Deck 9: Noncommunicable Diseases

Question 1

Suzanne, a PHN, has taken on an internship with the World Health Organization. She is working with a team focused on reducing heart disease in low-income countries. She is aware that the life expectancy is lower but was not familiar with other measures to help understand the burden of disease. She learns that the further analysis of the burden of disease examines how much the disease, injury, or risk factor contribute to:
1)Overall disability and premature death in the population.
2)Overall capacity in the country to prevent disease and premature death in the population.
3)Overall premature death in the population and infrastructure capacity to prevent disease in the country.
4)Overall capacity with the country to prevent and treat disease.

Answer 1

1

Question 2

When a nurse works with a patient diagnosed with heart disease to help build a plan for long-term management of the disease, which of the following is not one of the common behavioral level risk factors that the patient can modify?
1)Tobacco use
2)Access to health-care services
3)Amount of exercise
4)Nutrition

Answer 2

2

Question 3

A cardiovascular nurse working at a large medical center is examining the evidence on how to help her patients who smoke. Which of the following is an evidence-based behavioral level intervention aimed at reducing harm associated with tobacco use?
1)Implementing a tobacco-free campus policy at the medical center
2)Offering a smoking cessation counseling program to her patients
3)Advocating for stricter package warnings on cigarette packages
4)Asking the public health department to put up billboards near schools to promote prevention of smoking in adolescents

Answer 3

2

Question 4

To educate their patients about the risks of developing NCDs, nurses might share which of the following facts?
1)NCDs are the number one cause of death in the United States.
2)Risk for NCD is not affected by individual behaviors, the environment, and socioeconomic factors.
3)Prevention occurs across the continuum starting with primary prevention during the perinatal period through tertiary prevention measures such as chronic disease self-management (CDSM) programs.
4)Both A and C.

Question 5

When the nurse is applying the chronic care model when seeing patients, she or he is:
1)Focused on treating an acute care phase of the NCD.
2)Focused on short-term management of the disease.
3)Focused on long-term management of disease.
4)Focused on a primary prevention framework.

Question 6

Nurses working with patients who have chronic noncommunicable disease (NCDs) assess them based on specific risk factors. The four common modifiable risk factors that account for much of the NCDs in the U.S. are:
1)Poor nutrition, low physical activity, medication adherence, and tobacco use.
2)Poor nutrition, low physical activity, tobacco use, and alcohol use.
3)Low physical activity, tobacco use, illicit drug use, and poor nutrition.
4)Age, tobacco use, poor nutrition, and low physical activity.

Question 7

Cardiovascular nurses know that more than a third of adults have two or more risk factors for heart disease and stroke, which may include:
1)High blood pressure.
2)An inactive lifestyle.
3)Both A and B.
4)Normal body weight.

Question 8

A PHN evaluating an increase in lung cancer cases in a certain area would conduct which of the following epidemiological studies to help understand the rising incidence in cases? (Select all that apply.)
1)Conduct a retrospective cohort study.
2)Examine hospital discharge data.
3)Examine cancer registry data.
4)Conduct a clinical trial to test the intervention chosen.
5)Examine results of a health-related quality-of-life questionnaire.

Question 9

A PHN, concerned about the increase in NCDs in a community, could include in his/her assessment of the community which of the following?
1)Socioeconomic risk
2)Genetic predispositions
3)Behavioral factors
4)All of the above

Question 10

When screening a patient for NCD risk, a nurse reviews the social determinants of health, including which of the following?
1)The social gradient
2)Early life
3)Work life
4)All of the above

Question 11

A public health nurse (PHN) employs which two type of studies to help determine whether specific risk factors are associated with the development of disease?
1)Case-control study, cohort study
2)Cohort study, cross-sectional survey
3)Cross-sectional study, case-control study
4)Clinical trial, cross-sectional survey

Question 12

A nurse working with adult patients diagnosed with diabetes noted that most of them were obese and that this is a risk factor not only for developing the disease but for morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. The nurse knows that a body mass index of ____ indicates a person is obese.

A)25-29.9
B) $\ge$ 30
C)18.5-24.9
D) $\ge$ 40

Question 13

A nurse working in a community clinic understands that lack of access to health care can increase the risk for morbidity and mortality related to NCD. Which of the following is not associated with access to care?
1)Available transportation to services
2)Adequate health insurance
3)Adherence to medication regimen
4)Number of health-care providers in the community

Question 14

Nurses working on a medical unit focused on treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) decide to put together a program to reduce risk for the development of CVD and reduce morbidity in persons who have already been diagnosed with CVD. They include in their program all but which of the following?
1)How to incorporate healthy eating habits into their daily menu
2)How to get genetic testing
3)How to self-manage CVD
4)How to increase their amount of daily exercise

Question 15

Nurses working with diabetes patients know that this noncommunicable chronic disease (NCD) has which of the following characteristics? (Select all that apply.)
1)It cannot be prevented by a vaccination.
2)It cannot be cured by a medication.
3)It requires long-term management.
4)It is not affected by weight.
5)It does not require lifestyle changes such as regular exercise.

Question 16

In caring for patients with noncommunicable diseases (NCD), nurses in a primary care clinic must not only understand the pathophysiology of the disease but also must primarily:
1)Focus on the acute stage of disease.
2)Focus on the full continuum of the disease.
3)Focus on screening for disease. Conduct research related to treatment of the disease.
4)Focus on primary prevention.

Question 17

Nurses working with patients who have a noncommunicable disease (NCD) consider it important to know about the burden of disease associated with a specific disease primarily because it does which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
1)Takes into account what impact the disease will have on the community as a whole
2)Provides an overview of the disease's social and economic impact
3)Helps determine promotion and prevention efforts targeting most common NCDs
4)Does not take into account the cost of treatment
5)Is specific to disease only and does not include injury