Question 1

Which test is the most diagnostic for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? A) COPD Assessment Test B) Forced expiratory time maneuver C) Lung radiograph D) Spirometry for FVC and FEV₁

Accepted Answer

Spirometry for FVC and FEV1 are the most diagnostic tests for COPD, as they measure lung function and can detect airflow obstruction. The COPD Assessment Test is a questionnaire used to assess the impact of COPD on a patient's life, and is not diagnostic on its own. The forced expiratory time maneuver is a quick screening tool that may suggest the presence of COPD, but is not as accurate as spirometry. A lung radiograph may show changes associated with COPD but is not specific to the disease and may also miss early or mild cases.

Question 2

A patient diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease reports daily symptoms of dyspnea and cough. Which medication will the primary health care provider prescribe?&#10;A) Ipratropium bromide&#10;B) Pirbuterol acetate&#10;C) Salmeterol xinafoate&#10;D) Theophylline

Accepted Answer

Ipratropium bromide is an anticholinergic medication that helps relieve bronchospasm and reduce secretions, making it a good choice for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who present with dyspnea and cough. Pirbuterol acetate and salmeterol xinafoate are both bronchodilators but may not be as effective for reducing secretions. Theophylline is a methylxanthine that can also help dilate bronchioles, but can have significant side effects and requires careful monitoring of blood levels.

Question 3

Which is characteristic of obstructive bronchitis and not emphysema?&#10;A) Damage to the alveolar wall&#10;B) Destruction of alveolar architecture&#10;C) Mild alteration in lung tissue compliance&#10;D) Mismatch of ventilation and perfusion

Accepted Answer

Mild alteration in lung tissue compliance is characteristic of obstructive bronchitis, not emphysema. Emphysema is characterized by destruction of alveolar architecture and damage to the alveolar wall, while obstructive bronchitis is characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to airflow limitation. Mismatch of ventilation and perfusion can occur in both conditions.

Deck 88: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease