Deck 10: Adult Relationships: Singlehood, Cohabitation, and Marriage

Question 1

Using Stein's Singlehood Typology, into what category would we place clergy who have taken a vow of celibacy?

A)Voluntary temporary singles
B)Involuntary temporary singles
C)Voluntary permanent singles
D)Involuntary permanent singles

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following demographic trends, if any, has accompanied the recent increase in singlehood?

A)Purposeful elongation of time spent living away at college.
B)Decreased reports of infidelity among the married.
C)Increased financial support provided to young adults by their families of origin.
D)None of the above.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Of all of the reasons given by people for cohabiting listed in your text, which was the most popular reason given?

A)Wanted to have a trial relationship to be sure.
B)Planned to get married later.
C)They were about to have a child/children together.
D)Financial reasons.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Historically, being single was looked at as

A)An early adulthood transition stage before marriage.
B)Something very few people would do by choice.
C)Something you do before you have children with your heterosexual spouse.
D)All of the above.

Question 5

According to the scholar who originated the concept, how long does it take for a typical urban tribe to reach full form and functionality?

A)Five weeks or so.
B)Five months or so.
C)Five semesters or so.
D)Five years or so.

Question 6

According to the CDC's statistics on relationship status in the U.S., which of the following groups have the lowest rate of cohabitation at the birth of their first child?

A)Hispanic females
B)Black females
C)White females
D)Asian females

Question 7

Current trends show an increase in people who

A)marry.
B)re-marry.
C)stay single.
D)have children before the age of 25.

Question 8

Which of the following, if any, are some of the trends associated with living in a contemporary individualistic culture?

A)People are encouraged to seek self-fulfillment.
B)More people who cohabit end up deciding to marry.
C)People make choices based on the best interests of society as a whole.
D)None of the above.

Question 9

What is an urban tribe?

A)Microgroups in metropolitan areas who share common interests.
B)Informal support systems for singles.
C)A concept observed and named by a French sociologist named Michel Maffesoli.
D)All of the above.

Question 10

According to recent research by scholars Trask and Koivunen, about 75% of the women they asked said they expected to get married after cohabitation.How many of these women actually did marry their partners?

A)About 75%
B)About 50%
C)About 33%
D)About 25%

Question 11

What kind of societal nature seems to drive our life choices in mainstream America, according to many scholars such as Anne-Marie Lambert?

A)Collectivist
B)Individualist
C)Mercenary
D)Existentialist

Question 12

Which of the following is considered a characteristic of cohabitation based on recent research?

A)About 10% of people in their 20s and 30s live together before marriage.
B)For self-identified gays and lesbians nationwide, at least 50% are cohabiting.
C)Rates of cohabitation tend to be consistent across different parts of the U.S.
D)Couples who cohabit before marriage are less likely to divorce in the first 5 years.

Question 13

What is the main goal accomplished by the development of Stein's Singlehood Typology?

A)It illustrates the diversity and fluidity of life among people who are single.
B)It allows us to understand what is wrong with people who remain unmarried.
C)It explains singlehood very briefly and clearly.
D)It promotes the institution of marriage.

Question 14

According to the data mentioned in your text, which of the following, if any, are true about people who are widowed?

A)There are a lot more women than men who outlive their spouses.
B)When women are widowed, they are more likely to remarry than males.
C)Pensions and Social Security benefits provide potential financial independence for many people who are widowed.
D)Both A and C are true

Question 15

Which of the following, if any, does your text say may be disadvantages of cohabitation?

A)Cohabiting before marriage is associated with increased risk of domestic violence.
B)Couples are less likely than married partners to be sexually faithful.
C)Cohabiting is associated with higher divorce rates if marriage occurs.
D)All of the above.

Question 16

According to your text, why are gay men and lesbians often viewed by social scientists as never-married singles?

A)Because they describe themselves that way in most research on the topic.
B)Because their partnerships are typically less enduring that those of heterosexual couples.
C)Because they do not yet have the legal privileges of marriage in all states.
D)None of the above.

Question 17

Looking at the information in this chapter as a whole, it seems that cohabitation is most likely to begin _______________.

A)after becoming engaged
B)informally or ambiguously
C)at the request of a male partner
D)at the request of a female partner

Question 18

Which of the following, if any, are factors influencing the ability to expand time spent single during young adulthood?

A)Increased opportunities for women to obtain educational credentials and jobs that pay more than a living wage.
B)The many opportunities for success in the contemporary American economy.
C)Increased instances of parents who defend the choices of their adult children to their disapproving peers.
D)All of the above.

Question 19

The primary comparison to be made between the voluntary temporary singles and involuntary temporary singles is

A)The immediate intent of involuntary temporary singles to look for a mate.
B)The immediate intent of voluntary temporary singles to look for a mate.
C)The general dissatisfaction they both have concerning their singlehood.
D)The general content they both have concerning their singlehood.

Question 20

According to recent surveys, which of the following age groups represent the largest group of cohabiting couples?

