Deck 27: Human Reproduction, Sex, and Sexuality

Question 1

All the factors that contribute to one's female or male nature are referred to as ___________.

Answer 1

Males and females have different behavior by nature. This difference includes the structure and function of the sex organs, sexual behavior and culture difference. Thus, the factors that contribute the nature behavior of female and male are term as sexuality.
Hence, all the factors that contribute to one's female or male nature referred to as sexuality.

Question 2

Define the term sexuality.

Answer 2

Sexuality encompasses all the factors that make a sex what it is. It includes both anatomical as well as psychological sex. It includes both primary and secondary sexual characteristics. The gonads, presence of male (testosterone) or female hormones (estrogen), the pitch of voice in both of the sexes, breasts and mammary glands in females as well as the sexual behavior, all of them are included in the sexuality. All these characteristics are interlinked though and genome and brain of an organism might play a role in it, too.

Question 3

Hormones in the Environment
The practice of medicine has increasingly moved in the direction of using medications containing steroids to control disease or regulate function, as in birth-control pills. To meet these demands, the pharmaceutical industry produces enormous amounts of these drugs. However, what happens to these drugs once they enter the body? Although some of the drug is destroyed in controlling disease or regulating a function, such as ovulation, a certain amount is not and is excreted. There is some concern about the amount of medical steroids entering the environment in this way. What effects might they have on the public, who unintentionally ingest these as environmental contaminants? Consider the topics of sexual reproduction, the regulation of hormonal cycles, and fetal development, and explain (1) how you would determine "acceptable levels" of such contaminants, (2) what might happen if these levels were exceeded, and (3) what steps might be taken to control such environmental contamination.

Answer 3

The medicines contain steroids, which on consumption enter the body and are released into the blood. It performs chemical changes in the body. It performs various detoxifying activities in various organs of the body. It destroys the participation of the foreign bodies.
The effects of drugs on the public, who unintentionally ingest these as environmental contaminants with respect to sexual reproduction is that it breaks down complex substances into simpler ones. It does not harm the body until consumed in large quantity. The acceptable levels of the contaminants are determined by the quantity of the contaminants.
If they are in bulk then it may attack the body to harm it. If the levels exceed then it may damage certain organs of the body. It will give rise to certain organisms in the body which is not suitable for the body. The steps taken to control such environmental contamination are to provide a clean environment, proper and good quality food, and proper medicines taken in time.
The effects of drugs on the public, who unintentionally ingest these as environmental contaminants with respect to the regulation of hormonal cycles is that increases the rate of performance of the hormones. It enhances the performance of the hormones. The acceptable levels of the contaminants are determined by the functioning of the hormones.
The secretion of the hormone is affected by the high levels of the contaminants. The high rate of contaminants may decrease the secretion by hormones. The steps taken to control such environmental contamination are to provide proper medication if required to the patient and to take full precautions.

Question 4

Humans have a total of ___________ chromosomes, ________ of which are considered sex-determining.
a. 44, 2
b. 23, 2
c. 48, 4
d. 46, 2

Question 5

How do psychologists, biologists, and anthropologists differ in how they view sexuality?

Question 6

In humans, the _______ acts as a master switch, triggering the events that convert an embryo into a male.

A) SRY gene
B) TDF gene
C) Y-gene
D) Turner's gene

Question 7

What does the term intersexual mean? How does it differ from the term transgender ?

Question 8

Men with Klinefelter's syndrome may be sterile and show breast enlargement, an incomplete masculine body form, a lack of facial hair, and some minor learning problems.

Question 9

How is homosexuality different from transgender behavior?

Question 10

Semen is produced by the testes.

Question 11

What is the primary biological function of sexuality?

Question 12

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is produced by the

A) hypothalamus.
B) pituitary.
C) testes.
D) corpus leuteum.

Question 13

Describe changes in the body that are associated with foreplay and orgasm.

Question 14

Birth control pills contain hormones.

Question 15

Describe the processes that cause about 50% of babies to be born male and 50% to be born female.

Question 16

The unequal division that occurs during oogenesis results in the formation of smaller cells that do not develop into true eggs, called _________.

Question 17

Name two developmental abnormalities associated with nondisjunction of chromosomes.

Question 18

If a woman normally has a regular 21-day menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs about day __________ in the cycle.

Question 19

When in embryological development does sexual differentiation begin?

Question 20

If an embryo splits during cleavage into two separate groups of cells, __________ twins may develop.

Question 21

What triggers sexual differentiation in embryos?

Question 22

Transgender individuals have a psychological view of themselves that is different from their physical bodies.

Question 23

What are the effects of the secretions of the pituitary, the gonads, and the adrenal glands at puberty in females?

Question 24

Homosexuality appears to have a genetic basis.

Question 25

What role does testosterone play in male sexual maturation?

Question 26

The cells released during ovulation

A) are diploid.
B) were present in the ovaries for several years.
C) contain Y chromosomes.
D) None of the above is correct.

Question 27

What structures are associated with the human male reproductive system? What are their functions?

Question 28

The hormone progesterone is produced by the

A) corpus luteum.
B) pituitary.
C) hypothalamus.
D) uterus.

Question 29

How is meiosis involved in spermatogenesis?

Question 30

Fertilization of an egg usually takes place in the ___________.

Question 31

What structures are associated with the human female reproductive system? What are their functions?

Question 32

What are the differences between oogenesis and spermatogenesis in humans?

Question 33

How do birth control pills prevent ovulation?

Question 34

What changes occur in ovulation and menstruation during pregnancy?

Question 35

What are the functions of the placenta?

Question 36

What causes the genetic differences between fraternal twins?

Question 37

Describe hormonal methods of conception control.

Question 38

Describe barrier methods of conception control.

Question 39

What is dilation and curettage?

Question 40

How does RU-486 work?

Question 41

What is menopause?

Question 42

How does sexual function change with age?