Deck 14: Actinobacteria

Question 1

Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.​
a.A slow-growing bacterial or fungal infection involving the subcutaneous tissues most commonly of the foot or leg.
b.The acquired ability of bacteria or other pathogens to change or mutate so that drugs such as antibiotics are no longer effective against them.
c.Type of organism which has a symbiotic relationship in which it does not benefit or considerably harm the host.
d.Open sore or lesion which creates a depression in the skin or an organ.
e.Any adrenal-cortex steroid used as pharmaceutical treatment for inflammation.
f.Pertains to fluid emitted, oozed, or leaked by organism typically through pores, wounds, or other anatomical structures.
g.A small nodular lesion in tissues or the lungs as seen in tuberculosis infections; a rounded protuberance on a bone.
h.The combined organs and tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, includes the lips, mouth, and oropharyngeal structures.
i.Condition of death of cells, tissues, or organs due to infection, injury, or lack of blood supply.
j.Organic compounds which give the characteristic smell of wet soil or "earthy" flavor of some foods.
​Geosmins

Answer 1

j

Question 2

Infants in the U.S.are given a _______________ vaccine which contains the tetanus toxoid, diphtheria toxoid, and pertussis vaccine (Tdap).​

Answer 2

trivalent​

Question 3

Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.​
a.A slow-growing bacterial or fungal infection involving the subcutaneous tissues most commonly of the foot or leg.
b.The acquired ability of bacteria or other pathogens to change or mutate so that drugs such as antibiotics are no longer effective against them.
c.Type of organism which has a symbiotic relationship in which it does not benefit or considerably harm the host.
d.Open sore or lesion which creates a depression in the skin or an organ.
e.Any adrenal-cortex steroid used as pharmaceutical treatment for inflammation.
f.Pertains to fluid emitted, oozed, or leaked by organism typically through pores, wounds, or other anatomical structures.
g.A small nodular lesion in tissues or the lungs as seen in tuberculosis infections; a rounded protuberance on a bone.
h.The combined organs and tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, includes the lips, mouth, and oropharyngeal structures.
i.Condition of death of cells, tissues, or organs due to infection, injury, or lack of blood supply.
j.Organic compounds which give the characteristic smell of wet soil or "earthy" flavor of some foods.
​Ulcer

Answer 3

d

Question 4

Individuals infected with Corynebacterium diphtheriae may have a "bull neck" appearance due to the pronounced inflammation of the _____________________.​

Question 5

Destruction of facial cartilage and flattening of features resulting in a lion-like appearance is a sign of which disease?​

A)​Diphtheria
B)​Leprosy
C)​Nocardiosis
D)​Tuberculosis

Question 6

Which species of bacteria has been used to develop a variety of antibiotics, anti-fungals, and anti-parasitics?​

A)​Corynebacterium
B)​Mycobacterium
C)​Streptomyces
D)​Nocardia

Question 7

Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.​
a.A slow-growing bacterial or fungal infection involving the subcutaneous tissues most commonly of the foot or leg.
b.The acquired ability of bacteria or other pathogens to change or mutate so that drugs such as antibiotics are no longer effective against them.
c.Type of organism which has a symbiotic relationship in which it does not benefit or considerably harm the host.
d.Open sore or lesion which creates a depression in the skin or an organ.
e.Any adrenal-cortex steroid used as pharmaceutical treatment for inflammation.
f.Pertains to fluid emitted, oozed, or leaked by organism typically through pores, wounds, or other anatomical structures.
g.A small nodular lesion in tissues or the lungs as seen in tuberculosis infections; a rounded protuberance on a bone.
h.The combined organs and tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, includes the lips, mouth, and oropharyngeal structures.
i.Condition of death of cells, tissues, or organs due to infection, injury, or lack of blood supply.
j.Organic compounds which give the characteristic smell of wet soil or "earthy" flavor of some foods.
​Aerodigestive tract