A)Early 20s/College students
B)Mid- to late 20s
C)30s and 40s
D)60s and 70s

Question 21

What is the HRC [Human Rights Campaign]?

A)A pro-life campaign associated with a family policy "think-tank."
B)A civil rights organization dedicated to ending discrimination for LGBT people and couples.
C)A human rights organization dedicated to advocating for children adopted trans-nationally.
D)A civil rights organization dedicated to ensuring certain rights for cohabiting couples that are usually only available to married couples.

Question 22

According to your text, which of the following is not descriptive of the perceptions and expectations that each person brings into an intimate partnership?

A)They are often declared openly.
B)They are often left unspoken.
C)They are always unrealistic.
D)They are sometimes realistic

Question 23

Of the groups discussed in your text, which of the following, if any, reported the highest levels of sexual satisfaction in a recent survey about sexual relationships?

A)Gay men and lesbians.
B)Cohabiting couples.
C)Monogamous married couples.
D)None of the above.

Question 24

Scholars of relationships consider there to be more than one kind of Extramarital Sex (EMS).Which of the following is seen as a category of EMS?

A)Clandestine
B)Unambiguous
C)Non-Consensual
D)All of the above

Question 25

Which of the following, if any, does your text say may be advantages of cohabitation?

A)Couples can live for almost half the money it would take alone.
B)Couples report higher levels of gender equity in household labor.
C)Couples have more pre-planned activities and routines.
D)All of the above.

Question 26

As of 2010, which of the following states issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples?

A)Iowa
B)North Dakota
C)New Jersey
D)None of the above.

Question 27

Which of the following, if any, are considered examples of ERI?

A)Flirting
B)Mutual masturbation
C)Close friendship
D)All of the above.

Question 28

Depending on the situation, spouses sometimes decide to _________ their partner's infidelity.

A)Seek divorce because of
B)Tolerate
C)Avoid learning details of
D)All of the above.

Question 29

According to your text, what are the main arguments made by those against marital rights for LGBT couples?

A)Marriage is a social institution for men and women almost by definition.
B)Establishing the right would further erode family values as they existed in the golden era of marriage, the 1950s.
C)If same sex couples are allowed to marry they may gain the right to have children, thus increasing the problems experienced by children without access to both parents (in this case, parents of both genders).
D)All of the above.

Question 30

According to recent research by Lawrance and colleagues as mentioned in your book, sexual satisfaction in long term heterosexual relationships is associated with

A)Frequency of sexual interaction.
B)Time spent alone as a couple on a regular basis.
C)Partners' perceptions of the relationship.
D)The physical health of the partners.

Question 31

According to your text, how many categories of ERI are there?

A)1
B)3
C)5
D)7

Question 32

Which of the following states recognize same-sex marriages that took place in other states?

A)New York
B)Washington, DC
C)Rhode Island
D)All of the above

Question 33

Which of the following does your text describe as regularly observed rules of swinging among heterosexual couples?

A)There are no pre-set rules for increased spontaneity.
B)Sex with others is considered an emotionally charged activity.
C)It's often seen as a social activity that's all about sex.
D)Participants consider their marriages to be open in a general sense.

Question 34

Which of the following, if any, are described by your text as viable forms of open marriage?

A)Either partner can be sexually involved with an outside person, but they do not discuss it.
B)Either partner can be sexually involved with an outside person, but they must discuss it in detail after the fact.
C)Either partner can be sexually involved with an outside person.They have discussed and agreed upon it, but the one acting on it must get each outside person pre-approved.
D)Both A and C are true.

Question 35

Which of the following are not legal privileges associated with marriage in the U.S.?

A)The right to visit a spouse in the hospital.
B)The right to joint custody of children.
C)Higher rates of public assistance for families in need.
D)Health insurance coverage rights for a spouse.

Question 36

Because extramarital activities are generally committed without the permission or knowledge of the other partner, they are sometimes referred to by scholars of relationships as _________

A)"involuntary."
B)"security breaches."
C)"invasions."
D)None of the above

Question 37

Which of the following are included in your text's description of infidelity?

A)It is also referred to as "extramarital affairs" and/or "extramarital experiences."
B)It is a violation of the couple's agreed upon rules of their relationship.
C)It tends to be defined the same way across individual relationships.
D)Both A and B are true.

Question 38

In the language of your textbook, what is an ERI?

A)Eventually Repaired Intimacy
B)Extensive Relational Infidelity
C)Extra Relationship Involvement
D)Both A and B are true.

Question 39

According to multiple research findings on couples' relationship satisfaction, the more __________ there was in the relationship, the greater the sexual and marital relationship satisfaction that was reported.

A)affection and ample yearly income
B)affection and sexual behavior
C)affection and shared household labor
D)None of the above.

Question 40

_______________ is considered to be a factor associated with increased risk of ERI/EMS.

A)Being male
B)Being an older married couple
C)The personality trait of altruism
D)None of the above

Question 41

Urban tribes do not show notable similarities to families.

Question 42

What issue below, if any, explains the relevance of "marriage models?"

