Deck 36: European Imperialism and Africa During the Age of Industry

Question 1

It could most accurately be stated of the European states during the colonial era in Africa that

A) Germany, France, and Italy all sought national glory and honor almost as much as they did colonies.
B) Germans wanted to outpace Spain, their traditional rivals.
C) Germany wanted to take back the areas of Alsace and Lorraine, which had remained in French hands after their last conflict.
D) France and Germany each managed to seize the most significant areas.
E) Only the British and the Germans managed to take over areas of Africa where they actually found large markets.

Answer 1

Germany, France, and Italy all sought national glory and honor almost as much as they did colonies.

Question 2

One of the main reasons that industrialized countries sought colonies during the late 1800s was that they

A) wanted to depress the supply of goods so that they could raise prices at home.
B) felt the need to keep military forces in place farther away from the home countries.
C) were looking for new places to build the needed new factories, where labor would be cheaper.
D) needed new markets for all the products their factories were turning out in the midst of a depression.
E) were naturally competitive with each other, especially with the new economic doctrine of mercantilism.

Answer 2

needed new markets for all the products their factories were turning out in the midst of a depression.

Question 3

Elaborate on how Africans resisted.

Answer 3

Answers would include primary and secondary resistance,assimilation and withdraw by elites,role of Islam and Samori Toure.

Question 4

The Berlin Conference of 1884

A) divided up most of Africa among the colonial powers.
B) created a boundary system that has proved unalterable and is still in existence today.
C) launched Germany's military campaigns in Africa.
D) led to a treaty among Germany, France, and the Netherlands for the division of the Congo.
E) stated that since the Africans were heathens, the Europeans had a duty to Christianize them.

Question 5

The main reason Europeans were interested in the Belgian Congo was a desire to

A) explore the Congo River.
B) maintain a trading center there.
C) extract slaves for the American trade.
D) extract gold.
E) take advantage of its natural resources.

Question 6

Portugal's main concern during the imperial period was

A) to prevent Germany and France from keeping the few colonies the Portuguese still possessed.
B) to maintain a friendship with France so its ships could use the Suez Canal.
C) the threat of being incorporated into Spain while other European countries were preoccupied with Africa.
D) trying to hold on to more land in Africa than Spain possessed.
E) maintaining their pace of industrialization at home.

Question 7

Elaborate on the overall impact of imperialism on Africa.

Question 8

After European colonization,prestige in African villages shifted to

A) individuals from respected lineages.
B) those who accommodated the Europeans.
C) those who acquired wealth.
D) families which controlled land.
E) those owning large herds of cattle.

Question 9

Which of these statements is most descriptive of the European nations in the 1880s?

A) Germany was only beginning to unify and industrialize.
B) France was acquiring territory to reclaim French honor.
C) Portugal was aggressively acquiring territory.
D) Italy had successfully gained the most valuable land.
E) Both B and C are correct.

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why Europeans went into Africa in the 1880s?

A) European politics were finally peaceful.
B) The geographic information was now sufficient.
C) Western Europe had drained all its natural resources.
D) Europeans finally had the weapons needed to fight Africans.
E) None of the options are correct.

Question 11

How did African society change as a result of European imperialism.

Question 12

Large African markets that the Europeans wanted for their excess industrial goods never emerged,because

A) Africans resented European intrusion in their lives.
B) most Africans had no use for modern products.
C) the Europeans only sent inferior goods to Africa.
D) the Africans never had adequate cash incomes to spend on consumer goods.
E) the costs of shipping goods to Africa proved to be too high.

Question 13

What impact did imperialism have on Europe?

Question 14

The only two African countries to remain free from colonization were

A) Kenya and Somalia.
B) Ethiopia and Morocco.
C) Libya and Morocco.
D) Liberia and Ethiopia.
E) Kenya and Ethiopia.

Question 15

The person who coined the phrase "white man's burden" was

A) a U.S. president.
B) a well-known writer.
C) a famous explorer.
D) an Anti-Slavery movement leader.
E) a prime minister.

Question 16

How did Europe justify their "scramble"? How was it put into practice?

Question 17

Who put the most pressure on Britain and Germany to find new markets during the late 1800s?

A) The United States.
B) Their parliaments.
C) Leading industrialists.
D) The kings.
E) The labor unions.

Question 18

Discuss the underlying issues in Europe that prompted the Scramble for Africa.Provide specific examples.

Question 19

Europeans did not achieve much control in sub-Saharan Africa until

A) the late 1800s.
B) about 1920.
C) the 1950s.
D) the early 1700s.
E) about 1850.

Question 20

In French and British colonies,conquered African elites usually

A) committed suicide rather than surrender sovereignty.
B) withdrew as far as possible from contact with their oppressors.
C) attempted to become like their new masters.
D) endeavored to retain as much of their native culture as possible.
E) regrouped and led resistance movements against the colonizers.

