Deck 8: Normative Leadership Theories

Question 1

______ refers to acting on behalf of others.

A) Transactional
B) Servant leadership
C) Aesthetic leadership
D) Stewardship

Answer 1

D

Question 2

______ events play an important role in the moral development of authentic leaders.

A) Social
B) Trigger
C) Halo
D) Capital

Answer 2

B

Question 3

______ allows authentic followers to feel like they "own" the organizations where they work and volunteer.

A) Psychological ownership
B) Pseudo-ownership
C) Effective ownership
D) Hierarchy ownership

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Who is credited with sparking contemporary interest in servant leadership?

A) James MacGregor Burns
B) Margaret Wheatley
C) Robert Greenleaf
D) Scott Peck

Question 5

For which type of leadership is stewardship one of the characteristics?

A) aesthetic
B) servant
C) relational
D) transformational

Question 6

______ describes how transformational leaders become role models for followers.

A) Power influence
B) Idealized influence
C) Leader influence
D) Relational influence

Question 7

Transformational leadership has been criticized as ______ for paying too much attention to leaders.

A) leader heavy
B) leader powerful
C) leader exchange
D) leader centric

Question 8

Which is a caution of transformational leadership?

A) undervalues the contributions of leaders
B) ineffective
C) recognizes that leaders are born to lead
D) leader centric

Question 9

Transformational leaders act as coaches or mentors who foster personal development. This is referred to as ______.

A) inspirational motivation
B) idealized influence
C) intellectual stimulation
D) individualized consideration

Question 10

ALT theorists seem to equate self-awareness with ______.

A) transparency
B) morality
C) authenticity
D) self-efficacy

Question 11

______ leaders focus on terminal values such as liberty, equality, and justice.

A) Transactional
B) Transformational
C) Aesthetic
D) Altruistic

Question 12

For which of the following is servant leadership criticized?

A) sacrificing self-awareness
B) misplaced goals
C) being overly complex
D) ignoring altruism

Question 13

Which of the following is a true statement about authentic leadership?

A) Authenticity is an inherited leadership trait.
B) Authenticity improves leadership performance.
C) Authenticity is one of many sources of ethical leadership.
D) Authenticity is required of all leaders.

Question 14

______ leaders appeal to lower level needs of followers--that is, the need for food, shelter, and acceptance.

A) Transactional
B) Transformational
C) Aesthetic
D) Altruistic

Question 15

Followers are likely to emulate the example of ______ leaders who set a high ethical standard.

A) aesthetic
B) servant
C) authentic
D) transformational

Question 16

______ means being conscious of, and trusting in, our motives, desires, feelings, and self-concept.

A) Rational transparency
B) Internalized moral perspectives
C) Balanced processing
D) Self-awareness

Question 17

______ leaders take their obligations or responsibilities seriously.

A) Aesthetic
B) Servant
C) Relational
D) Transformational

Question 18

______ leadership emphasizes the sensory and emotional dimension of organizational life.

A) Aesthetic
B) Servant
C) Relational
D) Transformational

Question 19

Authentic leaders remain objective even when receiving negative feedback. Which component of authenticity does this reflect?

A) awareness
B) relational orientation
C) unbiased (balanced) processing
D) behavior

Question 20

______ describes remaining objective when receiving information. Inauthentic responses involve denying, distorting, or ignoring feedback we don't want to acknowledge.

A) Rational transparency
B) Internalized moral perspectives
C) Balanced processing
D) Self-awareness

Question 21

______ leaders emphasize values such as responsibility, fairness, and honesty.

A) Transactional
B) Transformational
C) Aesthetic
D) Altruistic

Question 22

Which of the following is not an element of paternalistic leadership?

A) morality
B) authoritarianism
C) benevolence
D) mindfulness

Question 23

Which is a true statement about laissez-faire transactional leadership?

A) They discover new options.
B) They jump in and take initiative.
C) They avoid taking action.
D) They use contingent rewards.

