Question 1

What is important about increased PAI-1 levels in patients?&#10;A) They cause increased insulin resistance.&#10;B) They are associated with metabolic syndrome.&#10;C) They lower the risk of hypertension.&#10;D) They predispose patients to dyslipidemia.

Accepted Answer

Increased levels of PAI-1 have been linked to metabolic syndrome, which is a group of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.

Question 2

Which medication given for patients with metabolic syndrome is most likely to lower PAI-1 levels?&#10;A) Aspirin&#10;B) Atorvastatin&#10;C) Metformin&#10;D) Niacin

Accepted Answer

Metformin has been shown to significantly decrease PAI-1 levels in patients with metabolic syndrome. Aspirin and niacin have not been consistently shown to affect PAI-1 levels, and while atorvastatin may have some effect, it is not as pronounced as with metformin.

Question 3

Which findings are part of the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) Decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels&#10;B) Elevated waist circumference&#10;C) Fasting plasma glucose $\ge$ 100 mg/dL&#10;D) HDL cholesterol $\ge$45 mg/dL&#10;E) Triglycerides$\ge$150 mg/dL&#10;

Accepted Answer

The diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome include elevated waist circumference (indicating central obesity), fasting plasma glucose of 100 mg/dL or higher (indicating impaired fasting glucose), and triglycerides of 150 mg/dL or higher. These factors are part of the criteria used to diagnose metabolic syndrome, which also includes low HDL cholesterol and high blood pressure, but the correct HDL cholesterol levels for diagnosis are lower than the value provided in option D, and high plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels are associated with metabolic syndrome, contrary to the decrease mentioned in option A.

Deck 192: Metabolic Syndrome