Deck 10: Antivirals,Antiretrovirals,and Antifungal Medications

Question 1

Nystatin is a polyene antifungal medication used primarily for the treatment of what condition?

A) Nasal congestion
B) Common colds
C) Vaginal yeast
D) Ear wax

Answer 1

Vaginal yeast

Question 2

Which is Nystatin used to treat?

A) Oral Candida infections
B) Fungal infections involving the nail
C) Herpes zoster
D) Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in children

Answer 2

Oral Candida infections

Question 3

A patient infected with AIDS tells the nurse that she has been only partially compliant with the medications because of the side effect of nausea.Which is the best response made by the nurse?

A) "When the nausea decreases, you can take the dosage."
B) "You should stop all medicine when nauseated and call your doctor."
C) "You should always take your medicine as prescribed, or it may not be effective."
D) "Didn't you know that nausea is expected with this therapy?"

Answer 3

"You should always take your medicine as prescribed, or it may not be effective."

Question 4

Most of the antiretroviral drugs are toxic to which organs or organ systems?

A) Myocardium
B) Central nervous system
C) Kidney
D) Liver

Question 5

Which are characteristics of "Crix belly" syndrome? (Select all that apply.)

A) Elevated CBCs
B) Elevated triglycerides
C) Elevated cholesterol
D) Fat accumulation around the abdomen and flank
E) Elevated plasma glucose

Question 6

Which condition can result when antifungals are taken concurrently with corticosteroid therapy?

A) CNS depression
B) Superinfection
C) Anemia
D) Photophobia

Question 7

Which is Zovirax (acyclovir)indicated for the treatment of?

A) Influenza A
B) Herpes simplex
C) Candida albicans
D) Vaginitis

Question 8

A patient asks a nurse what an AIDS-related opportunistic infection is.Which should be the nurse's reply?

A) "This infection is a first-generation metabolic infection."
B) "This infection is a toxic effect of the virus."
C) "This infection is from damage to the body's immune system."
D) "This infection is from an enlarged gallbladder."

Question 9

Which instructions should the nurse provide to a patient taking an antifungal medication?

A) "Do not stop treatment when symptoms disappear."
B) "Two weeks of therapy are usually all that is needed."
C) "Keep your unused medication for up to 1 year in case you need it again."
D) "Thankfully, there are very few side effects to these drugs."

Question 10

A patient comes into the clinic complaining of being exposed to a co-worker who has the flu.The patient is asymptomatic.What should the nurse anticipate the physician will order?

A) Flumadine (rimantadine)
B) Valtrex (valacyclovir)
C) Ziagen (abacavir)
D) Crixivan (indinavir)

Question 11

For cytomegalovirus (CMV)retinitis,the nurse anticipates the physician will prescribe which type of medication?

A) Antifungal
B) Antiretroviral
C) Antibiotic
D) Antiviral

Question 12

Which group of drugs limits the progression of HIV?

A) Antiretrovirals
B) Antivirals
C) Antibiotics
D) Antifungals

Question 13

Antiretroviral agents exert their effect by which means?

A) Boosting the body's T-cell production
B) Producing artificially acquired active immunity
C) Interfering with replication of the retrovirus
D) Lysing the DNA of the host cell

Question 14

A patient infected with HIV comes into the clinic for a regular appointment and seems less depressed and more talkative.She has been on an antiretroviral drug for a few months.The patient tells the nurse she feels like she is cured,because she is taking the medication and feeling better.Which represents what the nurse will say to this patient? (Select all that apply.)

A) "You started the medication early enough to be cured."
B) "HIV is not currently curable, but medication slows the advance of the disease."
C) "Over-the-counter medications such as aspirin will help the cure."
D) "Taking the medication prevents more virus from being produced."
E) "You are not cured of HIV; however, you will not be able to spread the virus."

Question 15

Which is the best response made by the nurse providing education to a patient taking ketoconazole for a fungal infection?

A) "You may take this medication with an antacid."
B) "Alcohol has no effect on this medication."
C) "Take this medicine 2 hours after taking an H2 blocker.
D) "It is okay to skip a dose if you feel better."

Question 16

Before antiretrovirals are started for patients infected with HIV,which lab values should be obtained from the patient?

A) Triglycerides
B) Cholesterol
C) Vitamin C
D) T-lymphocyte count

Question 17

An HIV-infected patient asks,"Why do you have to wear gloves to dress the wound on my foot? I thought blood was the only thing you had to be careful with." Which represents what the nurse will tell the patient?

A) "I don't know; I just put them on."
B) "Everyone wears gloves in the hospital."
C) "Your wound is draining clear fluid."
D) "I don't know; the wound is dry."

Question 18

Which dietary recommendation is given when administering the antifungal medication griseofulvin?

A) Take this medication with juice.
B) Take this medication with milk.
C) You must maintain a salt-free diet.
D) Your meals should be high in fat.

Question 19

A female patient,newly diagnosed with HIV,complains of reoccurring vaginal itching and cottage-cheese-like discharge.Based on the patient's history,what does the nurse anticipate the physician will order for treatment?

A) Antifungal
B) Antiviral
C) Antiinfective
D) Antiretroviral

Question 20

The nurse checks what other medications the patient is taking before instructing him about the antiretroviral he is started on.This is necessary for which reason?

A) The antiretroviral and other medications must be taken together.
B) The antiretroviral should be taken alone and not with other medications.
C) The antiretroviral and other medications must be taken with milk.
D) The antiretroviral should be taken with water 30 minutes before eating.

Question 21

Which are the most common adverse reactions to antifungal medications? (Select all that apply.)

A) Nausea
B) Vomiting
C) Headache
D) Diarrhea
E) Bloating

Question 22

Which medications are considered nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)? (Select all that apply.)

A) Abacavir sulfate (Ziagen)
B) Lamivudine (3TC) (Epivir-HBV)
C) Atazanavir (Reyataz)
D) Efavirenz (Sustiva)
E) Saquinavir (Fortovase)