

A)are haploid.
B)are found in the ovule.
C)will develop into gametophytes.
D)are female rather than male.
E)have all of these characteristics.

Question 35

Which of thfollowing develops into a seed?

A)flower
B)ovary
C)carpel
D)ovule
E)stamen

Question 36

Microspores arproduceby

A)carpels.
B)mitosis.
C)meiosis.
D)parthenogenesis.
E)carpels and meiosis.

Question 37

Pollination occurs on the

A)micropyle.
B)stigma.
C)style.
D)anther.
E)embryo sac.

Question 38

Which of thfollowing is NOT a fruit?

A)acorns
B)strawberries
C)potatoes
D)pineapple
E)pea pods

Question 39

Thprimary function of thendosperis

A)protection.
B)reproduction.
C)growth.
D)food storage.
E)water absorption.

Question 40

Which of thfollowing is part of thgametophytgeneration?

A)carpel
B)anther
C)pollen tube nucleus and its sperm
D)seed
E)megaspore

Question 41

Fruit is producefrothdevelopment of the

A)zygote.
B)ovule.
C)flowers.
D)cotyledon.
E)ovary.

Question 42

This seestructure's purposis to nourish thyoung plant until its leaves can begin photosynthesis.

A)plumule
B)hypocotyl
C)radicle
D)cotyledon
E)coleoptile

Question 43

Quaking aspen reproduces vegetatively by

A)root suckers.
B)corms.
C)bulbs.
D)tubers.
E)rhizomes.

Question 44

Which is NOT primarily relateto asexual reproduction?

A)adventitious shoots
B)pollination
C)grafting
D)cloning
E)tissue culture

Question 45

What kinof fruit is formefrofuseovaries of several associateflowers?

A)aggregate
B)simple
C)multiple
D)floating
E)bladder-like

Question 46

In thearly growth stages of a seedling, what environmental cuis especially important for plant growth andevelopment?

A)mitosis
B)cytoplasmic divisions
C)hormonal interactions
D)water availability
E)mitosis and cytoplasmic divisions

Question 47

A seedoes NOT include

A)endosperm.
B)seed coats.
C)cotyledons.
D)carpels.
E)embryo.

Question 48

All EXCEPT which of thfollowing woullikely havan effect on seegermination?

A)moisture
B)temperature
C)minerals
D)length of day
E)oxygen

Question 49

Thteruseto describthcloning of an entirplant froa singlcell is

A)sexual meiosis.
B)tissue culture propagation.
C)reduced integration.
D)germination mitosis.
E)phototropism.

Question 50

Cells that retain thability to dividarcalle__________ cells.

A)parenchyma
B)meristematic
C)ground
D)epidermal
E)mesophyll

Question 51

A seeleaf is

A)the embryo.
B)the germ of the embryo.
C)the endosperm.
D)the cotyledon.
E)only present after fruits form.

Question 52

All EXCEPT which of thfollowing terms can busein describing asexual reproduction?

A)clone
B)stolon
C)identical
D)zygote
E)vegetative reproduction

Question 53

If a plant is saito reproducasexually by modes of vegetativgrowth, this means that

A)part of a leaf, a stem, or a root, when torn away from the parent plant and planted under proper conditions, can develop into a new plant.
B)it cannot reproduce by forming flowers, fruits, and seeds.
C)the leafy part of the gametophyte can grow into a new plant if planted and grown similar to the way most vegetables are grown.
D)flowers and fruits from one plant can be grafted onto another closely related plant to produce hybrids.
E)all of these are true.

Question 54

Chemicals produceby ongroup of cells that alter thactivity of target cells arcalled

A)secretions.
B)hormones.
C)steroids.
D)polymers.
E)enzymes.

Question 55

Thprocess of inducing a cutting froonplant to fuswith thtissues of another plant is called

A)root sucker propagation.
B)cloning.
C)vegetative reproduction.
D)tissue culture.
E)grafting.

Question 56

This seestructure's purposis to open a channel upwarin thsoil.

A)plumule
B)hypocotyl
C)radicle
D)cotyledon
E)coleoptile

Question 57

Bananas arpropagateby

A)grafting.
B)adventitious roots.
C)tissue culture.
D)treating banana tissues with colchicine.
E)planting seeds.

Question 58

Fleshy fruits, such as cherries, armorlikely to bdisperseby __________ than by other means.

A)wind
B)adhering to animal fur
C)passing through animal guts
D)falling to the ground and rotting
E)water currents

Question 59

Which of thfollowing statements is FALSE?