A)They subconsciously help us choose appropriate partners.
B)Couples tend to openly discuss and agree on them before marriage.
C)They can help predict future areas of the relationship that may need attention.
D)None of the above.

Question 43

In the not-too-distant past, cohabitation was sometimes referred to as "living in sin."

Question 44

Which of the following, if any, are terms sometimes used to refer to people who practice polyamory?

A)Polys
B)Swingers
C)Pluralists
D)None of the above.

Question 45

It is legal to cohabit in all parts of the U.S.

Question 46

Peoples' reasons for marrying tend to be quite varied.

Question 47

Which of the following is often reported by therapists as the most difficult relationship issue to treat in counseling?

A)Extramarital affairs
B)Open marriages
C)Estrangement between partners
D)The stress of having one partner losing his or her job.

Question 48

According to your text, couples in which at least one partner had established an outside relationship on the internet reported which of the following insights, if any?

A)That it was less painful than a "real" extramarital affair.
B)That they had been perfectly happy before the internet relationship was established.
C)That they were just as devastating as in affairs conducted in person.
D)None of the above.

Question 49

According to your text, what do the majority of scholars of relationships expect to see in the long term?

A)A return to traditional nuclear families.
B)Wide acceptance of many expressions of relationships, monogamous or otherwise.
C)More participation in open relationships.
D)Probable increases in diverse family forms, with unpredictable societal reactions to them.

Question 50

Which of the following kind of exposure to marriage models tend to produce the more satisfied relationship partners in the long run?

A)Those who have experienced many positive models.
B)Those who have experienced many negative models.
C)Those who have experienced a mixture of positive and negative models.
D)There is no way to tell; everyone understands the influence of their models to varying extents.

Question 51

Which of the following have been reported to be common reactions to learning their partner had an extramarital experience?

A)Feelings of paranoia
B)Feelings of shame
C)Depression
D)All of the above.

Question 52

The typical sex scripts by which we are socialized in Western Culture tend to emphasize different reasons for having sex according to gender.

Question 53

The acronym, DOMA, refers to the Defense of Marriage Act signed into law by President Obama in 2010.

Question 54

Stein's typology of types of singlehood help us understand that being single is a fluid and dynamic experience.

Question 55

By definition, what is polyamory?

A)A synonym for the practice of open marriage.
B)Another way to refer to the practice of swinging.
C)Practicing more than one committed relationship at a time, with full knowledge and consent.
D)All of the above.

Question 56

The U.S.government gives each state the power to determine the rights and privileges associated with marriage.

Question 57

People who choose to date recognize it is a step towards marriage.

Question 58

Generally, cohabiting women tend to be younger than cohabiting men.

Question 59

Which of the following might be realistic sources for marital models?

A)Family of origin
B)Religious tenets
C)Peers or loved ones
D)All of the above.

Question 60

Which of the following social worries or forms of discrimination have been reported by people practicing polyamory?

A)Lack of written custody laws make them fear acts of intervention from Child Protective Services.
B)Job discrimination.
C)Their extended families can become estranged and/or negative.
D)All of the above.

Question 61

What personality traits has research found that seem to lend themselves to cheating in romantic relationships? Please name at least one.

Question 62

Some say that cohabitation is not really an alternative to marriage; it is an alternative to being single.What does this mean and why does it make sense in some ways?

Question 63

In the majority of research on relationships, who seems to report the highest levels of sexual satisfaction?

Question 64

How do you see fidelity and infidelity-are they binary categories we define in "black and white" or do they have a continuum of "gray areas?" Support your argument with information from your text and your own opinions.

Question 65

What couples are at higher risk for extramarital activities, and why?

Question 66

In your personal opinion, is marriage a civil right, or a social institution in need of regulation or protection? Please support your answer with information from your text.

Question 67

Is extramarital activity that is limited to emotional involvement less, more, or similarly devastating to the relationship as extramarital sexual activity? Please give rationale for your answer.

Question 68

When asked, "Why did you get married rather than live together?" what were some of the reported reasons? How relevant do these reasons seem to you? Were you expecting to see any reasons that were not there?

Question 69

Revisit the comments about men vs.women and their differences in terms of the relationship between the act of sex and emotional attachment.What do you think of the conclusions? Do men have an easier time separating the emotion from the act? Is it harder for women? Do you think ANY women can separate it? If so, what sets them apart?

Question 70

Across all races and ethnicities, are there a larger percentage of single and widowed women or men? What are some possible explanations for the answer?

Question 71

In the past, how did American culture tend to view the role being single within the context of a person's lifespan development?

Question 72

What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of cohabitating? Having seen both lists, what is your opinion on the topic? Has it changed since reading the chapter?

Question 73

Which demographic group do recent polls report have the highest percentage of single people in the U.S.? Why do you think this might be?

Question 74

What is the relationship between the length of a couple's marriage and their likelihood of cheating?
Essay:

Question 75

The age at which people marry seems to fluctuate over time.What are some possible reasons for this?

Question 76

How does one define clandestine extramarital activity? Please include at least one example.