Deck 13: Engineering Psychology

Question 1

The application of human factors has resulted in safer automobiles.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Humans are superior to machines in storing and retrieving large amounts of data.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Engineering psychology was a precursor to time-and-motion study.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Engineering psychology is also known as ergonomics.

Question 5

Engineering psychology is concerned with the design of tools, equipment, and workspaces.

Question 6

"Hands should never be idle" is a rule for increasing the ease, speed, and accuracy of manual jobs.

Question 7

Workspace design involves principles of motion economy.

Question 8

The Gilbreths were promoters of scientific management and introduced the concept of incentive pay.

Question 9

Machines are superior to humans in detecting a range of stimuli, and detecting low level stimuli from a confusing background.

Question 10

Measurement of the body's physical structure is known as human anthropometry.

Question 11

The initial step in designing a person-machine system is allocating functions between human operators and machines.

Question 12

The economic benefit of applying ergonomic research generally takes years to materialize.

Question 13

Fully automated systems do not need to be monitored by humans.

Question 14

Today, time-and-motion study is applied mostly to routine jobs.

Question 15

In workspace design, all parts and tools should be within 28".

Question 16

Time-and-motion study was pioneered by Carl Rogers.

Question 17

A person-machine system is one in which human and mechanical components operate together to complete a task.

Question 18

Telematics refers to a branch of engineering psychology concerned with the measurement of the physical structure of the body.

Question 19

Engineering psychology evolved due to the complexity of weaponry in World War I.

Question 20

An advantage that machines have over humans is that they are more flexible.

Question 21

Auditory presentation of information is superior to visual presentation when the message is long or complex.

Question 22

Engineering psychology is considered a hybrid.Which of the following is a contributor to engineering psychology?

A)Medicine
B)Anthropology
C)Sociology
D)All are related and or contribute

Question 23

Check reading visual displays are the most complex of the visual displays.

Question 24

Auditory displays can attract attention more readily than visual displays.

Question 25

The guidelines for designing computer work stations suggest that the viewing angle to the monitor be at least 30 degrees.

Question 26

The cost of a robot is typically two thirds that of the average industrial employee.

Question 27

Paper format provides faster reading and higher comprehension than reading an article on a computer screen.

Question 28

Research indicates that alarm signals are frequently ignored.

Question 29

The introduction of the high-mounted break light on automobiles reduced rear-end collisions by percent.

A)10
B)25
C)50
D)75

Question 30

Which of the industries listed below was cited as having the best developed programs in human factors?

A)Electronics
B)Pharmaceutical
C)Energy
D)Business services

Question 31

Three types of auditory display are quantitative, qualitative, and check reading.

Question 32

Computer use can lead to a downgrading of human skills.

Question 33

Qualitative displays tell the operator whether the system is on or off, safe or unsafe, or operating normally or abnormally.

Question 34

Human factors research has reduced the chances of being involved in a crash.Which of the following contributes to automobile safety as a consequence of such research?

A)Brightness of headlights
B)Layout of controls
C)Position of tail lights
D)All the above

Question 35

Controls should be combined for similar operations.

Question 36

A driver's chance of being involved in a car crash is two times greater if they are using a cell phone.

Question 37

In designing controls, it is important to remember that hands are capable of exerting more force than feet.

Question 38

The same Human anthropometric measures can be used for Chinese and German workers.

Question 39

Engineering psychology is also known as _.

A)human factors
B)human engineering
C)ergonomics
D)all of the above

Question 40

Research indicates that leather seats in automobiles are more comfortable than fabric seats.

Question 41

The type of display for quantitative information that is read with fewest errors is .

A)quantitative
B)checking reading
C)qualitative
D)digital

Question 42

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth .

A)developed procedures to enhance UPS truck driver procedures
B)pioneered design of controls that resulted in enhanced aircraft safety during WWII
C)were interested in the mechanics of job performance so as to eliminate unnecessary motion
D)performed the first empirical demonstration of the relationship between work tools and worker efficiency

Question 43

Displays that present a precise numerical value, such as speed, altitude, or temperature, are called .

A)qualitative visual display
B)quantitative visual displays
C)check reading displays
D)numerical visual displays

Question 44

Which type of presentation of information should be used when the message is urgent?

A)Auditory
B)Digital
C)Open-window
D)Quantitative

Question 45

F.W.Taylor determined that the most efficient load in one full shovel was pounds.

A)10 1/2
B)21 1/2
C)30 1/2
D)60 1/2

Question 46

It is better to use machines than humans when .

A)The information to be stored and retrieved is small
B)There is only an occasional requirement for physical force
C)Engaging in non-repetitive activities
D)It is necessary to monitor reliably for lengthy periods

Question 47

When viewing the act of driving the car as a person-machine systems, the proper sequence of events involved in adjusting he speed of the car that we feel is traveling too fast is:

A)Human information processing - controls - displays
B)Displays - human information processing - controls - displays
C)Controls - human information processing - displays
D)None of the above

Question 48

In a study of 30 U.S.airline pilots, Olson and Sarter (2001) found all of the following except:

A)Automated systems increasingly made decisions without pilot interaction.
B)Pilots under pressure were unable to detect inappropriate control decisions by automated systems.
C)Pilots' skills were unaffected by the expansion of automated systems on commercial jets.
D)Pilots were being by-passed by automated systems when the systems initiated actions.

