Deck 6: Energy Balance

Question 1

The basal metabolic rate is controlled by the hormone

A) cortisol.
B) growth hormone.
C) thyroxine.
D) insulin.

Answer 1

C
The hormone thyroxine controls the metabolic rate in the body.The thyroid function test can assess metabolism by measuring the activity of the gland and the blood levels of its hormone.thyroxine.

Question 2

The term for the effect of food intake on the metabolic rate is

A) the thermic effect of food.
B) the resting metabolic rate.
C) the total energy requirement.
D) indirect calorimetry.

Answer 2

A
Once food is eaten.it stimulates metabolism and requires extra energy for digestion.absorption.and transport of the nutrients to the cells.This stimulation is referred to as the thermic effect of food.

Question 3

Indirect calorimetry is used to measure

A) basal or resting energy expenditure.
B) the thermic effect of food.
C) energy expended in physical activity.
D) body mass index

Answer 3

A
Indirect calorimetry measures the amount of energy a person uses while at rest.A portable metabolic cart allows the person to breathe into an attached mouthpiece or ventilated hood system while lying in bed.and the normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide is measured.The metabolic rate can be determined from the rate of oxygen utilization.

Question 4

The total number of kilocalories in a snack that contains 10 g carbohydrate.2 g protein.and 5 g fat is _____ kcal.

A) 17
B) 68
C) 93
D) 153

Question 5

When energy intake exceeds energy expenditure.the result can be

A) anorexia.
B) malnutrition.
C) weight gain.
D) hyperactivity.

Question 6

The unit of measurement used to refer to the amount of energy in food is the

A) watt.
B) kilogram.
C) milligram.
D) kilocalorie.

Question 7

After foods are eaten.they are converted into which of the following body fuels?

A) Amino acids and fatty acids
B) Fatty acids and glucose
C) Glucose and triglycerides
D) Glycogen and glucose

Question 8

An activity that results in increased energy expenditure is

A) cleaning the house.
B) balancing a checkbook.
C) experiencing emotional stress.
D) playing video games.

Question 9

Energy is lost from the body as

A) heat.
B) urine.
C) sweat.
D) fat.

Question 10

Metabolically active tissues in the body include

A) the heart, kidneys, and liver.
B) the brain, nerves, and hair.
C) the liver, kidney, fingernails, and toenails.
D) all body tissues.

Question 11

The sum of basal metabolism.energy expended in physical activity.and the thermic effect of food is known as

A) the metabolic rate.
B) energy intake.
C) basal energy needs.
D) the total energy requirement.

Question 12

Which of the following foods has the greatest caloric density?

A) A banana
B) Bread
C) Nuts
D) Milk

Question 13

Nutrient density means the

A) total weight of the nutrients in a food.
B) digestibility of the nutrients in a food.
C) concentration of energy in a given amount of food.
D) concentration of nutrients in a given amount of food.

Question 14

The body's sources of stored energy include

A) glucose.
B) adipose tissue.
C) undigested food.
D) bone.

Question 15

The thermic effect of food refers to the fact that

A) all nutrients contain calories.
B) certain foods are more stimulating than others to the gastrointestinal tract.
C) the presence of food in the stomach starts the process of digestion.
D) the process of digestion, absorption, and metabolism of food requires energy.

Question 16

What is a nutrient that does not provide energy for the body?

A) A carbohydrate
B) A protein
C) A vitamin
D) Fat

Question 17

Which of the following represents an external energy cycle?

A) The moon
B) Growing plants
C) Crystals
D) Metabolism

Question 18

The first source of stored energy to be used during a period of fasting is

A) amino acids.
B) glycogen.
C) adipose tissue.
D) glucose.

Question 19

The metabolic rate would increase significantly with a body temperature of

A) 97.4° F.
B) 98.4° F.
C) 98.6° F.
D) 101.2° F.

Question 20

The amount of energy the body needs to maintain life while at digestive.physical.and emotional rest is called

A) the basal metabolic rate.
B) indirect calorimetry.
C) the respiratory quotient.
D) total energy expenditure.

Question 21

A 75-year-old man's energy intake should focus on meals

A) high in calories with nutrient-dense foods.
B) low in calories and high in fiber and meat.
C) with lower energy density and high nutrient density.
D) high in energy, vitamins, and minerals.

Question 22

Fever increases the basal metabolic rate by approximately

A) 1% for each 1° F increase.
B) 7% for each 1° C increase.
C) 1% for each 7° F increase.
D) 7% for each 1° F increase

Question 23

The liver and muscles store enough glycogen to last

A) 4 to 6 hours.
B) 6 to 24 hours.
C) 12 to 48 hours.
D) 24 to 72 hours.

Question 24

Energy expenditure is increased by

A) physical exercise.
B) mental work.
C) stress.
D) fatigue.

Question 25

Energy needs per pound of body weight

A) increase with age.
B) increase throughout childhood.
C) decrease with age.
D) are greater in women than in men.

Question 26

The person requiring the highest energy needs per unit of body weight is a

A) 15-year-old boy.
B) 45-year-old man.
C) 75-year-old grandmother.
D) 7-year-old girl.

Question 27

Mr.Jones normally has a basal metabolic rate of 1500 kcal.He develops a fever of 100.6° F.His rate would now be approximately _____ kcal.

A) 1550
B) 1600
C) 1710
D) 1830

Question 28

In cases of extreme starvation.the energy substrate used as a last resort would be

A) glycogen.
B) muscle mass.
C) adipose tissue.
D) bone mass.

Question 29

Resting energy expenditure is

A) the same as basal energy expenditure.
B) slightly higher than basal energy expenditure.
C) slightly lower than basal energy expenditure.
D) more accurate for predicting energy needs than is basal energy expenditure.

Question 30

The estimated daily basal metabolic rate for a man who weighs 150 lb is _____ kcal.

A) 1500
B) 1575
C) 1636
D) 1686