Deck 20: Presenting Insights and Findings: Oral Presentations

Question 1

Distinguish between the following:
a. Improptu speaking and an extemporaneous presentation.
b. The motivated sequence and the cause/effect/solution pattern of organization.
c. The rule of three in organizing and the rule of thirds in visualizing.
d. Clutter and jargon in the delivery of a presentation.

Answer 1

The research report submitted contains all the nitty-gritty's of the research, but the researcher usually has to present the takeaways to the client in the form of a presentation. Such oral presentations need to deliver the insights gained from the study.
a
The difference between impromptu speaking and extemporaneous speaking are:
• Impromptu speaking requires presenting without proper preparation and done on the spot. It is not suggested for a research presentation.
• Extemporaneous speaking requires preparation of important points, insights and key takeaways that need to be covered. Short notes can also be prepared on the topic. This is suggested in research presentations.
b
The difference between them are:
• A motivated sequence is a logical series of ideas that follows rational thinking and reasoning. It encourages the listener to follow the speaker's thoughts. It consists of these steps:
Attention: attracts towards the subject.
Need: Need for changes in the current state due to issues present
Satisfaction: Provide logical explanations to issues presented that fulfil the needs of the listener.
Visualisation: Use diagrams, graphics, pictorial representations of the study to increase understanding
Action: A detailed recommendation on the steps that need to be taken for implementation of changes.
• Starts directly with cause currently being studied. The next part is the effect that it produces and why it should be corrected. This proceeds with the solutions that need to be put in place.
c
The differenc between them are
• The rule of three in organising is related to the guidelines for use of a sequence of 3 steps to organise any subject. The 3 dimensions could be past/present/future or cause/effect/solution. Presenting in the format helps the listener to better understand the scenario.
• Rule of thirds in visualizing is a method to present the most important detail in the crosshairs of imaginary lines dividing the visual into 9 equal parts. The rule of thirds suggests that the viewer notices a visual from those points, hence, it helps in increasing the attention of the viewer.
d
The differenc between them are
• Clutter in a presentation includes the use of fillers or native lingual words between sentences or between breaks. Such fillers break and disturb the flow of the presentation. The listener may lose interest in such a case.
• Jargon is the use of scientific terms, short forms, or any other terms that the listener might not be aware of. The presenter may assume that the listener might understand the jargon, but it increases the probability of misinterpretation by the listener. Research presentations should only use jargons that the listener might know. Explanations should be provided in case jargons are used.

Question 2

Describe the differences among logos, ethos, and pathos and their uses for the research presentation.

Answer 2

Success and effectiveness of every presentation depend on the ability of the presenter to achieve the required interaction with the audience. Audience analysis is the task of assessing the listeners using ethos, pathos and logos.
Audience analysis requires breaking down the audience into the type of audience present, the information they care about and the message that the presenter needs to provide the audience as takeaways. The difference between ethos, pathos and logos in presentations are
• The presenter needs to establish authority on the subject or topic to be presented for the audience to become interested. Credible presenters are more likely to be given importance and attention by the audience. Ethos is the process of building rapport with the audience based on one's credentials.
• The audience will accept the views of the presenter only if the arguments stated have a strong basis. The validity of the arguments that drive a presentation is known as logos. Logos should be logical, simple and needs to be clearly communicated. These include the research study and findings.
• Pathos refers to establishing an emotional connection with the audience. Pathos could be stories, humour or scenarios that help the audience to relate with the issue. It is discovered by interviewing members of the audience or surveying the audience using questions to understand their predispositions.

Question 3

What are the three types of learners, and how is the presentation different for each of these groups in your audience

Answer 3

Audience type is an important factor to consider while creating the presentation content. Age and topic are also important factors to consider while approaching the audience. These factors are required to create a presentation style that helps in emotional connection with the audience. The greater the connect, the greater the likelihood of the audience acting on the information.
The three different types of learners are
Visual Learners: consisting of around 40% of the individuals, visual learners rely on visual cues and data to successfully retain information. The presentation aimed for visual learners should have less text and more graphics. Graphics could include charts, diagrams, images, graphs etc. Such learners connect the information with the imagery to understand the topic.
Auditory Learners: Such learners rely on stories, narrative or experiences shared by the speaker. Listeners connect with the examples given and can visualize the scenarios. Represent around 20-30% of the audience.
Kinesthetic Learners: Such learners learn by frequent interactions and demonstrations. Such listeners get bored by long hours of listening and don't grasp much through theoretical information. Performing activities to engage such user helps to build their retention of the information provided.

Question 4

The day before your presentation, you are suffering from pounding heart, a slight tremor in your hands, and stomach problems. What specific c measures can you take to build your confidence and reduce performance anxiety

Question 5

Outline a set of visual aids that you might use in an oral presentation on these topics:
a.How to write a research report.
b.The outlook for the economy over the next year.
c.A major analytical article in the latest issue of BusinessWeek.

Question 6

Your class team in research methods has completed a field project for a financial institution on branch location effectiveness. What questions about audience analysis should you answer as you plan your presentation

Question 7

Every presentation has its purpose. What was the purpose of Henry Associates presentation to MindWriter

Question 8

How did the Henry Associates presentation:
a.Perform an audience analysis
b.Engage the audience

Question 9

In your presentation to a venture capital company, you are pitching your research plan for a smartphone application that does short-term cash flow forecasts. Describe how you would use each type of supporting material to create interest, clarify your point, provide emphasis to a point, and offer proof that results in belief.

Question 10

Using Exhibit 21-9, choose an appropriate graphing technique to show the difference between men's and women's attitudes on the top five Super Bowl ads. (You can find this listing on http://adbowl.com.)

Question 11

You are creating slides for a presentation that is being given to seek a research contract with a leading toy manufacturer. Considering the following aspects of your presentation (introduction, problem to be solved, market opportunity, technology, manufacturing/production, financials, conclusion), create slides representing four of these areas using Exhibit 21-13.

Question 12

You are preparing to give a research presentation about the effectiveness of Toyota's advertising to restore public confidence in the wake of their delays in solving the accelerator pedal malfunction and antilock braking problems for high-tech hybrid vehicles. Which of the patterns of organization would be appropriate for your purpose Why

Question 13

The Casey Anthony murder trial garnered headlines around the world, not just for the gavel-to-gavel news coverage it received but for the 'not guilty' verdict on murder for the death of her daughter, Caylee. Casey was also found not guilty on aggravated child abuse, and aggravated manslaughter of a child. These verdicts were delivered after the presentation of more than 400 pieces of evidence and 90 witnesses during more than 33 days of testimony. The jurors indicated that some of the evidence was irrelevant to their discussion and decision, while others were not compelling. A prosecutor must choose from the evidence collected what they will present to the jury, much like a researcher must make choices when presenting findings. And both must present that evidence in a way that the correct conclusions can be drawn. Public opinion differed significantly from the jury's verdict. What presentation guidelines can be gained for researchers from this headline story