A)The movement of water into a seed is known as imbibition.
B)Water is attracted to hydrophilic proteins in the seed.
C)The shoot system is the first part of a cotyledon to grow.
D)When a seed begins germinating, it starts aerobic respiration.
E)Germination is completed once the root extends outside the seed.

Question 60

Thseeds of colorful, fleshy fruits armost likely to bspreaby

A)animals.
B)water.
C)wind.
D)explosion.
E)insects.

Question 61

Thplant hormonthought to binvolvewith responsto gravity anlight is

A)abscisic acid.
B)auxin.
C)gibberellin.
D)ethylene.
E)none of these.

Question 62

What is thprincipal substancthat causes phototropisin stems or leaves?

A)auxin
B)gibberellin
C)abscisic acid
D)ethylene
E)all of these

Question 63

Thplant hormonthat stimulates senescencis

A)auxin.
B)gibberellin.
C)cytokinin.
D)abscisic acid.
E)ethylene.

Question 64

Thplant hormonthat promotes cell division is

A)auxin.
B)gibberellin.
C)cytokinin.
D)florigen.
E)ethylene.

Question 65

Which of thfollowing is mismatched?

A)cytokinin-retards aging
B)auxin-promotes cell elongation
C)gibberellin-stimulates production of dormant buds
D)abscisic acid-promotes stomatal closure
E)ethylene-promotes fruit ripening

Question 66

Perhaps a plant's greatest liability is its inability to

A)produce growth hormones.
B)use aerobic respiration.
C)move when conditions around it deteriorate.
D)produce its own lipids and proteins.
E)respond to dwindling supplies of nutrients and water.

Question 67

A housplant that has been placein thwindow will grow towarthsourcof light becausauxin

A)becomes more concentrated on the illuminated side of the plant.
B)becomes less concentrated on the illuminated side of the plant.
C)becomes more concentrated in the roots of the plant.
D)inhibits the growth of cells on the shady side, so the cells on the sunny side grow faster.
E)is produced only when the sun shines.

Question 68

Gibberellins havtheir most dramatic effects

A)on leaves.
B)in ell elongation.
C)in fruit ripening.
D)in stem elongation.
E)on flowers.

Question 69

Thplant hormonthat inhibits abscission is

A)auxin.
B)gibberellin.
C)cytokinin.
D)abscisic acid.
E)ethylene.

Question 70

Thplant hormonthat promotes fruit ripening is

A)auxin.
B)gibberellin.
C)cytokinin.
D)abscisic acid.
E)ethylene.

Question 71

Thplant hormonthat promotes dormant buds in plants is

A)abscisic acid.
B)auxin.
C)gibberellin.
D)ethylene.
E)none of these.

Question 72

Which of thfollowing tropisms is thresponsto touch in plants?

A)gravitropism
B)phototropism
C)thigmotropism
D)mechanotropism
E)none of these

Question 73

Which of thfollowing is NOT accuratin describing a hormone?

A)Hormones produced by a particular species affect only that species.
B)Only those cells that have specific receptors can respond to any one hormone.
C)Hormones in general are produced by one cell and cause their effects in another cell.
D)Hormones are a type of signaling molecule.
E)Hormones are chemicals.

Question 74

__________ arstuffewith starch grains anoccur in throot cap cells of a plant.

A)Hypocotyls
B)Coleoptiles
C)Target cells
D)Statoliths
E)Radicles

Question 75

Thtarget cells for hormones

A)have special receptor (binding) sites.
B)are located in roots.
C)are no different from any other cells.
D)are located in the interior of the plant.
E)are all of these.

Question 76

Studies on thgrowth of coleoptiles involve

A)florigen.
B)ethylene.
C)auxin.
D)abscisic acid.
E)gibberellin.

Question 77

In contrast to most other plant hormones, which hormonis a germination inhibitor?

A)auxin
B)gibberellin
C)cytokinin
D)abscisic acid
E)ethylene

Question 78

Thplant hormonthat inhibits apical dominancis

A)auxin.
B)gibberellin.
C)cytokinin.
D)abscisic acid.
E)ethylene.

Question 79

Thplant hormonthat initiates formation of lateral roots is

A)auxin.
B)gibberellin.
C)cytokinin.
D)abscisic acid.
E)ethylene.

Question 80

Thonly plant hormonthat is gaseous is

A)auxin.
B)gibberellin.
C)cytokinin.
D)abscisic acid.
E)ethylene.