Question 8

Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.​
a.A slow-growing bacterial or fungal infection involving the subcutaneous tissues most commonly of the foot or leg.
b.The acquired ability of bacteria or other pathogens to change or mutate so that drugs such as antibiotics are no longer effective against them.
c.Type of organism which has a symbiotic relationship in which it does not benefit or considerably harm the host.
d.Open sore or lesion which creates a depression in the skin or an organ.
e.Any adrenal-cortex steroid used as pharmaceutical treatment for inflammation.
f.Pertains to fluid emitted, oozed, or leaked by organism typically through pores, wounds, or other anatomical structures.
g.A small nodular lesion in tissues or the lungs as seen in tuberculosis infections; a rounded protuberance on a bone.
h.The combined organs and tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, includes the lips, mouth, and oropharyngeal structures.
i.Condition of death of cells, tissues, or organs due to infection, injury, or lack of blood supply.
j.Organic compounds which give the characteristic smell of wet soil or "earthy" flavor of some foods.
​Exudative

Question 9

Leprosy which is caused by Mycobacterium leprae and affects the skin and peripheral nervous system is also known as ___________________ disease who first described it.​

Question 10

Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.​
a.A slow-growing bacterial or fungal infection involving the subcutaneous tissues most commonly of the foot or leg.
b.The acquired ability of bacteria or other pathogens to change or mutate so that drugs such as antibiotics are no longer effective against them.
c.Type of organism which has a symbiotic relationship in which it does not benefit or considerably harm the host.
d.Open sore or lesion which creates a depression in the skin or an organ.
e.Any adrenal-cortex steroid used as pharmaceutical treatment for inflammation.
f.Pertains to fluid emitted, oozed, or leaked by organism typically through pores, wounds, or other anatomical structures.
g.A small nodular lesion in tissues or the lungs as seen in tuberculosis infections; a rounded protuberance on a bone.
h.The combined organs and tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, includes the lips, mouth, and oropharyngeal structures.
i.Condition of death of cells, tissues, or organs due to infection, injury, or lack of blood supply.
j.Organic compounds which give the characteristic smell of wet soil or "earthy" flavor of some foods.
​Tubercle

Question 11

Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.​
a.A slow-growing bacterial or fungal infection involving the subcutaneous tissues most commonly of the foot or leg.
b.The acquired ability of bacteria or other pathogens to change or mutate so that drugs such as antibiotics are no longer effective against them.
c.Type of organism which has a symbiotic relationship in which it does not benefit or considerably harm the host.
d.Open sore or lesion which creates a depression in the skin or an organ.
e.Any adrenal-cortex steroid used as pharmaceutical treatment for inflammation.
f.Pertains to fluid emitted, oozed, or leaked by organism typically through pores, wounds, or other anatomical structures.
g.A small nodular lesion in tissues or the lungs as seen in tuberculosis infections; a rounded protuberance on a bone.
h.The combined organs and tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, includes the lips, mouth, and oropharyngeal structures.
i.Condition of death of cells, tissues, or organs due to infection, injury, or lack of blood supply.
j.Organic compounds which give the characteristic smell of wet soil or "earthy" flavor of some foods.
​Drug resistance

Question 12

Individuals with _____________ tuberculosis have so signs or symptoms of the disease and are not contagious.​

Question 13

Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.​
a.A slow-growing bacterial or fungal infection involving the subcutaneous tissues most commonly of the foot or leg.
b.The acquired ability of bacteria or other pathogens to change or mutate so that drugs such as antibiotics are no longer effective against them.
c.Type of organism which has a symbiotic relationship in which it does not benefit or considerably harm the host.
d.Open sore or lesion which creates a depression in the skin or an organ.
e.Any adrenal-cortex steroid used as pharmaceutical treatment for inflammation.
f.Pertains to fluid emitted, oozed, or leaked by organism typically through pores, wounds, or other anatomical structures.
g.A small nodular lesion in tissues or the lungs as seen in tuberculosis infections; a rounded protuberance on a bone.
h.The combined organs and tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, includes the lips, mouth, and oropharyngeal structures.
i.Condition of death of cells, tissues, or organs due to infection, injury, or lack of blood supply.
j.Organic compounds which give the characteristic smell of wet soil or "earthy" flavor of some foods.
​Necrosis

Question 14

Which of the following is injected in the epidermis to detect tuberculosis disease or exposure to it?​

A)​Geosmins
B)​Diphtheria toxoid
C)​Tuberculosis toxoid
D)​Purified protein derivative

Question 15

Which of the following diseases has developed both a drug-resistant and an extensively drug resistant form that requires long-term and expensive antibiotic therapy?​

