Deck 4: Pavlovian Applications

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Question
People are most likely to come to tolerate painful and humiliating events if these events consistently .

A)precede positive events
B)occur simultaneously with positive events
C)follow positive events
D)occur by themselves over a long period
Use Space or
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Question
The Watson and Rayner experiment with Little Albert involved the procedure known as .

A)trace conditioning
B)delayed conditioning
C)simultaneous conditioning
D)backward conditioning
Question
The research that is most helpful to an understanding of racial prejudice is probably that of .

A)Watson and Rayner
B)Garcia
C)Pavlov
D)Staats and Staats
Question
The most recent variation of counterconditioning involves .

A)programmed texts
B)psychoactive drugs
C)virtual reality
D)sleep conditioning
Question
If a person sneezes after coming close to a realistic-looking artificial flower, you can be pretty sure that he or she is .

A)allergic to plastic
B)allergic to pollen
C)faking
D)nearsighted
Question
Elnora Stuart and colleagues paired slides of pleasant scenes with .

A)hair tonic
B)shampoo
C)toothpaste
D)milk
Question
Pedophilia is sometimes treated with a form of counterconditioning called .

A)sexual reorientation
B)surrogate training
C)sexual inhibition therapy
D)aversion therapy
Question
Senatorial candidate Smith's popularity increased dramatically after he was seen on television shaking hands with a very popular public figure.This is probably an example of .

A)preconditioning
B)emotional conditioning
C)masochistic behavior
D)backward conditioning
Question
The CS and US in the Garcia et al.experiment were .

A)flavored water and radiation
B)bell and food
C)food and bell
D)light and loud buzzer
Question
Conditioned suppression is used as a measure of .

A)anger
B)love
C)hate
D)fear
Question
In therapy, a stimulus that elicits an inappropriate response is paired with an aversive stimulus such as shock or an emetic drug.

A)counter-
B)adversive
C)aversion
D)shock
Question
Little Albert has grown up and sees a therapist for treatment of his fear of laboratory rats and other white, furry things.The therapist is most likely to treat him by repeatedly pairing a piece of white fur with a .

A)loud noise
B)piece of brown fur
C)blast of air in his eye
D)short piece of Albert's favorite music
Question
Blue jays usually do not eat Monarch butterflies.This is an example of a/an .

A)conditioned taste aversion
B)fixed action pattern
C)unconditional response
D)conditioned emotional response
Question
Garcia's first experiment on taste aversion was unusual in that the .

A)subjects were pigeons
B)interval between CS and US was several minutes
C)US was very weak
D)CS was very intense
Question
The use of euphemisms is best explained by the work of .

A)Watson
B)Jones
C)Staats and Staats
D)Pavlov
Question
Conditioned Reflexes and Psychiatry was written by .

A)Ivan Pavlov
B)Mary Cover Jones
C)John Watson and Rosalie Rayner
D)Joseph Wolpe
Question
Research shows that when women receiving chemotherapy return to the hospital, they show .

A)increased immune functioning
B)decreased immune functioning
C)no change in immune functioning
D)incidental conditional responses
Question
The CS and US in the Little Albert experiment were a .

A)rat and loud sound
B)rabbit and loud sound
C)rabbit and slap
D)rabbit and shock
Question
In treating Peter's fear of rabbits, Jones used a procedure called .

A)systemic fear reduction
B)pseudoconditioning
C)counterconditioning
D)restitution therapy
Question
The studies of Carolyn and Arthur Staats demonstrating that words paired with pleasant words become pleasant are examples of .

A)first-order conditioning
B)tertiary conditioning
C)higher-order conditioning
D)oral conditioning
Question
Pavlovian conditioning is an adaptive mechanism but can nevertheless result in the acquisition of maladaptive behavior.
Question
Diana Woodruff-Pak found that people who condition slowly are more likely to develop .

A)autism
B)anxiety disorders
C)dementia
D)prejudices
Question
If an aversive stimulus, such as a noxious odor, regularly precedes a pleasant stimulus, such as a tasty meal, the former stimulus may lose much of its unpleasant quality.
Question
Morgan Doran and his colleagues found that after taste aversion training would remove weeds from a vineyard without damaging the grape plants.

