Question 1

A 10-year-old male was physically abused for the previous 4 years.He reports feeling stressed all the time and frequently gets ill.Which of the following hormones is most likely suppressed in this child?

A) Endorphins
B) Growth hormone
C) Prolactin
D) Cortisol

Growth hormone

Accepted Answer

Increased levels of growth hormone are associated with psychological stimuli associated with stress and,thus,increase the chance of becoming ill.
Increased levels of growth hormone are associated with psychological stimuli associated with stress; endorphins do not affect this.
Increased levels of growth hormone are associated with psychological stimuli associated with stress; prolactin does not affect this.
Increased levels of growth hormone are associated with psychological stimuli associated with stress; cortisol does not affect this.

Question 2

A 50-year-old female is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the adrenal cortex.Which of the following would be expected?&#10;A) Decreased blood pressure&#10;B) Increased lipogenesis of face and trunk&#10;C) Increased lipogenesis of extremities&#10;D) Decreased gastric secretion

Accepted Answer

Increased release of cortisol leads to increased lipogenesis of face and trunk.
Increased release of cortisol leads to increased blood pressure.
Increased release of cortisol leads to lipolysis,not lipogenesis,of the extremities.
Increased release of cortisol leads to increased gastric secretion.

Question 3

A 30-year-old male develops poison ivy after mowing the lawn near the woods.His primary care provider prescribes a synthetic cortisol.How will the cortisol relieve his symptoms?&#10;A) Suppressing Th1 cell activity&#10;B) Increasing cytokine secretion&#10;C) Suppressing natural killer cell activity&#10;D) Increasing Th2 activity

Accepted Answer

Cortisol suppresses Th1 responses.
Cortisol does not increase cytokine secretion.
Cortisol does not suppress natural killer cell activity.
Cortisol suppresses Th2 activity.

Question 4

A 10-year-old female is arriving at a national spelling bee contest.Her heart starts beating faster and harder,and she begins to sweat.Which of the following is she experiencing?&#10;A) Anticipatory response&#10;B) Homeostasis&#10;C) Reactive response&#10;D) Exhaustion stage

Accepted Answer

Anticipation of experiencing these events produces a physiologic stress response.
Homeostasis is a steady state.
Reactive response occurs following a stressful event; the student is anticipating a stressful event.
Exhaustion stage is the final stage of the stressful response.

Question 5

Which of the following hormones activates adrenergic receptors?&#10;A) Oxytocin&#10;B) Prolactin&#10;C) Epinephrine&#10;D) Somatotropin

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine activates adrenergic receptors.
Oxytocin activates receptors in the uterus.
Prolactin does not activate adrenergic receptors.
Somatotropin activates protein and carbohydrate metabolism.

Question 6

Stress induces sympathetic stimulation of the adrenal medulla.This causes the secretion of catecholamines,which include:&#10;A) Epinephrine and aldosterone&#10;B) Norepinephrine and cortisol&#10;C) Epinephrine and norepinephrine&#10;D) Cortisol and aldosterone

Accepted Answer

The catecholamines are epinephrine and norepinephrine.
The catecholamines are epinephrine and norepinephrine,not aldosterone.
The catecholamines are epinephrine and norepinephrine,not cortisol.
The catecholamines are epinephrine and norepinephrine,not cortisol and aldosterone.

Question 7

When assessing the effects of elevated &#226;-endorphins in a patient,which of the following should the nurse monitor?&#10;A) Peripheral vasoconstriction&#10;B) Hyperglycemia&#10;C) Pain inhibition&#10;D) Decreased immune cell activity

Accepted Answer

Elevated â-endorphins activate endorphin (opiate)receptors on peripheral sensory nerves leading to pain relief or analgesia.
Elevated â-endorphins activate endorphin (opiate)receptors on peripheral sensory nerves leading to pain relief or analgesia,not vasoconstriction.
Elevated â-endorphins activate endorphin (opiate)receptors on peripheral sensory nerves leading to pain relief or analgesia,not hyperglycemia.
Elevated â-endorphins activate endorphin (opiate)receptors on peripheral sensory nerves leading to pain relief or analgesia,not decreased immune cell activity.