A)​Diphtheria
B)​Leprosy
C)​Nocardiosis
D)​Tuberculosis

Question 16

Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.​
a.A slow-growing bacterial or fungal infection involving the subcutaneous tissues most commonly of the foot or leg.
b.The acquired ability of bacteria or other pathogens to change or mutate so that drugs such as antibiotics are no longer effective against them.
c.Type of organism which has a symbiotic relationship in which it does not benefit or considerably harm the host.
d.Open sore or lesion which creates a depression in the skin or an organ.
e.Any adrenal-cortex steroid used as pharmaceutical treatment for inflammation.
f.Pertains to fluid emitted, oozed, or leaked by organism typically through pores, wounds, or other anatomical structures.
g.A small nodular lesion in tissues or the lungs as seen in tuberculosis infections; a rounded protuberance on a bone.
h.The combined organs and tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, includes the lips, mouth, and oropharyngeal structures.
i.Condition of death of cells, tissues, or organs due to infection, injury, or lack of blood supply.
j.Organic compounds which give the characteristic smell of wet soil or "earthy" flavor of some foods.
​Corticosteroid

Question 17

A number of species in the genus ___________________ are distinctive because of a characteristic "dust bunny" appearance sometimes mistaken for fungi.​

Question 18

In which disease does a thick, gray, bacterial pseudomembrane develop shortly after infection and covers the structures of the respiratory tract, making breathing difficult?​

A)​Diphtheria
B)​Leprosy
C)​Nocardiosis
D)​Tuberculosis

Question 19

Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.​
a.A slow-growing bacterial or fungal infection involving the subcutaneous tissues most commonly of the foot or leg.
b.The acquired ability of bacteria or other pathogens to change or mutate so that drugs such as antibiotics are no longer effective against them.
c.Type of organism which has a symbiotic relationship in which it does not benefit or considerably harm the host.
d.Open sore or lesion which creates a depression in the skin or an organ.
e.Any adrenal-cortex steroid used as pharmaceutical treatment for inflammation.
f.Pertains to fluid emitted, oozed, or leaked by organism typically through pores, wounds, or other anatomical structures.
g.A small nodular lesion in tissues or the lungs as seen in tuberculosis infections; a rounded protuberance on a bone.
h.The combined organs and tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, includes the lips, mouth, and oropharyngeal structures.
i.Condition of death of cells, tissues, or organs due to infection, injury, or lack of blood supply.
j.Organic compounds which give the characteristic smell of wet soil or "earthy" flavor of some foods.
​Mycetoma

Question 20

Match the following terms or phrases with the correct description or definition.​
a.A slow-growing bacterial or fungal infection involving the subcutaneous tissues most commonly of the foot or leg.
b.The acquired ability of bacteria or other pathogens to change or mutate so that drugs such as antibiotics are no longer effective against them.
c.Type of organism which has a symbiotic relationship in which it does not benefit or considerably harm the host.
d.Open sore or lesion which creates a depression in the skin or an organ.
e.Any adrenal-cortex steroid used as pharmaceutical treatment for inflammation.
f.Pertains to fluid emitted, oozed, or leaked by organism typically through pores, wounds, or other anatomical structures.
g.A small nodular lesion in tissues or the lungs as seen in tuberculosis infections; a rounded protuberance on a bone.
h.The combined organs and tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, includes the lips, mouth, and oropharyngeal structures.
i.Condition of death of cells, tissues, or organs due to infection, injury, or lack of blood supply.
j.Organic compounds which give the characteristic smell of wet soil or "earthy" flavor of some foods.
​Commensal

Question 21

Patients with latent tuberculosis must be kept in negative-pressure, filtered-air rooms when hospitalized.​

Question 22

Armadillos are natural reservoirs for Mycobacterium leprae bacteria.​

Question 23

More than 50 anti-infective medications have been derived from species of Nocardia bacteria.​

Question 24

Eighty percent of nocardiosis infections present with cutaneous lesions called cellulitis.​

Question 25

One of the main complications of diphtheria is the development of a pseudomembrane which adheres to airway structures causing respiratory difficulty.​

Question 26

Special acid-fast stains must be used for identification of mycobacteria due to their waxy cell walls.​

Question 27

​The Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine for tuberculosis is considered unreliable.

Question 28

Leprosy often causes destruction of facial structures resulting in a suppurative condition called "lumpy jaw".​

Question 29

​Nocardiosis is an opportunistic infection that only affects immunocompromised individuals.

Question 30

Most Streptomyces infections result from injury to a foot or leg by puncture such as a thorn.​