Deck 4: Introduction to Qualitative Research

Question 1

Which of the following are the general purposes of phenomenological research?

A)To generate theory
B)To describe the lived experience
C)To observe and document interactions within an existent culture
D)To elicit, without judgment, participants' subjective experiences, in context
E)To describe the single reality expressed by a group of participants

Answer 1

To describe the lived experience
To elicit, without judgment, participants' subjective experiences, in context

Question 2

What is exploratory-descriptive qualitative research?

A)Research that elicits the perceptions of participants to provide insights for understanding patients and groups
B)Quantitative research that contains descriptions
C)Research that contains elements of at least two other types of qualitative research
D)Mixed methods research
E)Studies that are guided by the philosophy of pragmatism with a focus on problem solving

Answer 2

Research that elicits the perceptions of participants to provide insights for understanding patients and groups
Studies that are guided by the philosophy of pragmatism with a focus on problem solving

Question 3

Which of the following are the characteristics of grounded theory research?

A)It focuses on experiences and processes, against the backdrop of society.
B)The theory it generates may be tested by subsequent quantitative research.c.It always develops theory.
D)It provides as complete a description as possible of a phenomenon of interest.
E)It is able to be used effectively only in healthcare settings.

Answer 3

It focuses on experiences and processes, against the backdrop of society.
The theory it generates may be tested by subsequent quantitative research.c.It always develops theory.
It provides as complete a description as possible of a phenomenon of interest.

Question 4

A certain qualitative mode of enquiry assumes the position that there is no single reality. Because of this, the reality experienced by each participant is unique. Because experience is subjective, the experienced reality is the subject's reality. The method does not perform reality checks in order to determine whether a participant's story is "true" or not. To which ones of the following would these statements pertain?

A)Husserlian phenomenology
B)Ethnography
C)Historicism
D)Heideggerian phenomenology
E)Grounded theory

Question 5

What are the general truths of symbolic interaction theory, as utilized in grounded theory research?

A)Perceptions of one's interactions with others shape one's self-view.
B)Perceptions of one's interactions with others shape subsequent interactions.
C)A person is "embodied" and experiences the world within that body.
D)The culture determines behavior; the persons comprise the culture.
E)Persons within a social structure share symbols that have meaning for them.

Question 6

A research study about holiday celebrations is based on a philosophy or philosophical perspective. In the analysis, the authors state that they reflected upon the data for several weeks, reading and rereading interviews, in order to capture their meaning. Aside from descriptive statistics addressing the sample, all the results are presented in narrative form. Which of the following statements are true?

A)The philosophy for the study is logical positivism.
B)The sample size was decided upon using power analysis.
C)In this method, meaning emerges from the data.
D)The data analysis process seems to be inductive.
E)The method was shaped by the authors' philosophical perspectives.

Question 7

What are the focal points of the four schools of thought within ethnography?

A)To relieve oppression and empower a group to take action on its own behalf
B)To investigate cultural structures, focusing on groups and their social patterns
C)To construct theories that explain cultural interactions
D)To understand values and thinking that collectively result in behaviors and symbols of the individuals within a culture
E)To provide a comprehensive holistic description of a culture

Question 8

A researcher investigates the fact that women with chronic pain are more apt to be assessed and treated for depression than are men with chronic pain, representing a possible inequity of diagnostic delivery, based on gender. Which qualitative strategy will most likely be used to study this topic?

A)Grounded theory
B)Exploratory-descriptive qualitative research
C)Phenomenology
D)Critical research

Question 9

What does the "grounded" in grounded theory mean?

A)Small pieces of data are "ground up" in the analysis process.
B)The theory that emerges is "grounded" in real-world data.
C)No theory is groundless.
D)All data must be "on the ground" and written out fully.

Question 10

An ethnographic researcher plans to study organizations and how they promote or suppress individual effort. What type of ethnography will the researcher select?

A)Classical ethnography
B)Systematic ethnography
C)Interpretive ethnography
D)Critical ethnography

Question 11

Which of the following are the general purposes of ethnographic research?

A)To describe events within a culture in the distant past
B)To describe a culture
C)To construct theories that explain cultural interactions
D)To measure the effect of living conditions on human care, health, and nursing process
E)To explore meanings of social actions against a cultural backdrop
F)To travel to other countries or regions in order to expand our understanding of our home culture
G)To provide an internal (emic) or external (etic) point of view, or both, about a culture

Question 12

Why is the Sunrise Model of ethnonursing more specific to health than other ethnography models?

A)It was created by a nurse.
B)It values the point of view of the individual.
C)It focuses on factors that impact health.d.It explains how various levels of culture interact.

Question 13

Which statements best describe the differences between Heideggerian and Husserlian phenomenology?

A)Husserl proposed that the researcher could identify and set aside his or her own private attitudes and opinions before data analysis.
B)Heidegger postulated that a person interacted with the world only through his or her physical body.
C)Heideggerians believe that the past has no influence on present thought.
D)Heideggerian phenomenologists posit that the person is situated in a specific context and time that shape his or her experiences, paradoxically freeing and constraining the person's ability to establish meanings through language, culture, history, purposes, and values.
E)Husserl's enquiry focused on the perception one places on the livid experience, especially on the meaning of that experience.