Deck 3: Cells

Question 1

What are the protein factories of the cell?

A) mitochondria
B) lysosomes
C) ribosomes
D) Golgi apparatus

Answer 1

ribosomes

Question 2

Which are rod-shaped structures that are important in cell division?

A) ribosomes
B) mitochondria
C) Golgi apparatus
D) centrioles

Answer 2

centrioles

Question 3

Which organelles can be called the "digestive bags" of the cell?

A) ribosomes
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) mitochondria
D) lysosomes

Answer 3

lysosomes

Question 4

What is the movement of water and solutes through a membrane because of hydrostatic pressure?

A) osmosis
B) diffusion
C) filtration
D) dialysis

Question 5

Which structure makes new membranes for the cell?

A) rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) Golgi apparatus
D) mitochondria

Question 6

Which of the following is not a function of the cell membrane?

A) protein synthesis
B) regulation of what moves into and out of the cell
C) identifying the cell
D) communication between cells

Question 7

What is the process by which substances scatter themselves evenly throughout an available space?

A) osmosis
B) diffusion
C) filtration
D) dialysis

Question 8

Tissue typing uses information

A) stored in the nucleus
B) found on the plasma membrane
C) found on the rough endoplasmic reticulum
D) found in the Golgi apparatus

Question 9

Only about half the population has which of the following organelles?

A) microvilli
B) cilia
C) flagella
D) The entire population has all of the above organelles.

Question 10

Because of specific base pairing,if one side of the DNA molecule has the nucleotide sequence of adenine - guanine - adenine - cytosine - thymine,the other side would be

A) adenine - guanine - adenine - cytosine - thymine
B) cytosine - thymine - cytosine - adenine - guanine
C) thymine - cytosine - thymine - guanine - adenine
D) There is no way to determine the other side of the molecule.

Question 11

Which of the following is not part of the cell?

A) plasma membrane
B) interstitial fluid
C) nucleus
D) All of the above are part of the cell.

Question 12

Which of the following are called the "power plants" of the cell?

A) ribosomes
B) mitochondria
C) Golgi apparatus
D) lysosomes

Question 13

Cellular respiration occurs in which organelle?

A) ribosome
B) centrioles
C) Golgi apparatus
D) mitochondria

Question 14

Which are small fingerlike projections on the plasma membrane that increase the cell's ability to absorb substances?

A) microvilli
B) cilia
C) flagella
D) rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

Which of the following is not part of the plasma membrane?

A) phospholipids
B) cholesterol
C) triglycerides
D) Neither B nor C is part of the cell membrane.

Question 16

Which organelle consists of tiny flattened sacs that help process and package chemicals in the cell?

A) ribosome
B) mitochondria
C) Golgi apparatus
D) lysosome

Question 17

Which organelle has a subunit made of RNA?

A) ribosome
B) mitochondria
C) Golgi apparatus
D) lysosomes

Question 18

Which structure has ribosomes attached to it and helps transport proteins throughout the cell?

A) rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) Golgi apparatus
D) mitochondria

Question 19

What is the movement of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration through a selectively permeable membrane?

A) osmosis
B) diffusion
C) filtration
D) dialysis

Question 20

Which are extremely fine hairlike structures on the surface of the cell?

A) cilia
B) microvilli
C) flagella
D) rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 21

If the DNA code is adenine - thymine - guanine,the messenger RNA sequence would be

A) adenine - thymine - guanine
B) thymine - adenine - cytosine
C) thymine - uracil - cytosine
D) uracil - adenine - cytosine

Question 22

During which phase of mitosis does a cleavage furrow begin to appear?

A) telophase
B) anaphase
C) metaphase
D) interphase

Question 23

Which process does not rely on active transport?

A) sodium-potassium pump
B) phagocytosis
C) pinocytosis
D) filtration

Question 24

The "protein factory" is another name for the ribosomes.

Question 25

Chromatin becomes "organized" during which phase of mitosis?

A) telophase
B) anaphase
C) metaphase
D) prophase

Question 26

If the messenger RNA code is adenine - uracil - cytosine,the transfer RNA bringing the amino acid would have which code?

A) adenine - uracil - cytosine
B) uracil - adenine - guanine
C) uracil - thymine - guanine
D) thymine - adenine - guanine

Question 27

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell?

A) anaphase
B) metaphase
C) prophase
D) telophase

Question 28

One of the jobs of the Golgi apparatus is to make new membranes for the cell.

Question 29

A codon consists of which number of nucleotides?

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 30

One function of the cell membrane is to identify the cell as belonging to a particular individual.

