Deck 14: Italy,1200 to 1400

Question 1

The Triumph of Death is a powerful depiction of death and the folly of pleasure and the inevitability of death.The Dominicans,an order committed to a life of poverty,participated in the design of this work.Based on this which of the following groups would be portrayed in a negative light?

A) the hermits
B) the young aristocrats
C) St. Macarius
D) the coffin-encased corpses

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What did the humanist cult of fame emphasize?

A) the importance of creative individuals
B) the importance of a superior government
C) the importance of strong leadership
D) the importance of a good university system

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Who is the architect for the cathedral of Florence?

A) Giotto
B) Pietro Cavallini
C) Orcagna (Andrea di Cione)
D) Arnolfo di Cambio

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The work of Giovanni Pisano as seen in his pulpit for Sant'Andrea,Pistoia,shows a nervous energy and emotion not found in the work of his father.It can be said that the work of Giovanni shows an interest in which of the following?

A) the formalism of Byzantine traditions
B) burgeoning naturalism
C) classical antiquity
D) medieval style

Question 5

Which of the following is the sculptor whose work showed the greatest influence of the forms of classical antiquity?

A) Nicola Pisano
B) Giovanni Pisano
C) Berlinghieri
D) Pietro Cavallini

Question 6

The word Renaissance means rebirth.Which of the following was a revived interest during this time?

A) Hiberno-Saxon manuscripts
B) Classical culture
C) Islamic culture
D) Platonic interpretation of Christianity

Question 7

This historian,Giovanni Villani,wrote in the 14?? century that this city was,"the daughter and creature of Rome" suggesting a preeminence inherited from the Roman Empire.Which of the following city-states does this phrase describe?

A) Pisa
B) Siena
C) Florence
D) Padua

Question 8

Which city was at its height of political and economic power when it employed the talents of the sculptor Nicola Pisano?

A) Siena
B) Florence
C) Pisa
D) Ferrara

Question 9

Which of the following cities was considered the rightful capital of the Roman Catholic Church?

A) Rome
B) Avignon
C) Florence
D) Paris

Question 10

The most devastating natural disaster in Europe during the late 1300s was which of the following?

A) mad cow disease
B) the collapse of the linen market
C) the failure of the Medici banks
D) the Black Death

Question 11

Which of the following cities established itself as a major shipping power?

A) Rome
B) Padua
C) Siena
D) Pisa

Question 12

Giotto's Enthroned Madonna reflected the new trend toward naturalism and classical modeling of the figures.Which of the following describes this new trend?

A) The Virgin is slender and fragile
B) Her cloak is heavily patterned with gold threads
C) The Virgin is solid and has mass
D) The figures float as if in the spiritual realm

Question 13

Which of the following is a medieval element depicted on the pulpit for the Baptistery of Pisa Cathedral?

A) densely packed, large-scale figures on the panels
B) large rectangular relief panels
C) the figures have bulk and weight
D) trilobed arches

Question 14

The International Style illustrated rich color,intricate patterns,and weightless figures.Which of the following works depicts this style?

A) Lamentation
B) Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints (Maestà)
C) Seated Apostles (Last Judgment)
D) Annunciation

Question 15

This artist projected on a flat surface the illusion of space.He also projected the illusion of solid bodies moving though that space.This description describes which of the following artists?

A) Duccio
B) Pietro Cavallini
C) Simone Martini
D) Giotto

Question 16

What are confraternities?

A) political action groups
B) lay people dedicated to strict religious observance
C) protectors of the king
D) papal guards

Question 17

The frontality,stiff poses,and lack of modeling as seen in Berlinghieri's Saint Francis Altarpiece can be said to be which of the following?

A) fundamentally medieval
B) merging with classical traditions
C) reflects the "new" Italo-Byzantine style
D) directly influenced by Platonic philosophy

Question 18

Which of the following works describes the Roman school of painting that replaced Byzantine stylized dignity with the careful depiction of light?

A) Seated Apostles
B) Betrayal of Jesus (Maestà)
C) Annunciation
D) Madonna Enthroned with Angels and Prophets

Question 19

Which of the following was characteristic of the work of Simone Martini?

A) use of elegant flowing contour
B) emphasis on drama
C) bold modeling of the figures
D) emphasis on delineation of three-dimensional space

Question 20

Which of the following is the monastic order that influenced art through its stress on nature and the primacy of personal experience?

A) Dominican
B) Benedictine
C) Cistercian
D) Franciscan

Question 21

How does the work of Simone Martini exemplify the International Style?