A)goats
B)sheep
C)llamas
D)cows
Question
The term used to refer to sexual behavior disapproved of by society is .

A)teraforms
B)hedomanias
C)paraphilias
D)dysentias
Question
A VRET program for treating spider phobias is called .

A)SpiderWorld
B)Arachnophilia
C)Spider Killer
D)Spidex
Question
A survey of male college students found that had participated in some sort of voyeuristic activity.

A)2%
B)12%
C)22%
D)42%
Question
Studies of taste aversion demonstrate that conditioning can occur despite a long inter-stimulus interval.
Question
Garcia's interest in the role of learning in taste aversions may have begun when he became sick after eating .

A)chocolate
B)licorice
C)strawberries
D)a hot dog
Question
A follow up of exhibitionists treated by Barry Maletzky with a variation of aversion therapy showed that those who had undergone treatment involuntarily .

A)improved as much as voluntary patients
B)improved, but not as much as voluntary patients
C)improved during treatment, but soon reverted to their old ways
D)did not improve
Question
Pavlovian conditioning accounts for negative emotions, but not for positive ones.
Question
Shepard Siegel's work suggests that some deaths attributed to are actually the result of conditioning.

A)accident
B)drunk driving
C)drug overdose
D)heart attack
Question
Pavlov found that when he paired painful stimuli with food, the dog came to show no distress at the painful stimuli.This experiment may help explain behavior in humans.

A)aggressive
B)exhibitionistic
C)sadistic
D)masochistic
Question
The phenomenon of suggests that we should be more likely to develop aversions to novel foods than to familiar ones.

A)overshadowing
B)blocking
C)latent inhibition
D)counterconditioning
Question
Peter's fear, like Albert's, was the result of conditioning by a researcher.
Question
Barry Maletzky treated exhibitionists by having them imagine that they were about to perform the inappropriate behavior, and then .

A)sounding a loud horn
B)showing them a photograph of a bloody scene
C)giving them a mild electric shock
D)exposing them to an unpleasant odor
Question
wrote:"The inborn reflexes by themselves are inadequate to ensure the continued existence of the organism...."

A)Carl Gustavson
B)John Garcia
C)Ivan Pavlov
D)Joseph Wolpe
Question
The CS in the Little Albert experiment was a .

A)rabbit
B)rat
C)teddy bear
D)mouse
Question
Barbara Rothbaum and colleagues used virtual reality exposure therapy to treat a fear of .

A)snakes
B)dogs
C)spiders
D)flying
Question
The first person to use counterconditioning to treat a phobia was probably .

A)Rosalie Rayner
B)Carl Rogers
C)Mary Cover Jones
D)John
B)Watson
Question
VRET owes a debt to the work of Mary Cover Jones.
Question
Peter's fear of a rabbit was established in a laboratory.
Question
Describe how you might have cured Little Albert's phobia.
Question
Arne Ohman and his colleagues used conditioning to establish a fear of in college students.
Question
Blue jays acquire a taste aversion for .
Question
How do the experiments of Carolyn and Arthur Staats help us understand prejudice?
Question
Describe the work of Watson and Rayner with Little Albert.
Question
Exposure therapy is really a form of counterconditioning.
Question
Staats and Staats demonstrated that both positive and negative biases could be established through conditioning.
Question
Political campaign ads attempt to use conditioning by pairing their candidate with stimuli that evoke positive emotions and by pairing the opponent candidate with stimuli that evoke negative emotions.
Question
Summarize Garcia's work on taste aversion.Explain how his work differed from most studies of
Pavlovian conditioning.
Question
John Watson is often said to have ignored emotions, but in fact he was among the first to study them
experimentally.
Question
What are the practical implications of Siegel's work for people who use narcotic drugs?
Question
How might you use Pavlovian conditioning to produce a boost in the body's immune system in response to a CS?
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Deck 4: Pavlovian Applications
1
People are most likely to come to tolerate painful and humiliating events if these events consistently .

