Deck 21: Dermatological Diseases

Question 1

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
During an outside gym class, a high school student was stung on the lip by a bee. After determining that the student was not allergic to bee stings, which treatment should the school nurse recommend to soothe the sting? Select all that apply.

A)Apply vinegar and oil drops to the site of the sting.
B)Create a paste of baking soda and water and apply to the lip.
C)Wash the lip with cool water and apply ice to the sting.
D)Take an over-the-counter antihistamine.
E)Apply a hot pack to the lip.

Answer 1

Create a paste of baking soda and water and apply to the lip.
Wash the lip with cool water and apply ice to the sting.
Take an over-the-counter antihistamine.

Question 2

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
The school nurse is educating preschool parents about the management of lice infestation, which has currently become a problem among the students. Which recommendations should the nurse include in the caregiver education? Select all that apply.

A)Use a pediculicide shampoo every day and let the hair air dry.
B)Use a fine-toothed comb to remove nits from wet hair.
C)Apply mayonnaise to the hair and cover with a plastic cap.
D)Wash clothing and bedding in hot soapy water and dry on hot cycle.
E)Wash hair with a regular shampoo daily and blow dry with a cool setting.

Answer 2

Use a fine-toothed comb to remove nits from wet hair.
Apply mayonnaise to the hair and cover with a plastic cap.
Wash clothing and bedding in hot soapy water and dry on hot cycle.

Question 3

A teenager suffered second-degree burns of the face and hands while at a campfire that burned out of control. Emergency treatment is provided, and the patient is then admitted to a burn treatment center. Which nursing action should the nurse perform first?

A)Place a nasogastric tube for feeding.
B)Monitor intake and output.
C)Check wound for infection.
D)Maintain adequate airway and oxygen supply.

Answer 3

Maintain adequate airway and oxygen supply.

Question 4

An eighth-grade student appears in the school infirmary with a skin manifestation that itches. He states that it began on the way to school after he took a shortcut through a field. The nurse performs a skin assessment and finds areas of erythema with streaks and patches on both legs. She determines that he is exhibiting signs of contact dermatitis. What is the first action that the nurse should take?

A)Alert the child's parents.
B)Apply cool, wet compresses.
C)Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water.
D)Contact medical help by notifying the child's health-care provider.

Question 5

Parents of a toddler with eczema are concerned about alleviating discomfort from itching and preventing infection, since constant scratching has been an issue. They ask the nurse what measures they can take to care for their child. The nurse creates a teaching sheet to provide information regarding the care of a patient with eczema. Which concept should the nurse include on the teaching?

A)Maintain hydration of the skin.
B)Bathe frequently with warm to hot water using mild soaps.
C)Apply cool, wet compresses four times daily.
D)Avoid use of fabric softeners.

Question 6

A 15-month-old toddler has a strange rash on his nose and mouth. It contains papules and vesicles and has a honeylike, glazed look. The toddler has a history of eczema, but the nurse differentiates the features of the presenting rash and explains that he has developed a secondary infection. What is the treatment of choice for this type of dermatological disease?

A)Bath the skin daily with hydrogen peroxide.
B)Apply Caladryl lotion to dry the lesions.
C)Use an antiviral lotion as ordered for 7 to 10 days.
D)Administer topical antibiotics as ordered until the skin is clear.

Question 7

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
The nurse is providing care for an 8-year-old child who was treated for a cat bite. Before discharging the child home, the nurse plans a play session, with the parents included, that focuses on safety around animals and pets in the home. What points would the nurse present during the session? Select all that apply.

A)Avoidance of animals while the wound is healing
B)Importance of not disturbing animals while they are sleeping or eating
C)Diseases that pets can transmit to humans, such as tetanus
D)Supervision of young children and pets
E)Stopping antibiotics when the redness and swelling go down

Question 8

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
The nurse is preparing a home-care plan for a child whose leg wound cultured positive for MRSA. Which information should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

A)Do not share towels or any personal care items.
B)Wash hands with soap, rubbing for 30 seconds before rinsing.
C)Line dry clothes after washing.
D)Disinfect surfaces with bleach effective for MRSA.
E)Leave the wound open to air.

Question 9

A 6-month-old infant presents to the clinic with a diaper rash. The nurse observes a well-demarcated rash and satellite lesions on buttocks and legs. Based on the assessment, which treatment will the nurse recommend?

A)An antiviral medication
B)Baby powder application at each diaper change
C)An ointment containing nystatin (Mycostatin)
D)A hydrocortisone ointment

Question 10

An adolescent is brought to the health-care provider's office for evaluation of an arm lesion that is swollen, red, and warm. There is also a fluid weeping from the wound. The nurse should anticipate which test will most likely be ordered?