Question 22

How did Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II influence the sculptural traditional of Italy?

Question 23

Duccio's work occupies the very center of the sanctuary and must be splendid and rich in conveying its precious message.Which of the following works does this describe?

A) Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints (Maestà)
B) Lamentation
C) Seated Apostles (Last Judgment)
D) Triumph of Death

Question 24

The Roman fresco tradition can best be seen in the work of which of the following artists?

A) Cimabue
B) Cavallini
C) Duccio
D) Giotto

Question 25

How does Florence reflect the idea of the dominant city-state?

Question 26

The politics of the Italian city-states were turbulent and violent.Governments were overthrown and reinstated.The Sienese government commissioned a series of frescoes offering a new view,the need for a fair and just administration.The artist of note for this series is which of the following?

A) Pietro Cavallini
B) Giotto
C) Duccio
D) Ambrogio Lorenzetti

Question 27

Why were so many Italian church facades left uncompleted?

Question 28

Briefly describe humanism.

Question 29

In 1305,the College of Cardinals elected a pope from which of the following countries?

A) Poland
B) Spain
C) France
D) Italy

Question 30

Why was the screen or tramezzo removed from the nave of churches in the mid-16?? century?

Question 31

Whose work is best characterized by the use of solid volumes resting firmly on the flat and horizontal surface of this earth?

A) Giotto
B) Francesco Traini
C) Simone Martini
D) Nicola Pisano

Question 32

Who most strongly influenced the art of Pietro Lorenzetti?

A) Duccio
B) Simone Martini
C) Cimabue
D) Giotto

Question 33

What element did Duccio bring to the Maestà?

A) the modeled figures
B) his personal experience
C) his experience as a sculptor
D) the influence of Giotto his teacher

Question 34

How did the Antique past or the classical past impact the humanists of 14?? century Italy?

Question 35

Briefly describe the impact of the Black Death in Europe.

Question 36

He restored the naturalistic approach to painting as practiced in Antiquity.He inaugurated a method of pictorial expression based on observation.He revealed nature and its visible order.This describes which of the following artists?

A) Duccio
B) Pietro Cavallini
C) Cimabue
D) Giotto

Question 37

How does the fresco cycle Ambrogio Lorenzetti created for the government of Siena mirror the work of Giotto and Duccio?

Question 38

Why was Sta.Maria Novella commissioned?

Question 39

How did Duccio reorganize the elements in the Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints (Maestà)and yet maintain the functionality of the work?

Question 40

Giovanni Pisano's works show which of the following?

A) Classical antiquity influences
B) dark emotionalism
C) burgeoning naturalism
D) radiant color

Question 41

How does Duccio's works typify 14?? century Italian art?

Question 42

In what ways did the Franciscans' ideas about natural phenomena affect the production of Italian art in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 43

How does Giotto's Madonna Enthroned create sculptural solidity and weight?

Question 44

What was portrayed in Ambrogio Lorenzetti's frescoes in Siena?

Question 45

Describe the work of Ambrogio Lorenzetti;consider the social and political environment.How did this artist reveal that environment? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 46

How do the artists reveal the subject matter in these two images?

Question 47

Which of these images was most strongly influenced by the art of Classical antiquity?

Question 48

Describe the stylistic elements introduced by Giotto.Why was his work so important for the development of Renaissance painting? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 49

Contrast the rivalry between Siena and Florence.How did the political climate affect the visual arts of both cities? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 50

Explain the sources and characteristics of the International Style.Use examples to support your essay.

Question 51

How does Giotto's Lamentation reveal the essentials of his style?

Question 52

Briefly describe the economic status of Italy during the 14?? century.

Question 53

Describe the development of sculpture in 14?? century Italy.How did it reflect this period? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 54

How do these two images reflect contemporary Italian society?

Question 55

Explain the impact of the Black Death on Italy.How did it affect the visual arts? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 56

Contrast the works of Pietro Cavallini and Cimabue.How do they differ in style and technique? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 57

Contrast these two images,how are they different?

Question 58

How did the study of Cicero and the Augustan age shape humanist values in 14?? century Italy?

Question 59

In what way does this work reflect liturgical theater?

Question 60

Explain the political and artistic implications of Duccio's Maestà.Use examples to support your essay.

Question 61

Compare these two churches.How are they alike?

Question 62

How do these images reflect their periods?

Question 63

Contrast these two images.How are they different?