Question 21

The majority of Africans at this time

A) lived in rural areas.
B) had increasing complex standards of living.
C) were mostly literate.
D) mostly engaged in subsistence farming.
E) All of the options are correct.

Question 22

The idea that Europeans had the obligation to bring the benefits of civilization to Africans and Asians was expressed as the ____________________.

Question 23

Primary forms of resistance by the African peoples to European takeovers involved

A) gathering as many people as possible to fight.
B) focusing on traditional African beliefs.
C) usually spontaneous attacks in response to a particular European action.
D) several different ethnic groups coming together to fight the Europeans.
E) None of the options are correct.

Question 24

The standard for the recognition of territory claims was

A) effective occupation.
B) titles and deeds.
C) judicial recognition.
D) papal recognition.
E) None of the options are correct.

Question 25

The only major European nation to lose in battle to an African army was ____________________.

Question 26

____________________ was beginning to successfully challenge England economically.

Question 27

Regardless of official policies of their central governments,local European rulers

A) often made strong friendships among the locals.
B) discouraged missionaries in their work, feeling that the home countries had no real idea what went on in Africa.
C) visited with the people to try to improve relations so they would work harrier.
D) in some cases made a kind of peace with the Africans, but many did not.
E) preferred the colonies with the largest numbers of Europeans living within them.

Question 28

In West-Central Africa during the colonial period,

A) the main focus of Europeans was to exploit the region's mineral resources, including rubber and copper.
B) half the natives perished within twenty years due to the brutality of the Belgians.
C) the colony was a royal colony.
D) All of the options are correct.
E) None of the options are correct.

Question 29

Which of these groups were,according to your text,probably most important for the "evolution of African culture"?

A) Merchants
B) Missionaries
C) Administrators
D) Monarchs
E) None of these options are correct.

Question 30

Many Africans relied on which of the following religions as an effective way to resist Europeans?

A) Christianity
B) Zoroastrianism
C) Buddhism
D) Islam
E) Jainism

Question 31

Effective occupation included all of the following EXCEPT

A) Proof Africans in the territory had ceded authority.
B) The establishment of a European bureaucracy.
C) Treaties and conquest.
D) Mass conversion to Catholicism by the African population.
E) All of the options are correct.

Question 32

Many traditional African boundaries were based on which of the following?

A) Geographic barriers.
B) Trade routes.
C) Traditional African beliefs.
D) Age-old agreements.
E) Egyptian boundaries.

Question 33

Which of the following best describes the attention Europeans paid to traditional African ways?

A) Disgust
B) Intense study
C) Disregard
D) Emulation
E) Both B and D are correct.

Question 34

A collective hope of the European countries colonizing Africa was that their colonies would be

A) places to which they could re-settle their excess population.
B) sources of great wealth that would help them to balance their economies.
C) places from which they could obtain household servants, since most of theirs had taken jobs in the factories.
D) good sources from which they could obtain much needed mineral resources.
E) areas where they would at least break even by implementing cash cropping.

Question 35

When Europeans began to use their colonies to produce crops for export ("cash crops"),the usual result was

A) not very favorable, as people back in Europe spurned foods grown in African soil.
B) an economic disaster, because native peoples would from that time on be subject to the world economy.
C) a rising standard of living for such colonies.
D) a period of stagnation, after which the British led the way of conquering Africa.
E) None of the options are correct.

Question 36

What was the purpose of the British policy of Indirect Rule?

A) To force Africans to convert to Christianity.
B) To assimilate Africans into European thought and culture in order to "civilize" them.
C) To force African traditional rulers to send their children to school.
D) To make use of traditional African rulers to assist in administering the colonies.
E) None of the options are correct.

Question 37

The European nation with best area in Africa in terms of natural resources was

A) Belgium
B) England
C) France
D) Italy
E) Portugal

Question 38

Which of these was not commonly a part of Africans' "secondary resistance" to the Europeans?

A) It usually involved thousands of people.
B) People from various ethnic groups banded together for the cause.
C) People came from wide regions to join in the fight.
D) Prophets of spirit-possessed cults blessed the people, promising them safety and protection.
E) Openly practicing Christianity to gain concessions.

Question 39

The Berlin Conference allowed King ____________________ of ____________________ control of the Congo Basin.

Question 40

Despite their original intentions,few European countries ever

A) achieved total control over Africans.
B) managed to explore Africa's more remote regions.
C) found a way to make agriculture very profitable.
D) built up strong colonial markets for their products from home.
E) gained anything like a monopoly control over their particular colonies.

Question 41

African elites in areas controlled by Belgium,Italy,Portugal or Germany mostly chose to ____________________ from the overlords.

Question 42

The main methods used by the French in controlling their colonies were ____________________ and ____________________.

Question 43

The only two African countries to maintain their independence throughout the colonial period were ____________________ and ____________________.

Question 44

____________________ was the most famous British capitalist and private empire builder in Africa.

Question 45

More and more young Africans sought out ____________________ ways.

Question 46

In the system of ____________________ rule,the British relied on local assistants to help them govern.