Question 1

A child presenting with a high fever, bilateral conjunctivitis, and a desquamating rash is presumed to have a vasculitic disease. What is the likely treatment for this child?&#10;A) Antibiotic therapy for 10 to 14 days&#10;B) Aspirin (ASA) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)&#10;C) High-dose prednisolone therapy&#10;D) Immunosuppressant medications

Accepted Answer

The child's presentation is consistent with Kawasaki disease, a vasculitic disease that affects young children. Treatment typically consists of high-dose aspirin and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Antibiotic therapy is not indicated unless there is evidence of secondary bacterial infection. High-dose prednisolone therapy and immunosuppressant medications are not commonly used in the treatment of Kawasaki disease.

Question 2

A patient has a palpable purpura rash. This finding is most consistent with what condition?&#10;A) Small-vessel vasculitis&#10;B) Medium-vessel vasculitis&#10;C) Large-vessel vasculitis&#10;D) Central-vessel vasculitis

Accepted Answer

Palpable purpura is a classic finding in small-vessel vasculitis, also known as leukocytoclastic vasculitis. It is characterized by inflammation and damage of the small blood vessels in the skin, leading to the appearance of palpable purple spots or bruises. Medium-vessel and large-vessel vasculitis typically do not present with palpable purpura. Central-vessel vasculitis is not a recognized subtype of vasculitis.

Question 3

Which is a distinctive finding in patients who are diagnosed with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)?&#10;A) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP)&#10;B) Hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen&#10;C) Increased eosinophils&#10;D) Positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA)

Accepted Answer

A distinctive finding in patients with EGPA is an increased number of eosinophils. ESR and CRP may be elevated but are not specific to EGPA. HBV surface antigen may be positive in patients with hepatitis, but it is not specific to EGPA. Positive ANA may be present in various autoimmune diseases, but it is not specific to EGPA.

Deck 200: Vasculitis