Deck 7: Newborns and Infants

Question 1

Vitamin K is given at birth because it

A) assists in promoting brain growth.
B) is essential for myelinization in the brain.
C) is synthesized by bacteria in the colon, so that the infant is born with a sterile colon.
D) is responsible for aiding in digestion of simple sugars.

Answer 1

Required: " Vitamin K is given at birth because it___."
Justification: "Vitamin K" helps induce blood clotting and prevents bleeding. Bacteria in the colon help to create this nutrient.
The intestinal tract in a newborn is germ-free and Vitamin K is not yet available. A dose of 1mg Vitamin K1 is given at birth to prevent excessive bleeding.
Hence, the correct answer is Prevents hemorrhage because an infant is unable to produce Vitamin K.

Question 2

At birth, the nurse should suction the infant using which method?

A) Nose first, then mouth
B) Mouth first, then nose
C) Mouth only
D) Either order

Answer 2

Situation: Clearing the airways is a priority in providing care to a newborn child.
Required: The steps in performing suction to an infant
Justification: Newborns primarily breathe through the nose. Performing suction on the nose first may cause the infant to gasp and breathe in fluid. The appropriate action is to do suction at the mouth first, then the nose to prevent blocking the airways.
Hence, the correct answer is (B) "Mouth first, then nose"

Question 3

Separation anxiety is a normal occurrence in infants beginning primarily around the age of

A) 1 month.
B) 2 months.
C) 4 months.
D) 8 months.

Answer 3

Situation: Separation anxiety is an experience that is normal to infants.
Required: The age when a child experiences Separation Anxiety
Justification: "Separation Anxiety" is a stage in a child's life wherein they are afraid of being left by their caregivers for fear that something bad may happen. This is normal during 8 to 14 months.
Hence, the correct answer is (D) "8 months."

Question 4

According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, an infant less than 1 year of age is in which stage?

A) Preoperational
B) Sensorimotor
C) Concrete
D) Sensual

Question 5

By 6 months of age, infants should

A) triple the birth weight.
B) gain 4 pounds per month.
C) double the birth weight.
D) lose weight if not eating table food.

Question 6

The caregiver brings her 7-month-old infant to the clinic for a regular checkup. When assessing this infant, the nurse would expect to see which developmental functions?

A) Sits up without support
B) Pulls oneself to a stand
C) Rolls over front to back only
D) Reaches for toys

Question 7

By what age does attainment of developmental milestones or lack thereof become very apparent to both caregivers and health providers?

A) 2 weeks of age
B) 2 months of age
C) 9 months of age
D) 2 years of age

Question 8

The mother of a 4-month-old tells the nurse that her baby is taking juice in the afternoon and whole milk at all other feedings. Which of the following is the best response by the nurse?

A) "That should be fine."
B) "Juice should not be given until 1 year of age, but the milk is fine."
C) "The infant should be kept on formula only until after the first birthday."
D) "The juice is fine, but switch the baby to 2% milk."

Question 9

When are infants at risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?

A) 2 weeks to 2 months of age
B) 6 months to 8 months of age
C) 4 months to 6 months of age
D) 2 months to 4 months of age

Question 10

The research on shaken baby syndrome describes the primary offenders as being

A) young unmarried mothers.
B) older mothers 35 years of age.
C) young fathers.
D) siblings.