Deck 17: Diseases of the Circulatory and Central Nervous Systems

Question 1

Otitis media, sinus infections, and mastoiditis are frequent primary infections resulting in which of the following?​

A)​Brain abscess
B)​Infective endocarditis
C)​Fungal meningitis
D)​Spongiform encephalopathy

Answer 1

A

Question 2

​Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.a.​Weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, often seen as a sequel to a stroke.b.​A pathological lack of energy or activity, undue state of sleepiness or unresponsiveness.c.​Procedure to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis by placement of a needle into the epidural space between lower spinal vertebra, also called spinal tap.d.​To separate or divide into sections or distinct areas.e.​A condition of dulled sensation or responsiveness or sensibility caused by excessive alcohol intake or neurological disorder.f.​The anatomical areas or spaces located beneath fingernails or toenails.g.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.h.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.i.​A disease state also called brucellosis characterized by recurrent and remittent episodes of elevated body temperature, weakness, headaches, chills, and weight los
j.An analysis of proteins in the blood which indicate presence of HIV or Lyme disease.
​Stupor

Answer 2

e

Question 3

​Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.a.​Weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, often seen as a sequel to a stroke.b.​A pathological lack of energy or activity, undue state of sleepiness or unresponsiveness.c.​Procedure to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis by placement of a needle into the epidural space between lower spinal vertebra, also called spinal tap.d.​To separate or divide into sections or distinct areas.e.​A condition of dulled sensation or responsiveness or sensibility caused by excessive alcohol intake or neurological disorder.f.​The anatomical areas or spaces located beneath fingernails or toenails.g.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.h.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.i.​A disease state also called brucellosis characterized by recurrent and remittent episodes of elevated body temperature, weakness, headaches, chills, and weight los
j.An analysis of proteins in the blood which indicate presence of HIV or Lyme disease.
​Endocarditis

Answer 3

h

Question 4

White blood cells also called _____________________ are involved in the body's natural defense mechanism against pathogenic invasion.​

Question 5

​Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.a.​Weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, often seen as a sequel to a stroke.b.​A pathological lack of energy or activity, undue state of sleepiness or unresponsiveness.c.​Procedure to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis by placement of a needle into the epidural space between lower spinal vertebra, also called spinal tap.d.​To separate or divide into sections or distinct areas.e.​A condition of dulled sensation or responsiveness or sensibility caused by excessive alcohol intake or neurological disorder.f.​The anatomical areas or spaces located beneath fingernails or toenails.g.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.h.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.i.​A disease state also called brucellosis characterized by recurrent and remittent episodes of elevated body temperature, weakness, headaches, chills, and weight los
j.An analysis of proteins in the blood which indicate presence of HIV or Lyme disease.
​Petechiae

Question 6

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome is associated with which microbial pathogen?​

A)​Borrelia burgdorferi
B)​Haemophilus influenzae
C)​Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D)​Neisseria meningitidis

Question 7

​Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.a.​Weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, often seen as a sequel to a stroke.b.​A pathological lack of energy or activity, undue state of sleepiness or unresponsiveness.c.​Procedure to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis by placement of a needle into the epidural space between lower spinal vertebra, also called spinal tap.d.​To separate or divide into sections or distinct areas.e.​A condition of dulled sensation or responsiveness or sensibility caused by excessive alcohol intake or neurological disorder.f.​The anatomical areas or spaces located beneath fingernails or toenails.g.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.h.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.i.​A disease state also called brucellosis characterized by recurrent and remittent episodes of elevated body temperature, weakness, headaches, chills, and weight los
j.An analysis of proteins in the blood which indicate presence of HIV or Lyme disease.
​Subungual

Question 8

​Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.a.​Weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, often seen as a sequel to a stroke.b.​A pathological lack of energy or activity, undue state of sleepiness or unresponsiveness.c.​Procedure to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis by placement of a needle into the epidural space between lower spinal vertebra, also called spinal tap.d.​To separate or divide into sections or distinct areas.e.​A condition of dulled sensation or responsiveness or sensibility caused by excessive alcohol intake or neurological disorder.f.​The anatomical areas or spaces located beneath fingernails or toenails.g.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.h.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.i.​A disease state also called brucellosis characterized by recurrent and remittent episodes of elevated body temperature, weakness, headaches, chills, and weight los
j.An analysis of proteins in the blood which indicate presence of HIV or Lyme disease.
​Undulant fever

Question 9

The life-threatening accumulation of blood or fluid in the space between the myocardium and pericardium is called________________________.​

Question 10

The average adult weighing 150 pounds would be expected to have an estimated blood volume of:​

A)​3.5 liters
B)​4.5 liters
C)​5.5 liters
D)​6.5 liters

Question 11

​Twenty percent of total blood volume passes through which organ at any given time?

