Deck 8: Juveniles and the Police

Question 1

Male officers seldom ______ juvenile females even in circumstances where the juveniles are likely to be carrying drugs and/or weapons for their male companions.

A) detain
B) question
C) arrest
D) search (pat down)

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Historically, the ______ are the first representatives of the juvenile justice network to encounter delinquent, dependent, and abused or neglected children.

A) parents
B) police
C) juvenile officers
D) courts

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Informal adjustments are commonly referred to as ______.

A) police reprimands
B) stationhouse or street corner adjustments
C) unofficial procedures
D) official procedures

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Biases on behalf of the police may lead to more ______ adjustments for certain types of juveniles.

A) formal
B) nondiscretionary
C) law-based
D) informal

Question 5

Because juvenile cases present special problems for the police, one might expect considerable emphasis on ______ for juvenile officers.

A) good conduct records
B) maturity
C) having children themselves
D) training

Question 6

Generally speaking, ______ and ______ heavily weigh on decisions to arrest made by police officers.

A) nature of offense, juvenile demeanor
B) complainant's wishes, nature of offense
C) juvenile demeanor, complainant's wishes
D) nature of offense, mood of the officer

Question 7

In some cases, PSLOs assist with classroom lessons on topics such as:

A) bullying.
B) internet safety.
C) drug and alcohol usage.
D) all of these

Question 8

Individual judgment concerning the type of action to take by the police is referred to as:

A) judgment
B) decision-making ability
C) discretion
D) regulations

Question 9

Police departments with ______ or fewer sworn officers still face difficulties in providing adequately trained officers for 24-hr-a-day service.

A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 50

Question 10

______ are located in schools and serve as sources of information and counselors for students.

A) Juvenile detention officers
B) School resource officers
C) Sheriff's deputies
D) Chiefs of Police

Question 11

Police officers have what options when dealing with a juvenile?

A) release the juvenile
B) informally adjust the juvenile
C) formally file a petition
D) all of these

Question 12

Juvenile officers are frequently appointed on the basis of ______.

A) specialized training
B) getting along with juveniles
C) conduct records
D) prior experience with juveniles

Question 13

Assigned officers, acting as additional resource persons in the school setting, have generally been evaluated ______ by school officials, although not always by students.

A) negatively
B) positively
C) neither negatively nor positively
D) successfully

Question 14

There are still many smaller police departments with no ______ officers, so officers must deal with juveniles of both genders.

A) male
B) female
C) juvenile
D) mature

Question 15

The official procedures to be followed when processing juveniles are clearly spelled out in:

A) local agency regulations.
B) police orders.
C) juvenile court acts.
D) court rules.

Question 16

Although the exercise of discretion is a necessary and normal part of police work, the potential for ____ exists because there is no way to routinely review this practice.

A) abuse
B) monetary gain
C) harm to the juvenile
D) rogue police officers

Question 17

The threat of taking ______ action, if unofficial suggestions are not acceptable to the offenders involved, largely removes any element of voluntarism and is coercive.

A) unofficial
B) discretionary
C) state-law mandated
D) official

Question 18

Compared with non-Internet juvenile prostitution cases, Internet juvenile prostitution involved younger juveniles, and police were ______ to treat these juveniles as victims rather than offenders.

A) less inclined
B) more inclined
C) equally inclined
D) unlikely

Question 19

Official action is more likely to occur today in regard to allegations of child abuse and/or neglect because of ______.

A) mandated reporting laws
B) increased police arrests
C) quotas
D) streamlined investigative procedures

Question 20

One early police-school consultant program was developed in Flint, Michigan, in ______.

A) 1945
B) 1955
C) 1958
D) 1970

Question 21

If unofficial suggestions are not acceptable to the offenders involved, threatening official action largely removes any element of voluntarism and is considered coercive.

Question 22

It has been found that juveniles are more receptive to an emphasis on short-term negative social consequences as opposed to physiological consequences.

Question 23

In the case of a minor offense, the police will often intervene on behalf of the juvenile to persuade the complainant not to take official action.

Question 24

______ theories may be tied to police encounters with juveniles in terms of allocation of police resources and decisions concerning whether or not to take official action.

A) Social class
B) Learning
C) Labeling
D) Deterrence

Question 25

Community-oriented policing is focused on:

A) arresting criminals.
B) identifying and solving problems through partnerships.
C) investigating criminal communities.
D) school resource officers.

Question 26

If police officers are to keep up with a variety of ever-changing types of crime occurring on the Internet, continued education and training will be required.

Question 27

It is essential that police departments train officers to handle juvenile cases.

Question 28

Although the development of effective juvenile officers and juvenile bureaus is highly desirable, most initial contacts between juveniles and the police involve patrol officers.

Question 29

There is some evidence that heavy-handed tactics during interviews and interrogations by the police may produce false evidence.

Question 30

Researchers are generally in agreement concerning the role of race in police-juvenile encounters.

Question 31

______ refers to a strategy that relies on identification of problems by police and members of the community they serve and shared ownership of law enforcement and order maintenance duties.

A) Police-community liaisons
B) Problem-oriented policing
C) Intelligence-led policing
D) Community-oriented policing

Question 32

Although community-oriented policing is a general police strategy, it certainly has applications in police work with juveniles given that it requires joint community-police identification of, and efforts to solve, problems.

Question 33

No programs have been introduced to improve the relationship between schools and the police concerning juvenile offenders.

Question 34

If the police decide not to take into custody or arrest a particular juvenile, none of the rest of the official legal machinery can go into operation.

Question 35

While armed officers do provide protection for students, recent research by the Justice Policy Institute (JPI) (2012) suggests that SROs have little impact on reducing school-based crime.

Question 36

D.A.R.E. programs, in which police officers teach children how to avoid the use of illicit drugs, are widespread in the United States only.

Question 37

Professional associations of juvenile police dedicated to training, information sharing, and developing relationships with others in the juvenile justice network do not exist within the United States.

Question 38

______ theories suggest race and ethnicity influence police behavior in a latent fashion.

A) Labeling
B) Biological
C) Deterrence
D) Learning

Question 39

An evaluation of 44 anti-bullying programs showed that school-based anti-bullying programs are effective in reducing bullying perpetration and victimization (being bullied) by between ______% and ______%.

A) 9, 12
B) 11, 15
C) 16, 19
D) 17, 20

Question 40

Police officers are never inconsistent in the decision-making process because of frequent ambiguity with respect to whether any formal rule of law applies in a specific case as well as a variety of other factors.

Question 41

Compare and contrast unofficial and official police procedures in dealing with juveniles.

Question 42

Define and discuss discretion with juveniles.

Question 43

Describe what a school resource officer is and what their responsibilities are, as well as their effectiveness in reducing juvenile delinquency.

Question 44

Discuss the impact of community-oriented policing on the relationships among the police, schools, and juveniles.

Question 45

Discuss the importance of having trained juvenile officers.