A)precede positive events
B)occur simultaneously with positive events
C)follow positive events
D)occur by themselves over a long period
A
2
The Watson and Rayner experiment with Little Albert involved the procedure known as .

A)trace conditioning
B)delayed conditioning
C)simultaneous conditioning
D)backward conditioning
B
3
The research that is most helpful to an understanding of racial prejudice is probably that of .

A)Watson and Rayner
B)Garcia
C)Pavlov
D)Staats and Staats
D
4
The most recent variation of counterconditioning involves .

A)programmed texts
B)psychoactive drugs
C)virtual reality
D)sleep conditioning
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
5
If a person sneezes after coming close to a realistic-looking artificial flower, you can be pretty sure that he or she is .

A)allergic to plastic
B)allergic to pollen
C)faking
D)nearsighted
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
6
Elnora Stuart and colleagues paired slides of pleasant scenes with .

A)hair tonic
B)shampoo
C)toothpaste
D)milk
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
7
Pedophilia is sometimes treated with a form of counterconditioning called .

A)sexual reorientation
B)surrogate training
C)sexual inhibition therapy
D)aversion therapy
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
8
Senatorial candidate Smith's popularity increased dramatically after he was seen on television shaking hands with a very popular public figure.This is probably an example of .

A)preconditioning
B)emotional conditioning
C)masochistic behavior
D)backward conditioning
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
9
The CS and US in the Garcia et al.experiment were .

A)flavored water and radiation
B)bell and food
C)food and bell
D)light and loud buzzer
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
10
Conditioned suppression is used as a measure of .

A)anger
B)love
C)hate
D)fear
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
11
In therapy, a stimulus that elicits an inappropriate response is paired with an aversive stimulus such as shock or an emetic drug.

A)counter-
B)adversive
C)aversion
D)shock
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
12
Little Albert has grown up and sees a therapist for treatment of his fear of laboratory rats and other white, furry things.The therapist is most likely to treat him by repeatedly pairing a piece of white fur with a .

A)loud noise
B)piece of brown fur
C)blast of air in his eye
D)short piece of Albert's favorite music
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
13
Blue jays usually do not eat Monarch butterflies.This is an example of a/an .

A)conditioned taste aversion
B)fixed action pattern
C)unconditional response
D)conditioned emotional response
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
14
Garcia's first experiment on taste aversion was unusual in that the .

A)subjects were pigeons
B)interval between CS and US was several minutes
C)US was very weak
D)CS was very intense
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
15
The use of euphemisms is best explained by the work of .

A)Watson
B)Jones
C)Staats and Staats
D)Pavlov
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
16
Conditioned Reflexes and Psychiatry was written by .

A)Ivan Pavlov
B)Mary Cover Jones
C)John Watson and Rosalie Rayner
D)Joseph Wolpe
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
17
Research shows that when women receiving chemotherapy return to the hospital, they show .

A)increased immune functioning
B)decreased immune functioning
C)no change in immune functioning
D)incidental conditional responses
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
18
The CS and US in the Little Albert experiment were a .

A)rat and loud sound
B)rabbit and loud sound
C)rabbit and slap
D)rabbit and shock
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
19
In treating Peter's fear of rabbits, Jones used a procedure called .

A)systemic fear reduction
B)pseudoconditioning
C)counterconditioning
D)restitution therapy
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
20
The studies of Carolyn and Arthur Staats demonstrating that words paired with pleasant words become pleasant are examples of .

A)first-order conditioning
B)tertiary conditioning
C)higher-order conditioning
D)oral conditioning
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
21
Pavlovian conditioning is an adaptive mechanism but can nevertheless result in the acquisition of maladaptive behavior.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
22
Diana Woodruff-Pak found that people who condition slowly are more likely to develop .

A)autism
B)anxiety disorders
C)dementia
D)prejudices
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
23
If an aversive stimulus, such as a noxious odor, regularly precedes a pleasant stimulus, such as a tasty meal, the former stimulus may lose much of its unpleasant quality.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
24
Morgan Doran and his colleagues found that after taste aversion training would remove weeds from a vineyard without damaging the grape plants.