A)​Brain
B)​Heart
C)​Kidney
D)​Lungs

Question 12

Janeway lesions, Roth spots, and Osler nodes are clinical signs of which pathogenic condition?​

A)​Mastoiditis
B)​Meningitis
C)​Endocarditis
D)​Encephalitis

Question 13

The _________________________include three layers: pia mater, arachnoid, and dura mater.​

Question 14

​Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.a.​Weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, often seen as a sequel to a stroke.b.​A pathological lack of energy or activity, undue state of sleepiness or unresponsiveness.c.​Procedure to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis by placement of a needle into the epidural space between lower spinal vertebra, also called spinal tap.d.​To separate or divide into sections or distinct areas.e.​A condition of dulled sensation or responsiveness or sensibility caused by excessive alcohol intake or neurological disorder.f.​The anatomical areas or spaces located beneath fingernails or toenails.g.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.h.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.i.​A disease state also called brucellosis characterized by recurrent and remittent episodes of elevated body temperature, weakness, headaches, chills, and weight los
j.An analysis of proteins in the blood which indicate presence of HIV or Lyme disease.
​Lethargy

Question 15

​Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.a.​Weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, often seen as a sequel to a stroke.b.​A pathological lack of energy or activity, undue state of sleepiness or unresponsiveness.c.​Procedure to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis by placement of a needle into the epidural space between lower spinal vertebra, also called spinal tap.d.​To separate or divide into sections or distinct areas.e.​A condition of dulled sensation or responsiveness or sensibility caused by excessive alcohol intake or neurological disorder.f.​The anatomical areas or spaces located beneath fingernails or toenails.g.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.h.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.i.​A disease state also called brucellosis characterized by recurrent and remittent episodes of elevated body temperature, weakness, headaches, chills, and weight los
j.An analysis of proteins in the blood which indicate presence of HIV or Lyme disease.
​Lumbar puncture

Question 16

The pigment pyocyanin created by ____________________________ bacteria produces a characteristic blue colored pus accumulation.

Question 17

​Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.a.​Weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, often seen as a sequel to a stroke.b.​A pathological lack of energy or activity, undue state of sleepiness or unresponsiveness.c.​Procedure to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis by placement of a needle into the epidural space between lower spinal vertebra, also called spinal tap.d.​To separate or divide into sections or distinct areas.e.​A condition of dulled sensation or responsiveness or sensibility caused by excessive alcohol intake or neurological disorder.f.​The anatomical areas or spaces located beneath fingernails or toenails.g.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.h.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.i.​A disease state also called brucellosis characterized by recurrent and remittent episodes of elevated body temperature, weakness, headaches, chills, and weight los
j.An analysis of proteins in the blood which indicate presence of HIV or Lyme disease.
​Western blot test

Question 18

​Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.a.​Weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, often seen as a sequel to a stroke.b.​A pathological lack of energy or activity, undue state of sleepiness or unresponsiveness.c.​Procedure to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis by placement of a needle into the epidural space between lower spinal vertebra, also called spinal tap.d.​To separate or divide into sections or distinct areas.e.​A condition of dulled sensation or responsiveness or sensibility caused by excessive alcohol intake or neurological disorder.f.​The anatomical areas or spaces located beneath fingernails or toenails.g.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.h.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.i.​A disease state also called brucellosis characterized by recurrent and remittent episodes of elevated body temperature, weakness, headaches, chills, and weight los
j.An analysis of proteins in the blood which indicate presence of HIV or Lyme disease.
​Hemiparesis

Question 19

Naegleria fowleri is the causative pathogen in the rare and fatal form of meningitis called ____________________________.​

Question 20

​Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.a.​Weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, often seen as a sequel to a stroke.b.​A pathological lack of energy or activity, undue state of sleepiness or unresponsiveness.c.​Procedure to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis by placement of a needle into the epidural space between lower spinal vertebra, also called spinal tap.d.​To separate or divide into sections or distinct areas.e.​A condition of dulled sensation or responsiveness or sensibility caused by excessive alcohol intake or neurological disorder.f.​The anatomical areas or spaces located beneath fingernails or toenails.g.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.h.​Small, flat, pinpoint red or purple skin spots resulting from intradermal bleeding.i.​A disease state also called brucellosis characterized by recurrent and remittent episodes of elevated body temperature, weakness, headaches, chills, and weight los
j.An analysis of proteins in the blood which indicate presence of HIV or Lyme disease.
​Compartmentalize

Question 21

Infant mortality from Escherichia coli meningitis is low due to effective vaccines.​

Question 22

​Individuals with implanted heart valves will require prophylactic antibiotics prior to invasive dental procedures.

Question 23

​Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy is caused by abnormal folds of proteins in neural tissues of the brain or spinal cord.

Question 24

The blood-brain barrier is a physiologic mechanism that prevents passage of certain large molecules, including some antibiotics, from passing from blood to the brain parenchyma.​

Question 25

​A pericardial window procedure may be required in cases of recurrent cardiac tamponade or severe pericardial damage.

Question 26

Bioprosthetic heart valves become infected within 3 months of implantation while mechanical heart valves take approximately a year for symptoms to manifest.​

Question 27

Osler nodes, Janeway lesions, and Roth spots are characteristic signs of viral meningitis.​

Question 28

Solids such as blood cells and platelets account for 65 percent of the total blood volume.​

Question 29

In general, blood transfusions are safe, life-saving procedures, however, risks still exist for transmission of bacterial, viral, parasitic, and prion pathogens.​

Question 30

Rabies encephalitis is caused by a bullet-shaped virions which cause symptoms including hydrophobia and seizures.​