Deck 6: Aquatics and Hydrotherapy

Question 1

Which of the following advantages could be attributed to land exercises, but would NOT be attributable to deep-water exercises?

A)Reduced weight-bearing medium for aggressive exercises for patients recovering from stress fractures
B)Effective low-back exercise medium during late pregnancy
C)Increased oxygen consumption during exercises from submersion
D)Maximum weight-bearing to minimize effects of osteoporosis

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following would increase the difficulty in performing activities in an aquatic environment?

A)Increasing the temperature and the length of time in the water
B)Increasing the surface area of the parts moving in the water
C)Decreasing the temperature of the water
D)Changing the temperature of the water, increasing the length of time in the water, and increasing the surface area of the parts moving in the water

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure exerted by water on an object immersed in water. Of what potential clinical significance is this phenomenon?

A)The pressure will support the individual standing in the water.
B)The pressure is thought to help control inflammation with water exercise.
C)The pressure will make it more difficult for patients to breathe during water exercise.
D)There is no clinical significance.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Viscosity is a measure of the frictional resistance caused by cohesive or attractive forces between the molecules of a liquid. What effect does water temperature have on viscosity of the water?

A)None
B)The higher the temperature, the lower the viscosity of the water
C)The lower the temperature, the lower the viscosity of the water
D)The higher the temperature, the higher the viscosity of the water

Question 5

Center of buoyancy (COB) and center of gravity (COG) are functionally similar. If a flotation device is placed anterior to the chest while a patient is submersed in water, what position will this tend to cause the spine to be placed in?

A)Extension to maintain an upright posture
B)Flexion to maintain an upright posture
C)Neutral to maintain an upright posture
D)A flotation device anterior to the chest will have no effect on the spine

Question 6

How would buoyancy potentially affect joint compression for water running or water walking?

A)It would increase joint compression.
B)It would reduce joint compression.
C)It would have no effect on joint compression.
D)It would mask the effects of joint compression.

Question 7

What would be done to progress a patient within an aquatic environment to promote greater amounts of weight-bearing?

A)Encourage the patient to leave the water.
B)Gradually decrease the depth of water in which the patient is weight-bearing.
C)Gradually increase the depth of water in which the patient is weight-bearing.
D)Encourage the patient to place more of his or her weight on the injured extremity in the water.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true and most representative for individuals with a true phobia of water?

A)Hydrotherapy is contraindicated.
B)An aquatic pool may not be tolerated as well as a whirlpool.
C)A whirlpool would not be tolerated.
D)An aquatic pool may be tolerated better than a whirlpool.

Question 9

A patient standing in water at a depth up to the axillae would be considered standing with what?

A)Buoyancy assisted and buoyancy supported
B)Buoyancy resisted
C)Buoyancy supported
D)Buoyancy assisted

Question 10

Hydromechanics is a term used to refer to movement through water. It is a function of velocity of movement, surface area of the moving object, and direction of the movement of the immersed object. Which of the following best describes the influence of laminar flow in water?

A)It offers resistance to initiation of movement as inertial forces are overcome.
B)It is the horizontal flow of water passing over a body part in motion that creates drag.
C)It inhibits movement by resisting forward motion.
D)It is the force that works in the direction opposite of gravity.

Question 11

Buoyancy is a force that works in the opposite direction as gravity. When an object is placed in water, water displacement will occur because of the upward pressure of buoyancy. How will this affect weight-bearing joints in an aquatic environment?

A)It will help to decrease weight-bearing, depending upon the depth of the water and the extent of immersion.
B)It will help to increase weight-bearing, depending upon the depth of the water and the extent of immersion.
C)It will have negative effects on weight-bearing and should be avoided.
D)It will have no effect on weight-bearing joints.

Question 12

Hydromechanics is a term used to refer to movement through water. It is a function of velocity of movement, surface area of the moving object, and direction of the movement of the immersed object. Which of the following best describes the influence of drag in water?

A)It offers resistance to initiation of movement as inertial forces are overcome.
B)It is the horizontal flow of water passing over a body part in motion that creates drag.
C)It inhibits movement by resisting forward motion.
D)It is the force that works in the direction opposite of gravity.

Question 13

Hydromechanics is a term used to refer to movement through water. It is a function of velocity of movement, surface area of the moving object, and direction of the movement of the immersed object. Which of the following best describes the influence of frontal resistance in water?

A)It offers resistance to initiation of movement as inertial forces are overcome.
B)It is the horizontal flow of water passing over a body part in motion that creates drag.
C)It inhibits movement by resisting forward motion.
D)It is the force that works in the direction opposite of gravity.

Question 14

Specific gravity is the weight of a particular substance compared with the weight of an equal volume of water. What happens when a patient's body has a specific gravity above 1.0 and he or she is attempting to float in the water?

A)The patient will tend to sink below the surface of the water.
B)The patient will tend to float just below the surface of the water.
C)The patient will float on the surface of the water.
D)The patient will stand in the water.

Question 15

Specific gravity is the weight of a particular substance compared with the weight of an equal volume of water. What happens when a patient's body has a specific gravity below 1.0, and he or she is submersed in water?

A)The patient will tend to sink below the surface of the water.
B)The patient will tend to float just below the surface of the water.
C)The patient will float on the surface of the water.
D)The patient will stand in the water.

Question 16

Hydrostatic pressure increases as the depth of immersion increases. Which of the following physiologic changes also will result from an increase in the hydrostatic pressure?

A)Venous return will decrease.
B)Heart rate will increase.
C)Peripheral blood flow will de-centralize.
D)Heart rate will decrease.

Question 17

Deep water exercises are those that take place in an aquatic pool that is deep enough so that the patient's feet do not touch the bottom. What types of devices are NOT worn by the patient in deep water to help maintain an upright posture?

A)Buoyancy-assisted devices
B)Buoyancy-resisted devices
C)Tethers to the side of the pool
D)Flotation devices

Question 18

Viscosity is a measure of the frictional resistance caused by cohesive or attractive forces between the molecules of a liquid. What effect does water temperature have on resistance to movement in the water?

A)None
B)The higher the temperature, the lower the resistance to movement in the water
C)The lower the temperature, the lower the resistance to movement in the water
D)The higher the temperature, the higher the resistance to movement in the water

Question 19

Whirlpools have been used for many years in the treatment of open wounds, fractures, and other orthopedic injuries. What must be cleaned to decrease the spread of infection from whirlpools?

A)The tanks
B)The turbines
C)The tanks and turbines
D)The patients

Question 20

If a patient fully inflates his or her lungs while immersed in water, what is most likely to happen?

A)Fully inflating the lungs will have no effect on a patient in an aquatic environment.
B)The patient will be more likely to sink.
C)The patient will be more likely to float.
D)The patient will build more confidence in the aquatic environment.