Question 24

A ______ leader may demonstrate concern for a follower on and off the job.

A) moral
B) authoritative
C) benevolent
D) mindful

Question 25

Servant leaders should put the needs of the followers before their own needs.

Question 26

______ transactional leaders engage in contingent reward and management by exception.

A) Passive
B) Active
C) Engaged
D) Open

Question 27

Which of the following is not one of the key elements of servant leadership?

A) obligation
B) partnership
C) stewardship
D) emotional intelligence

Question 28

______ is integral to aesthetic leadership.

A) Self-awareness
B) Ethics
C) Morality
D) Communication

Question 29

______ describes behaviors a leader demonstrates of their personal virtues.

A) Morality
B) Justice
C) Moral compass
D) Leadership

Question 30

______ leaders exchange money, benefits and recognition, whereas ______ leaders utilize esteem, competency and self-fulfillment to motivate followers.

A) Menial; big
B) Transactional; transformational
C) Business; inspirational
D) Unauthentic; authentic

Question 31

What type of leadership is the "demonstration of normatively appropriate conduct through personal actions and interpersonal relationships, and the promotion of such conduct to followers through two-way communication, reinforcement, and decision-making?"

A) ethical leadership
B) benevolent leadership
C) authentic leadership
D) transformational leadership

Question 32

Which of the following is not an identified component of aesthetic leadership according to Donna Ladkin?

A) mastery
B) coherence
C) purpose
D) performance

Question 33

______ is presenting the authentic self to others, openly expressing true thoughts and feelings appropriate for the situation.

A) Self-awareness
B) Self-efficacy
C) Balanced processing
D) Relational transparency

Question 34

Which of the following is not a listed component of authenticity?

A) self-awareness
B) balanced processing
C) negotiation of values
D) internalized moral perspective

Question 35

Which item is not a component of transformational leadership?

A) esteem
B) serving others
C) competency
D) self-fulfillment

Question 36

______ transactional leaders wait for problems to arise before taking action, or they avoid taking any action at all.

A) Passive
B) Active
C) Engaged
D) Open

Question 37

______ enhance their moral reputation by actively promoting ethical behavior throughout the organization.

A) Pseudo-dynamic leaders
B) Employees
C) Moral managers
D) Transformers

Question 38

______ means being conscious of our motives, desires, feelings, and self-concepts.

A) Self-awareness
B) Self-efficacy
C) Self-confidence
D) Self-regulation

Question 39

Which of the following was not a caution for the benevolent leadership?

A) negative connotation of paternalism
B) It's leader centric.
C) still underdeveloped
D) It's narrow-minded.

Question 40

What are the two underlining dimensions to leadership styles?

A) task and relationship
B) form and function
C) authentic and unauthentic
D) true and false

Question 41

The goal of a transformational leader is to raise the level of morality in a group or organization.

Question 42

One of the cautions of servant leaders is the style may not work in every context.

Question 43

According to Bass and Avolio, what are the characteristics of transformational leadership?

Question 44

Transformational leaders pursue personal goals and foster competitiveness.

Question 45

What are the three cautions of aesthetic (beautiful) leadership?

Question 46

Skepticism about servant leadership may stem in part from a misunderstanding that equates service with weakness.

Question 47

Name five products of pseudo-transformational leadership.

Question 48

Name and define the four components of authentic leadership.

Question 49

Name and describe the four key concepts of servant leadership.

Question 50

Name and explain the components of transformational leadership.

Question 51

Simplicity is a strength of servant leadership.

Question 52

Describe the positive effects that authentic leaders have on followers.

Question 53

Leaders are either transactional or transformational.

Question 54

Studies have found that benevolent leadership generates more positive outcomes for an organization than authoritarian leadership.

Question 55

Operating as a servant leader means putting the focus on self rather than on others.

Question 56

Both vision and honesty are attributes of servant leaders.