Deck 9: Data Design

Question 1

In a file-oriented information system, a security file ____.

A) stores relatively permanent data about an entity
B) is created and saved for backup and recovery purposes
C) stores records that contain day-to-day business and operational data
D) is a temporary file created by an information system for a single task

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A data ____, which is a framework for organizing and storing data, consists of one or more files or tables.

A) structure
B) roster
C) index
D) integral

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A(n) ____ is a collection of tools, features, and interfaces that enables users to add, update, manage, access, and analyze the contents of a database.

A) RMS
B) DBMS
C) scale set
D) HCI

Answer 3

B

Question 4

A(n) ____, which is used to access stored data, allows a user to specify a task without specifying how the task will be accomplished.

A) machine language
B) assembly language
C) query language
D) markup language

Question 5

HTML uses formatting codes called ____, which specify how the text and visual elements on a Web page will be displayed in a Web browser.

A) entities
B) schema
C) tags
D) blocks

Question 6

A data ____ language controls database operations, including storing, retrieving, updating, and deleting data.

A) manipulation
B) manufacturing
C) schema
D) dynamic

Question 7

In a file-oriented information system, a master file ____.

A) stores relatively permanent data about an entity
B) is created and saved for backup and recovery purposes
C) stores records that contain day-to-day business and operational data
D) is a temporary file created by an information system for a single task

Question 8

In a file-oriented information system, a work file ____.

A) stores relatively permanent data about an entity
B) is created and saved for backup and recovery purposes
C) stores records that contain day-to-day business and operational data
D) is a temporary file created by an information system for a single task

Question 9

JDBC enables ____ applications to exchange data with any database that uses SQL statements and is compliant with the standard.

A) HTML
B) Web
C) Perl
D) Java

Question 10

The complete definition of a database, including descriptions of all fields, tables, and relationships, is called a(n) ____.

A) connective
B) schema
C) exchange
D) collective

Question 11

Many database programs generate ____, which is a language that allows PC client workstations to communicate with servers and mainframe computers.

A) DDE
B) DBL
C) DML
D) SQL

Question 12

In a typical file processing environment, ____ problems can occur if updates are not applied in every file.

A) rigid data structure
B) data integrity
C) referential integrity
D) data redundancy

Question 13

In a file-oriented information system, a transaction file ____.

A) stores relatively permanent data about an entity
B) is created and saved for backup and recovery purposes
C) stores records that contain day-to-day business and operational data
D) is a temporary file created by an information system for a single task

Question 14

One problem in a file processing environment is ____, which means that data common to two or more information systems is stored in several places.

A) rigid data structure
B) data integrity
C) referential integrity
D) data redundancy

Question 15

____ means that a system can be expanded, modified, or downsized easily to meet the rapidly changing needs of a business enterprise.

A) Scalability
B) Compatibility
C) Cardinality
D) Functionality

Question 16

During the systems design phase, ____ fields are used to organize, access, and maintain data structures.

A) glossary
B) tabular
C) content
D) key

Question 17

With a(n) ____ language, the user provides an example of the data requested.

A) SQL
B) IDE
C) QBE
D) interpolated

Question 18

To bridge the gap between a database and the Web and enable data to be viewed and updated, it is necessary to use ____, which is software that integrates different applications and allows them to exchange data.

A) middleware
B) hardware
C) shareware
D) freeware

Question 19

A ____ is a text document written in HTML.

A) Web browser
B) Web page
C) Web server
D) Web site

Question 20

____ is an industry-standard protocol that makes it possible for software from different vendors to interact and exchange data

A) JDBC
B) JVC
C) ODBC
D) OEC

Question 21

In the accompanying figure, a ____ is a field or combination of fields that uniquely and minimally identifies a particular member of an entity.

A) primary key
B) common key
C) secondary key
D) combination key

Question 22

A(n) ____ is a graphical model of an information system that depicts the relationships among system entities.

A) SQL
B) OCE
C) ODBC
D) ERD

Question 23

One type of validity check, called ____ integrity, is a set of rules that avoids data inconsistency and quality problems.

A) candidate
B) combinatorial
C) referential
D) foreign

Question 24

Some abbreviation codes are called ____ codes because they use a specific combination of letters that are easy to remember.

A) harmonic
B) sequence
C) mnemonic
D) rhapsodic

Question 25

In the accompanying figure, any field that could serve as a primary key is called a ____.

A) secondary key
B) candidate key
C) combination key
D) foreign key

Question 26

____ is the process of creating table designs by assigning specific fields or attributes to each table in a database.

A) Encapsulation
B) Normalization
C) Standardization
D) Encryption

Question 27

____ describes how instances of one entity relate to instances of another entity.

A) Scalability
B) Compatibility
C) Cardinality
D) Functionality

Question 28

Any field that is not a primary key or a candidate key is called a ____ key.

A) combination
B) nonkey
C) secondary
D) foreign

Question 29

Most date formats now are based on the model established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which requires a format of ____.

A) two digits for the year, two for the month, and two for the day (YYMMDD)
B) two digits for the year, four for the month, and two for the day (YYMMMMDD)
C) four digits for the year, two for the month, and two for the day (YYYYMMDD)
D) four digits for the year, two for the month, and four for the day (YYYYMMDDDD)

Question 30

When a system reads a physical record, it loads the data from storage into a ____, which is a segment of computer memory.

A) client
B) table
C) password
D) buffer

Question 31

____ codes use a keyword to encode a number.

A) Cipher
B) Identifier
C) Encryption
D) Associative

Question 32

A(n) ____ is a set of letters or numbers that represents a data item.

A) syntax
B) data dictionary
C) mnemonic
D) code

Question 33

In the accompanying figure, a ____ is a field in one table that must match a primary key value in another table in order to establish the relationship between the two tables.