Question 8

A female student is driving to school when another driver nearly hits her.Her heart begins beating harder and faster as she becomes aroused and scared.Which of the following stages of the general adaptation syndrome is she experiencing?

A) Alarm stage
B) Stage of resistance
C) Adaptation
D) Exhaustion

Accepted Answer

The alarm stage is manifested by arousal of the body's defenses.
The stage of resistance is the second step.
Adaptation is a part of resistance.
Exhaustion marks the breakdown of compensatory mechanisms.

Question 9

Selye reported several structural changes in rats exposed to repeated stressors.These included:&#10;A) Hypertrophy of the thymus gland&#10;B) Ulceration in the gastrointestinal system&#10;C) Atrophy of the cortex in the adrenal gland&#10;D) Fight or flight response

Accepted Answer

Selye found the development of bleeding ulcers in response to stress.
Selye found atrophy,not hypertrophy,of the thymus gland.
Selye found enlargement of the cortex,rather than atrophy.
The flight or fight response was part of the general adaptation syndrome,not a structural change.

Question 10

Stress-induced catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla may result in:&#10;A) Decreased blood flow to the brain&#10;B) Elevated blood pressure&#10;C) Increased glycogen synthesis in the liver&#10;D) Decreased muscle contraction resulting from energy depletion

Accepted Answer

Catecholamine release results in elevated blood pressure.
Catecholamine release results in increased blood flow to the brain.
Catecholamine release results in increased glucose production,not glycogen synthesis.
Catecholamine release results in increased muscle contraction.

Question 11

After teaching about coping,which information indicates a correct understanding? Coping is best defined as the process of:&#10;A) Adjusting to disease&#10;B) Preventing psychological distress&#10;C) Mediating anger&#10;D) Managing stressful challenges

Accepted Answer

The answer of After teaching about coping,which information indicates a...

Question 12

Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and _____ is not successful.&#10;A) Fight or flight&#10;B) Alarm&#10;C) Adaptation&#10;D) Arousal

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and _____...

Question 13

After teaching about stress,which information indicates a correct understanding of stress?&#10;A) It worsens but does not cause disease.&#10;B) It can be viewed as transactional.&#10;C) It is a psychologic, rather than biologic, event.&#10;D) It is a passive event.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After teaching about stress,which information indicates a...

Question 14

When teaching about the stress-age syndrome,what information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) Decreased cortisol secretion&#10;B) Increased thyroxine&#10;C) Immunodepression&#10;D) Increased catecholamine secretion&#10;E) Hypercoagulation of the blood&#10;F) Free radical damage

Accepted Answer

The answer of When teaching about the stress-age syndrome,what information...

Question 15

When dealing with repression in patients,which of the following assessment findings are associated with repression? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) Decreased monocyte counts&#10;B) Increased eosinophil counts&#10;C) Decreased serum glucose&#10;D) Increased pulse rates&#10;E) Increased medication reactions

Accepted Answer

The answer of When dealing with repression in patients,which of...

Question 16

A 35-year-old male is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the adrenal medulla.He experiences elevated blood pressure,pupil dilation,"goose bumps," and increased anxiety.Which of the following hormones is the predominant one released by the tumor?

A) Antidiuretic hormone
B) Acetylcholine
C) Norepinephrine
D) Cortisol

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 35-year-old male is diagnosed with a...

Question 17

A nurse recalls stress-induced stimulation of the adrenal cortex causes it to secrete:&#10;A) Estrogen&#10;B) Cortisol&#10;C) Parathyroid hormone&#10;D) Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse recalls stress-induced stimulation of the...

Question 18

A male student arrives at school to find that he has an exam for which he is unprepared.Which of the following would be expected?&#10;A) Decreased lipolysis&#10;B) Bronchoconstriction&#10;C) Decreased cortisol release&#10;D) Increased glucagon release

Accepted Answer

The answer of A male student arrives at school to...

Deck 8: Stress and Disease