Deck 17: Hematologic Products

Question 1

Which range represents the therapeutic INR range for a patient taking Coumadin?

A) 1.0 to 2.0
B) 2.0 to 3.0
C) 3.0 to 4.0
D) 4.0 to 5.0

Answer 1

2.0 to 3.0

Question 2

A patient is receiving both heparin and Coumadin (warfarin).Which is most likely to be true about this case?

A) The physician has made an error.
B) The patient is being weaned from Coumadin.
C) The patient will soon be taken off heparin.
D) The patient may be experiencing a paradoxical effect to one of the medications.

Answer 2

The patient will soon be taken off heparin.

Question 3

Which therapy could potentiate the effect of anticoagulants?

A) Vitamin K
B) Thiazide diuretics
C) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory analgesics
D) Vitamin C

Answer 3

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory analgesics

Question 4

The dosage of heparin is considered adequate when the whole blood clotting time is at approximately which level?

A) 2 1/2 to 3 times the control value
B) 0.1 to 1 1/2 times the control value
C) 1 to 2 times the control value
D) 0.5 to 1 1/2 times the control value

Question 5

Which statement should the nurse include when teaching a patient about anticoagulant therapy?

A) "If you are cut, and you are still bleeding after 10 minutes, call the doctor."
B) "Over-the-counter medications may be taken with this drug."
C) "A diet high in green, leafy vegetables is recommended."
D) "Black, tarry stools are common with this medication."

Question 6

In intermittent IV heparin therapy,the blood for the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)should be drawn at which time?

A) 1 hour before the next dose
B) 2 hours after the last dose
C) 30 minutes before the next dose
D) 2 1/2 hours before the next dose

Question 7

Once anticoagulation therapy has ended,what should the nurse advise the patient to do?

A) Go back to using a razor for shaving as before therapy.
B) Use caution for a while after therapy has ended.
C) Remove the Medic-Alert bracelet at the end of therapy.
D) Resume alcohol consumption after therapy has ended.

Question 8

Protamine sulfate should be given by which health care professional?

A) A physician
B) A trained IV nurse
C) An OR nurse
D) Any trained medical professional

Question 9

What is the purpose of anticoagulant therapy?

A) Thin the blood
B) Lyse existing clots
C) Increase viscosity of the blood
D) Prevent new clot formation

Question 10

After drawing up heparin from a vial,what is the next thing the nurse should do before giving this medication to the patient?

A) Check the syringe size and needle again.
B) Look at the color of the solution.
C) Let another nurse check the dosage.
D) Check the order one more time.

Question 11

Which is the antidote for heparin overdose?

A) Aspirin
B) Packed red blood cells
C) Vitamin K
D) Protamine sulfate

Question 12

A patient is started on warfarin (Coumadin)that is adjusted with the results of the INR and/or PT.The nurse expects the physician to start an initial dose that is within which dosage range?

A) 2 to 5 mg
B) 0.5 to 1 mg
C) 6 to 8 mg
D) 8 to 9 mg

Question 13

In checking the chart of an elderly female outpatient on anticoagulant therapy,the LPN/LVN notes that the patient's lab values are abnormal.The patient says she takes her medication as prescribed,so the nurse asks about her dietary intake.Which food might have an effect on anticoagulant therapy?

A) Broccoli
B) Eggplant
C) Oranges
D) Grapes

Question 14

Laboratories commonly report the PT values with which measurement?

A) ISI
B) PTT
C) DIC
D) INR

Question 15

Which is an early indication of anticoagulant overdose?

A) Abdominal pain
B) Bleeding gums
C) Low blood pressure
D) Pallor

Question 16

Thrombolytic agents have which actions?

A) They prevent clot formation.
B) They lyse existing clots.
C) They increase the blood's viscosity.
D) They thin the blood.

Question 17

A patient comes into the emergency department with complaints of chest pains.An ECG reveals an acute myocardial infarction taking place.The nurse would expect the physician to take which action?

A) Send the patient directly to the cardiac unit for follow-up care.
B) Give the patient one aspirin and repeat the ECG.
C) Administer a thrombolytic agent for lysis of thrombi.
D) Administer heparin only to prevent potential bleeding of coronary arteries.

Question 18

A patient on anticoagulant therapy should avoid excessive amounts of which vitamin?

A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin E
D) Vitamin K

Question 19

Which tests will the nurse evaluate after the physician makes an adjustment in a patient's heparin dose in order to determine the effect of the change?

A) aPTT
B) PT
C) INR
D) DIC panel

Question 20

A 50-year-old male patient is started on aspirin (ASA)80-mg tablets once daily as an antiplatelet agent.The nurse explains to this patient that ASA is the drug of choice for reducing the risk of which condition?

A) Hemorrhagic stroke
B) Ischemic stroke
C) Gastric inflammation
D) Cellular formation

Question 21

Heparin therapy is based on the patient's body weight in kilograms.Which represents the rate used for an IV bolus infusion?

A) 80 units/kg
B) 65 units/kg
C) 5 units/kg
D) 18 units/kg

Question 22

Aside from excessive bleeding,heparin therapy may increase the risk of a patient developing which condition?

A) A decrease in urination
B) An increase in thirst
C) An increase in hypertension
D) A decrease in visual acuity

Question 23

Which drugs are used to prevent myocardial infarction in men? (Select all that apply.)

A) Vitamin K (AquaMEPHYTON)
B) Dipyridamole (Persantine)
C) Ticlopidine (Ticlid)
D) Clopidogrel (Plavix)
E) Aspirin

Question 24

Thrombolytic agents are used in which conditions? (Select all that apply.)

A) Acute pulmonary embolism
B) Ischemic stroke
C) Cellular damage
D) Hypotensive crisis
E) Acute arterial occlusion

Question 25

A patient is on an anticoagulant.The patient also occasionally takes goldenseal for cold symptoms.What should the nurse teach the patient about the use of herbal drugs and anticoagulant therapy?

A) Herbal drugs may decrease clotting times.
B) Herbal drugs may increase the risk of bleeding.
C) There are no risks associated with this drug combination.
D) They are safe to take together if you take them an hour apart.

Question 26

To reduce the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in older adult patients,the nurse must be aware of giving anticoagulants with which drug?

A) Tylenol
B) Ibuprofen
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin E

Question 27

Which of the following is a heparin antagonist?

A) Vitamin D
B) Vitamin E
C) Folic acid
D) Protamine sulfate