A)goats
B)sheep
C)llamas
D)cows
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
25
The term used to refer to sexual behavior disapproved of by society is .

A)teraforms
B)hedomanias
C)paraphilias
D)dysentias
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
26
A VRET program for treating spider phobias is called .

A)SpiderWorld
B)Arachnophilia
C)Spider Killer
D)Spidex
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
27
A survey of male college students found that had participated in some sort of voyeuristic activity.

A)2%
B)12%
C)22%
D)42%
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
28
Studies of taste aversion demonstrate that conditioning can occur despite a long inter-stimulus interval.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
29
Garcia's interest in the role of learning in taste aversions may have begun when he became sick after eating .

A)chocolate
B)licorice
C)strawberries
D)a hot dog
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
30
A follow up of exhibitionists treated by Barry Maletzky with a variation of aversion therapy showed that those who had undergone treatment involuntarily .

A)improved as much as voluntary patients
B)improved, but not as much as voluntary patients
C)improved during treatment, but soon reverted to their old ways
D)did not improve
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
31
Pavlovian conditioning accounts for negative emotions, but not for positive ones.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
32
Shepard Siegel's work suggests that some deaths attributed to are actually the result of conditioning.

A)accident
B)drunk driving
C)drug overdose
D)heart attack
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
33
Pavlov found that when he paired painful stimuli with food, the dog came to show no distress at the painful stimuli.This experiment may help explain behavior in humans.

A)aggressive
B)exhibitionistic
C)sadistic
D)masochistic
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
34
The phenomenon of suggests that we should be more likely to develop aversions to novel foods than to familiar ones.

A)overshadowing
B)blocking
C)latent inhibition
D)counterconditioning
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
35
Peter's fear, like Albert's, was the result of conditioning by a researcher.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
36
Barry Maletzky treated exhibitionists by having them imagine that they were about to perform the inappropriate behavior, and then .

A)sounding a loud horn
B)showing them a photograph of a bloody scene
C)giving them a mild electric shock
D)exposing them to an unpleasant odor
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
37
wrote:"The inborn reflexes by themselves are inadequate to ensure the continued existence of the organism...."

A)Carl Gustavson
B)John Garcia
C)Ivan Pavlov
D)Joseph Wolpe
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
38
The CS in the Little Albert experiment was a .

A)rabbit
B)rat
C)teddy bear
D)mouse
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
39
Barbara Rothbaum and colleagues used virtual reality exposure therapy to treat a fear of .

A)snakes
B)dogs
C)spiders
D)flying
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
40
The first person to use counterconditioning to treat a phobia was probably .

A)Rosalie Rayner
B)Carl Rogers
C)Mary Cover Jones
D)John
B)Watson
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
41
VRET owes a debt to the work of Mary Cover Jones.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
42
Peter's fear of a rabbit was established in a laboratory.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
43
Describe how you might have cured Little Albert's phobia.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
44
Arne Ohman and his colleagues used conditioning to establish a fear of in college students.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
45
Blue jays acquire a taste aversion for .
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
46
How do the experiments of Carolyn and Arthur Staats help us understand prejudice?
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
47
Describe the work of Watson and Rayner with Little Albert.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
48
Exposure therapy is really a form of counterconditioning.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
49
Staats and Staats demonstrated that both positive and negative biases could be established through conditioning.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
50
Political campaign ads attempt to use conditioning by pairing their candidate with stimuli that evoke positive emotions and by pairing the opponent candidate with stimuli that evoke negative emotions.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
51
Summarize Garcia's work on taste aversion.Explain how his work differed from most studies of
Pavlovian conditioning.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
52
John Watson is often said to have ignored emotions, but in fact he was among the first to study them
experimentally.
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
53
What are the practical implications of Siegel's work for people who use narcotic drugs?
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
54
How might you use Pavlovian conditioning to produce a boost in the body's immune system in response to a CS?
Unlock Deck
Unlock for access to all 54 flashcards in this deck.
Unlock Deck
k this deck
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