Deck 22: Using Statistics to Describe Variables

Question 1

The median is represented by which score for the following data set?
Data set: 1, 2, 4, 7, 7, 8, 10, 10, 10, 18

A)10
B)8
C)7.5
D)7

Answer 1

7.5

Question 2

Which measure is merely a simple difference score?

A)Standard deviation = 2.41
B)Difference scores = -2, -2, -1, +2, and +3
C)Range = 8
D)Variance = 5.80

Answer 2

Range = 8

Question 3

Which measure is the most helpful both for providing a quantification of dispersion and for providing a way to interpret how far away from the mean each individual score is?

A)Standard deviation
B)Difference scores
C)Range
D)Magnitude

Answer 3

Standard deviation

Question 4

Female baccalaureate nursing students scored an average of 89% on the first midterm examination. Male baccalaureate nursing students also scored an average of 89% on the first midterm examination. What does this mean?

A)The same number of men and women failed the test.
B)If the passing score is 75%, fewer students failed in both groups than the number that passed.
C)The overall combined average on the midterm, for both groups, is 89%.
D)Both classes have the same range.
E)Both classes have identical variances and standard deviations.
F)The median score is the same for both classes.
G)The mode score is the same for both classes.

Question 5

The Stanford Binet Intelligence Quotient is a normed intelligence test, and its IQ measures are quite normally distributed. Its standard deviation is 16. If the test were perfectly normal in its distribution, this would mean which of the following?

A)There are more people with IQs of 100 than any other number.
B)For every person with an IQ of 120, there is one with an IQ of 80.
C)More than 95% of people have IQs between 68 and 132.
D)If someone's IQ is measured as 109, and years later is measured as 112, someone else's IQ has dropped three points.
E)About 14% of people have IQs between 117 and 132.
F)Excluding people with IQs of exactly 100, half of the remainder have IQs lower than 100, and the other half have IQs higher than 100.

Question 6

A researcher wants to select a way to measure how values in a research study are dispersed around the mean, and how homogeneous or heterogeneous they are, for a ratio-level variable. The researcher might select which of the following?

A)Mode
B)Range
C)Frequency distribution
D)Mean
E)Standard deviation

Question 7

The data set is: 2, 3, 6, 7, 12. A measure of dispersion is calculated, and it is about 3.5. What is this measure of dispersion?

A)The difference score
B)The variance
C)The range
D)The standard deviation

Question 8

The data set is as follows: Ford, Ford, Chevy, Toyota, Ford, Ford, Chevy, Dodge, Dodge, Dodge, Ford, Subaru, Chevy, Toyota, Chevy. What measure of central tendency and dispersion will be used with this set?

A)Difference scores
B)Range
C)Median
D)Mode

Question 9

The confidence interval for 5-year survival after Stage I breast cancer, in a large sample of women living in Texas, is 87.5% to 93.3%, at a p < 0.05 level of significance. What does this mean?

A)Texan women in the near future will be likely to have about a 90% chance of living 5 years after they are newly diagnosed with Stage I breast cancer.
B)Women in Texas with Stage I breast cancer have a 95% chance of 90% survival, over a 5-year period.
C)Women in Texas with Stage I breast cancer have an 86% chance of 5-year survival.
D)In any sample of women in Texas newly diagnosed with Stage I breast cancer, there is about a 95% chance that their collective survival 5 years from now will be around 90%.
E)Women in Texas can feel 95% confident that they will survive Stage I breast cancer.

Question 10

Twenty student nurses take the NCLEX examination. If the average of the 20 scores is known, how many degrees of freedom are there in the sample?

A)18
B)19
C)20
D)21

Question 11

There is a data set A: 3, 3, 3, 5, 6, 6, 8, 9, 9, 12, 13.
The data set B is created. It is identical to A, except for its much larger last value.Data set B: 3, 3, 3, 5, 6, 6, 8, 9, 9, 12, 83. What is the effect of increasing the largest value upon the descriptive statistics of the data set?

A)The mean increases.
B)The median increases.
C)The mode increases.
D)The set's distribution changes from perfectly normal to somewhat skewed.
E)The standard deviation increases.
F)The variance increases.
G)The range increases.

Question 12

Descriptive statistics are found in which of the following?

A)All quantitative descriptive research reports
B)Some qualitative research reports
C)All quantitative inferential research reports
D)No qualitative research reports
E)Some quantitative inferential research reports