Question 49

Human anthropometry is concerned with .

A)the scientific study of group dynamics
B)measuring the physical structure of the body
C)time-and-motion study
D)digital displays

Question 50

Qualitative information is best displayed as _.

A)a precise numerical value
B)inconsistent patterning
C)a range
D)open-window display

Question 51

Which of the following is not a guideline for increasing the efficiency of manual jobs?

A)Hands should do tasks that otherwise could be performed by other parts of the body
B)Symmetrical movements of both hands
C)Hands should never be idle
D)Work materials should be held by a vice

Question 52

Which of the following was the first individual to introduce the concept of an incentive of higher pay?

A)Hugo Münsterberg
B)Frank Gilbreth
C)F.W.Taylor
D)Phil Zimbardo

Question 53

When designing a workspace, all parts and tools should be within comfortable reach (about inches).

A)8
B)18
C)28
D)38

Question 54

The first individual to perform an empirical demonstration of the relationship between work tools and worker efficiency was .

A)Frank Gilbreth
B)F.W.Taylor
C)Lillian Gilbreth
D)Phil Zimbardo

Question 55

The Gilbreths improved the efficiency of bricklaying by .

A)initiating the concept of incentive pay
B)eliminating unnecessary motions
C)emphasizing scientific management
D)changing the length and shape of the handle on the trowel

Question 56

A system in which human and mechanical components operate together to perform a task is known as .

A)Total Operating Systems
B)Man-Machine Systems
C)Person-Machine Systems
D)Complete Operating Systems (COS)

Question 57

One result of job simplification is .

A)enhanced job satisfaction
B)boredom
C)reduced turnover
D)higher quality

Question 58

It is more appropriate to use visual presentation of information in displays when .

A)message is long
B)environment is quiet
C)one kind of information is to be presented at a time
D)measurements are applied to the design of work areas

Question 59

A limitation of using machines to perform work is that _.

A)they are not very flexible
B)they can't learn from errors
C)they are unable to detect stimuli beyond human sensory capacities
D)a and b

Question 60

The two types of display for quantitative information are .

A)qualitative and digital
B)quantitative and digital
C)analog and digital
D)qualitative and analog

Question 61

Which of the following involves designing knobs for control panels in recognizably different shapes so they can be identified by touch alone?

A)Qualitative display
B)Quantitative display
C)Telemetric display
D)Shape coding

Question 62

The appropriate viewing angle for a computer monitor is degrees.

A)5-10
B)10-20
C)15-25
D)25-40

Question 63

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding placement of controls?

A)Consistency is important
B)Cultural differences are important
C)Emergency controls must be protected
D)Related controls should be grouped according to size

Question 64

is the guideline which states that no one limb should be given too many tasks and that hands are capable of greater precision than feet.

A)Control-task compatibility
B)Control-body matching
C)Combining related controls
D)Identification of controls

Question 65

The proper elbow angle for a computer operator is degrees.

A)90
B)80
C)100
D)105

Question 66

Which of the following is correct regarding human factors in everyday life?

A)The use of cell phones while driving is thought to contribute to accidents.
B)Voice activation of GPS would simplify the driver's task over manual activation.
C)Fabric upholstery is rated as more comfortable than leather for seats.
D)All the above
E)None of the above

Question 67

is the guideline which states that a control action should imitate the movement it produces.

A)Control-task compatibility
B)Control-body matching
C)Combining related controls
D)Identification of controls

Question 68

To avoid eyestrain and fatigue, the operator should be no more than inches from the monitor.

A)10-20
B)15-30
C)20-35
D)25-40

Question 69

The cost of a robot is typically that of the average industrial employee.

A)one-fourth
B)one-third
C)one-half
D)two-thirds

Question 70

A check reading display .

A)is the simplest kind of visual display
B)receives input from all directions at once
C)is a form of human anthrometry
D)is a form of digital display

Question 71

Why are auditory displays sometimes more compelling than visual displays?

A)Receive input from all directions
B)Ears are always open
C)Visual sense is often taxed to capacity
D)All of the above

Question 72

A warning light is the most common kind of display.

A)quantitative
B)qualitative
C)check-reading
D)combination

Question 73

A(n) display tells whether a system is on or off.

A)Quantitative
B)Check reading
C)Qualitative
D)Auditory

Question 74

According to Tabuchi (2008), Japanese management estimated that a single robot can replace human workers.

A)2
B)5
C)10
D)20

Question 75

Computer use can lead to which of the following?

A)Upgrading of human skills
B)Job satisfaction
C)Pain
D)Motivation

Question 76

Which of the following is not a guideline for the design of controls?

A)Control-body matching
B)Control-task compatibility
C)Combining related controls
D)Separating controls

Question 77

An electronic flight information system in an aircraft is an example of a display.

A)body matching
B)task compatibility
C)low-tech
D)high-tech