Deck 41: International and World Trade Law

Question 1

The president is the agent of the United States in dealing with foreign countries.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Article II,Section 2,Clause 2 of the United States Constitution is also known as the Supremacy Clause.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The United Nations is headquartered in Geneva,Switzerland.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The federal government of the United States can enter into a treaty with the country of China whereby the two countries agree to reduce trade barriers between the two countries; however,the state of California cannot enter into a treaty with the country of China that reduces trade barriers between the state of California and China.

Question 5

Article I,Section 8,Clause 3 of the United States Constitution vests the federal judiciary with the power "to regulate commerce with foreign nations."

Question 6

A state may not enter into a treaty with a foreign nation,even if the treaty does not conflict with any other treaties,and even if it does not interfere with foreign commerce.

Question 7

Treaties are entered into by the president of the United States,and must be approved by a two-thirds vote of the United States Congress.

Question 8

The United States Constitution does not vest exclusive power over foreign affairs in the federal government.

Question 9

A treaty is an agreement or a contract between two (2)or more nations that is formally signed by an authorized representative and ratified by the supreme power of each nation.

Question 10

Any state or local law that unduly burdens foreign commerce is unconstitutional and is a violation of the Foreign Commerce Clause.

Question 11

The United Nations (UN)was created by a multilateral treaty on October 24,1975.

Question 12

Article I,Section 8,Clause 3 of the United States Constitution is also referred to as the Foreign Commerce Clause.

Question 13

Article II,Section 2,Clause 2 of the United States Constitution states that the federal judiciary "shall have the power,by and with the advice and consent of the Senate,to make treaties,provided two-thirds of the senators present concur."

Question 14

Under the Treaty Clause,only the federal government can enter into treaties with foreign nations.

Question 15

Treaties differ from conventions in that treaties are usually agreements directly between the signatory nations.

Question 16

"Multilateral" treaties are between two nations,while "bilateral" treaties involve more than two nations.

Question 17

In terms of the international affairs of the United States,the Constitution gives most of the power to the individual states.

Question 18

A state may legally impose a large tax on foreign goods sold within the state,if the tax is designed to protect a state industry.

Question 19

Under the Subordination Clause of the United States Constitution,treaties become part of the "law of the land," and conflicting state or local law is void.

Question 20

Most countries of the world are members of the United Nations.

Question 21

Nations,individuals,or businesses can have cases decided by the World Court.

Question 22

The EU treaty creates open borders for trade by providing for the free flow of capital,labor,goods,and services among member nations.

Question 23

The moderator administers the day-to-day operations of the United Nations.

Question 24

The UN Security Council is primarily responsible for maintaining international peace and security; the Security Council does not,however,have authority to use armed forces.

Question 25

The World Bank provides money to developing countries to fund projects for humanitarian purposes and to relieve poverty.

Question 26

The UN General Assembly is composed of fifteen (15)member nations,five (5)of which are permanent members.

Question 27

The UN Security Council is composed of all UN member nations.

Question 28

The European Union represents more than 500 million people and a gross community product that exceeds that of the United States,Canada,and Mexico combined.

Question 29

The goals of the United Nations are to maintain peace and security in the world,promote economic and social cooperation,and protect human rights.

Question 30

The Secretary General of the United Nations is elected by the Security Council,and the election must be ratified by the General Assembly.

Question 31

The World Court is the executive branch of the United Nations.

Question 32

The European Union (EU)is formerly called the European Community or Common Market.

Question 33

The United Nations is governed by the General Assembly,the Security Council,and the Secretariat.

Question 34

The EU Commission is independent of its member nations.

Question 35

The International Court of Justice is also called the League of Nations.

Question 36

Members of the European Union have delegated substantial powers to the European Union Commission,including the authority to enact legislation and to take enforcement actions to ensure member compliance with the European Union treaty.

Question 37

The World Bank is a United Nations agency that comprises eighteen (18)member nations.