A) secondary key
B) candidate key
C) combination key
D) foreign key

Question 34

____ codes are numbers or letters assigned in a specific order.

A) Sequence
B) Category
C) Significant digit
D) Derivation

Question 35

____ is the process of converting readable data into unreadable characters to prevent unauthorized access to the data.

A) Encapsulation
B) Normalization
C) Standardization
D) Encryption

Question 36

In an entity-relationship diagram, entities are represented as ____.

A) triangles
B) circles
C) rectangles
D) hexagons

Question 37

When a primary key combines two or more fields, it is called any of the following EXCEPT a ____ key.

A) constructed
B) composite
C) combination
D) concatenated

Question 38

In the event of a file catastrophe, ____ can be used to restore the file or database to its current state at the time of the last backup.

A) recovery procedures
B) crow's foot notation
C) audit log files
D) standard notation format

Question 39

____ codes combine data from different item attributes, or characteristics, to build the code.

A) Sequence
B) Category
C) Significant digit
D) Derivation

Question 40

One common method of indicating ____ is called crow's foot notation because of the shapes, which include circles, bars, and symbols that indicate various possibilities.

A) scalability
B) compatibility
C) cardinality
D) functionality

Question 41

A ____ contains data about people, places, things, or events that interact with a system.

A) record
B) column
C) table
D) file

Question 42

In a file-oriented information system, a table file is a file created for historical or archiving purposes.

Question 43

Which of the following is a problem found with 1NF (first normal form) design that does not exist in 2NF (second normal form)?

A) adding a new record creates difficulties
B) 1NF tables always contain consistent data
C) deleting a record creates difficulties
D) changing a particular entity's description is cumbersome and expensive

Question 44

In a file-oriented information system, a history file contains reference data used by the information system.

Question 45

A table design that does not contain repeating groups is called unnormalized. _________________________

Question 46

In a Web-based database design, the Internet serves as the ____ for the database management system.

A) front end
B) back end
C) middleware
D) interface

Question 47

In a client/server design, tasks are divided between servers, which are workstations that users interact with, and clients, which are computers that supply data, processing, and services to the server workstations.

Question 48

An intranet is an extension of a company Web site that allows access by external users, such as customers and suppliers. _________________________

Question 49

Like a primary key, a foreign key must be unique.

Question 50

A database system stores and manages data in separate files using a method called file processing.

Question 51

Web pages are stored on a Web server, which is a computer that receives requests and makes Web pages available to users.

Question 52

In a DBMS, the file-oriented tables form a unified data structure. _________________________

Question 53

In a table or file, each column represents a record, which is an individual instance, or occurrence of an entity, and each row represents a field, or characteristic of the entity.

Question 54

Which of the following is a data coding and storage scheme?

A) EBCDIC
B) binary
C) ASCII
D) primary

Question 55

Which of the following is the advantage of a DBMS (database management system)?

A) economy of scale
B) flexible data sharing
C) increased programmer productivity
D) data dependence

Question 56

Intranets and extranets are called Web-centric because they use different protocols, or data transmission standards, than the Internet.

Question 57

A common field is an attribute that appears in only one entity.

Question 58

The three normal forms constitute a progression in which the first normal form represents the best design. _________________________

Question 59

In a client/server system, processing is isolated in one part of the organization.

Question 60

One problem in a typical file-processing environment is the rigid data structure. _________________________

Question 61

The ____________________ for database design, which was introduced in the 1970s and became popular because it was flexible and powerful, uses common fields to establish relationships between tables.

Question 62

In an M:N relationship, the two entities are linked by an event or transaction called an associative entity, which has its own set of attributes and characteristics.

Question 63

Normal forms beyond 3NF exist, but they rarely are used in business-oriented systems.

Question 64

A table design is in third normal form (3NF) if it is in 2NF and if all nonkey fields are dependent on other nonkey fields.

Question 65

A repeating group is a set of one or more fields that can occur only once in a single record, with each occurrence having the same value.

Question 66

A popular rule of thumb is that a design is in 3NF if every nonkey field depends on the key, the whole key, and nothing but the key.

Question 67

A table is in first normal form (1NF) if it contains a repeating group.

Question 68

Relational databases can run on many platforms, including personal computers.

Question 69

A data warehouse allows users to specify certain dimensions, or characteristics.

Question 70

The basic elements of logical data are alphabetic or numeric characters, such as the letter A or the number 9.

Question 71

To protect stored data, users can be asked to furnish a proper user ID and password to access a file or database.

Question 72

The inherent efficiency of high-volume processing on larger computers is called ____________________.

Question 73

Relational databases are poorly suited to client/server computing because they are so powerless and rigid.

Question 74

Field X is functionally dependent on field Y if the value of field X depends on the value of field Y.

Question 75

A(n) ____________________, such as that shown in the accompanying figure, contains a set of related records that store data about a specific entity.

Question 76

Typically, a DBMS is managed by a person called a(n) ____________________, who assesses overall requirements and maintains the database for the benefit of an entire organization rather than a single department or user.

Question 77

Three main types of relationships that can exist between entities are a one-to-one relationship, abbreviated 1:1; a one-to-many relationship, abbreviated 1:M; and a many-to-many relationship, abbreviated M:N.

Question 78

To access information on the Internet, a person uses a(n) ____________________, which is an application that enables the user to navigate, or browse, the Internet and display Web pages on his or her local computer.

Question 79

A table design specifies the fields and identifies the primary key in a particular table or file.

Question 80

A table design is in second normal form (2NF) if it is in 1NF and if all fields that are not part of the primary key are functionally independent of part of the primary key.