Question 31

Which organelle contains its own DNA molecule?

A) ribosome
B) mitochondria
C) Golgi apparatus
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 32

During which phase of mitosis do two nuclei appear and the chromosomes become less distinct?

A) anaphase
B) metaphase
C) interphase
D) telophase

Question 33

The term organelle refers to proteins that are embedded in the cell membrane.

Question 34

Both phospholipids and cholesterol are important parts of the cell membrane.

Question 35

Which structure programs the formation of ribosomes?

A) mitochondria
B) rough endoplasmic reticulum
C) nucleolus
D) Golgi apparatus

Question 36

Which term refers to an increase in cell size?

A) hyperplasia
B) hypertrophy
C) atrophy
D) anaplasia

Question 37

The fluid inside the cell is called interstitial fluid.

Question 38

Which term refers to an increase in the number of cells?

A) hyperplasia
B) hypertrophy
C) atrophy
D) anaplasia

Question 39

During which phase of mitosis are chromosomes aligned in the center of the cell?

A) telophase
B) anaphase
C) metaphase
D) prophase

Question 40

DNA replication occurs during which phase?

A) telophase
B) anaphase
C) metaphase
D) interphase

Question 41

The term complementary base pairing refers to the ability of the DNA nucleotide adenine to pair only with the nucleotide cytosine.

Question 42

The difference between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum is that the rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes attached to it.

Question 43

Both pinocytosis and phagocytosis are examples of active transport mechanisms.

Question 44

The cell membrane is able to efficiently move material because each ion pump can move a number of different substances.

Question 45

Both chromatin and chromosomes are made up of DNA.

Question 46

The nucleus is the only structure in the cell that contains DNA.

Question 47

Lysosomes are the "digestive bags" of the cell.

Question 48

Microvilli are small hairlike structures on the outer surface of the cells.

Question 49

The passive transport of material across the cell membrane requires the breakdown of ATP.

Question 50

Filtration requires different levels of hydrostatic pressure across a membrane.

Question 51

The Golgi apparatus consists of two small rods that play an important role in cell division.

Question 52

Osmosis and dialysis are both specialized examples of diffusion.

Question 53

The inability of the cell membrane to control the movement of the chloride ion into and out of the cell is the cause of both cystic fibrosis and cholera.

Question 54

The simplest definition of dialysis is the diffusion of water across a cell membrane.

Question 55

Diffusion of a substance across a cell membrane is an example of active transport.

Question 56

Pinocytosis comes from the Greek word meaning "cell eating."

Question 57

Cystic fibrosis is a disease that results from a failure of a passive transport mechanism in the cell membrane.

Question 58

The nucleolus is a structure in the nucleus that programs the formation of ribosomes.

Question 59

The only cells in humans that have flagella are sperm cells.

Question 60

Active transport moves material by a mechanism that is opposite that of diffusion.

Question 61

DNA and RNA differ in the number of strands they have,the type of sugar they have,and the types of nitrogen bases they have.

Question 62

The process of translation occurs in the nucleus.

Question 63

During telophase,two nuclei appear and the chromosomes become less distinct.

Question 64

If the DNA code is adenine - thymine - cytosine,the messenger RNA code would be thymine - adenine - guanine.

Question 65

If the DNA code is adenine - thymine - guanine,the transfer RNA code that would be called for would be adenine - uracil - guanine.

Question 66

The end product of the process of translation is an amino acid chain or protein.

Question 67

Both hyperplasia and hypertrophy can cause an increase in the size of a tissue or organ.

Question 68

If one side of a DNA molecule is adenine - guanine - cytosine - cytosine,the opposite side would be thymine - cytosine - guanine - cytosine.

Question 69

Atrophy can be defined as a decrease in the size of individual cells.

Question 70

The process of transcription occurs in the nucleus.

Question 71

If the messenger RNA code is uracil - adenine - guanine,the transfer RNA code would be adenine - uracil - cytosine.

Question 72

The term hyperplasia means a decrease in the size of individual cells.

Question 73

The end product of the process of transcription is a messenger RNA molecule.

Question 74

The term hypertrophy means that there has been an increase in size of individual cells.

Question 75

Chromatids form during prophase.

Question 76

During anaphase,the chromosomes align in the center of the cell.

Question 77

Hypertrophy and hyperplasia are interchangeable terms.

Question 78

DNA replication occurs during prophase of mitosis.

Question 79

The cleavage furrow begins to appear during telophase.

Question 80

A gene and a nucleotide are the same thing.