Question 38

The International Monetary Fund is part of the United Nations.

Question 39

The International Court of Justice is located in Geneva,Switzerland.

Question 40

The International Court of Justice is composed of fifteen (15)judges who serve 9-year terms.

Question 41

The three nations that signed the North American Free Trade Agreement were the United States,Mexico,and Quebec.

Question 42

There is no European Union central bank.

Question 43

Aside from the North American Free Trade Agreement,Mexico has not entered into any other free trade agreement.

Question 44

The North American Free Trade Agreement established a minimum wage standard for the three signatory countries in order to protect jobs.

Question 45

A majority vote of existing EU members is needed to admit a new member.

Question 46

The North American Free Trade Agreement was formed in 1992 with only three nations.

Question 47

The North American Free Trade Agreement set immigration and emigration quotas on the signatory countries in order to assist in economic control.

Question 48

Many economists assert that NAFTA is not a "free trade" pact,but is instead a managed trade agreement.

Question 49

The North American Free Trade Agreement has some special protection for some industries.

Question 50

GATT is a multilateral treaty that establishes trade agreements and limits tariffs and trade restrictions among its more than 150 member nations.

Question 51

The countries that have voted to use the euro comprise the eurozone.

Question 52

The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries consists exclusively of countries from the Middle East.

Question 53

All EU countries have voted to use the euro.

Question 54

Under the North American Free Trade Agreement,a country can re-impose tariffs if an import surge from one of the other nations hurts its economy or workers.

Question 55

Japan belongs to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations,but China does not.

Question 56

The North American Free Trade Agreement includes strict provisions in favor of environmental protection,applicable to all three (3)of its trading bloc nations.

Question 57

The proposed "Free Trade Area of the Americas" would amend the North America Free Trade Agreement so that the only participants are the United States and Mexico.

Question 58

The euro can be used in all countries of the eurozone.

Question 59

The United States is not a signatory to the Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA).

Question 60

The World Trade Organization was established by the United Nations in 1995.

Question 61

Under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act,a foreign country is absolutely immune from lawsuits in the United States for disputes involving any commercial activity.

Question 62

Since the World Trade Organization's international trade rules are capitalist in nature,socialist countries are not eligible to join the organization.

Question 63

Islamic law is called Halakhah.

Question 64

The "act of state" doctrine states that judges of one country are free to question the validity of all acts committed by another country.

Question 65

One of the primary functions of the WTO is to hear and decide trade disputes between member nations.

Question 66

All members of the United Nations General Assembly are automatically members of the World Trade Organization.

Question 67

The WTO is an international organization whose headquarters is located in Geneva,Switzerland.

Question 68

One criticism of the World Trade Organization is that it does not have an appellate process for its decisions.

Question 69

Members of the World Trade Organization "panel" are professional business executives from member nations.

Question 70

In order to prevent bias,international disputes generally cannot be heard by the national courts of any party to the dispute.

Question 71

The WTO has become the world's most important trade organization.

Question 72

A "choice of law" clause designates which nation's laws will be applied in deciding a case.

Question 73

A "choice of forum" clause automatically determines that the forum nation's laws are applied in settling a dispute.

Question 74

The WTO dispute settlement body is required to adopt the WTO panel report unless the body,by consensus,agrees not to adopt it.

Question 75

Jewish law is decided by rabbis,who are scholars of the Torah and other Jewish scriptures.

Question 76

Payment of interest on loans is prohibited under Hindu law.

Question 77

The WTO has jurisdiction to enforce the most important and comprehensive trade agreements in the world among its more than 150 member nations.

Question 78

The WTO has been referred to as the World Congress of Trade.

Question 79

A WTO member nation that believes that another member nation has breached one of the trade agreements can initiate a proceeding to have the WTO hear and decide the dispute.

Question 80

Appeals from decisions made by the dispute settlement body of the World Trade Organization are heard by the International Court of Justice.