A)X-ray of the extremity
B)Culture and sensitivity of the fluid
C)Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP)
D)Skin biopsy

Question 11

A teenager is being cared for in the emergency department after being trapped in a garage fire at her home. Partial-thickness burns are present on the side of the face, as well as on both arms. Which nursing action is the highest priority?

A)Apply cool compresses to the burns.
B)Remove all clothing from the patient.
C)Give pain medication as ordered.
D)Give 100% humidified oxygen.

Question 12

A 15-year-old male is very distressed about the skin problems on his face, neck, and back. He has whiteheads on his face and some blackheads. The nurse educates him about acne and designs a plan of care to use to treat and prevent skin eruptions. Which statement should the nurse include when teaching about skin care?

A)Chocolate should be eliminated from the diet.
B)It is important to use oil-based lotions.
C)Squeezing whiteheads should be done only after a thorough cleansing.
D)Keep hair clean and off the face.

Question 13

A 7-year-old with a myelomeningocele is paralyzed from the waist to her feet. She is either in bed or in a chair day and night. A physical evaluation is performed regularly to check skin integrity. While conducting a skin assessment, the nurse finds a partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis on the sacrum. How does the nurse classify this pressure ulcer on the assessment form?

A)First-degree pressure ulcer
B)Second-degree pressure ulcer
C)Deep tissue pressure ulcer
D)Unstageable ulcer

Question 14

An 86-month-old child is brought to the well-baby clinic for her immunizations. The nurse observes that the child's extremities are bright red, with a few blisters. The nurse questions the mother about the extent of sun exposure and determines that the child has a second-degree sunburn. After administering the immunization, the nurse provides education about sunburn prevention to the infant's mother. Which statement by the mother indicates that she needs more teaching?

A)"I make sure to avoid the midday sun."
B)"I apply sunscreen right after we get to the pool."
C)"At the pool, we do not sit close to the water."
D)"I will try to buy clothes that have SPF protection."

Question 15

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
The nurse educator of a burn unit is developing a counseling module for an adolescent who was burned in a house fire. Which of the following should be included in the discharge counseling for the adolescent and the adolescent's parents? Select all that apply.

A)Feelings of anxiety, guilt, and depression may be experienced.
B)Post-traumatic stress declines over the first 2 to 3 months.
C)Post-traumatic stress is often at its worse immediately after the incident.
D)There may be a lack of support groups in which to participate.
E)Patients may have body image disturbance 2 years after the injury.

Question 16

Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
A high school freshman visits the school nurse to ask how she can get rid of the warts on her hands. She is embarrassed what her friends will think if they notice them, and she fears spreading them to others. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply.

A)Plantar or palmar warts are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).
B)Hand hygiene should be performed after touching warts.
C)Old warts can be picked or scraped off as they become dry.
D)Cryosurgery is an option once she reaches age 18.
E)A patch with salicylic acid (Duofilm) is helpful to dissolve warts.

Question 17

A 5-year-old child is brought to the urgent care center for treatment of a bite. The nurse asks what happened, and the parent explains that the child disturbed their pet cat while it was sleeping. The cat was started and bit the child. Which intervention should the nurse perform first?

A)Question the mother about the cat's rabies vaccination status.
B)Wash the wound with large amounts of sterile saline under pressure.
C)Apply a butterfly adhesive dressing.
D)Determine when the child last received a tetanus immunization.

Question 18

A junior high school student is cooking in the home economics room when some oil splashes on her fingers and hand. She immediately rinses her hand with cool tap water. The skin is not broken, but soon, a blister begins to form. The teacher sends the student to the school nurse for evaluation and treatment. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?

A)Apply ice to the burned area for 20 minutes.
B)Soak the burn in cool water and apply aloe vera cream.
C)Puncture the blister with a sterile needle.
D)Apply baby oil and wrap with a sterile dressing.

Question 19

The clinical nursing instructor gives a lecture regarding maintenance of skin integrity while caring for a hospitalized child. Later, one of the nursing students is caring for a hospitalized child. Which action by the nursing student demonstrates that the teaching was effective?

A)Changes the location of the pulse oximeter every 2 hours
B)Trims the infant's fingernails and toenails
C)Scrubs the infant vigorously with every diaper change
D)Holds the infant in a rocking chair for an hour

Question 20

A school nurse is examining a third-grade student complaining of a small lump on her head. After parting the hair, it is evident that a tick has embedded into the scalp. Which nursing intervention should the school nurse take?

A)Apply mineral oil to the site of attachment and wait for the tick to back out.
B)Squeeze the tick and pull it off with bare fingers.
C)Spray DEET directly on to the child's skin where the tick is embedded.
D)Use tweezers or forceps to remove the tick, pulling up with steady pressure.