Deck 1: Critical Thinking And The Nursing Process

Question 1

A patient at 34 weeks' gestation presents to labor and delivery with a complaint of burning on urination.The nurse then inquires about the presence of other signs and symptoms,such as frequency of urination,a backache that comes and goes in a regular manner,unusual vaginal discharge,increased pelvic pressure,and any menstrual-like cramping.She is assessing the patient for the possibility of preterm labor.This is an example of which component of critical thinking?

A) inference
B) evaluation
C) interpretation
D) analysis

Answer 1

inference

Question 2

The scientific approach to nursing places emphasis on

A) past experiences and current behaviors.
B) scientific principles and research data.
C) key factors such as pathophysiology.
D) reducing emotional responses to objective data.

Answer 2

scientific principles and research data.

Question 3

The "art of nursing" refers mainly to the use of

A) imaginative caring strategies.
B) creative approaches to patient problems.
C) professional intuition based on experience.
D) multiple levels of patient assessment.

Answer 3

professional intuition based on experience.

Question 4

Which source provides subjective information?

A) physical assessment
B) health history interview
C) laboratory reports
D) medical records

Question 5

Planning is the fourth step of the nursing process.It involves the prioritization of nursing diagnoses and care and the selection of nursing interventions.According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs,which situation exemplifies a physiological need?

A) a child experiencing an asthma episode
B) an infant whose side rails are left down on her crib
C) a high school girl who is not selected to be on the dance team
D) a child whose parents constantly call him "stupid"

Question 6

Patient outcomes should be written as

A) broad statements without end points.
B) realistic, measurable statements.
C) a means of increasing patient knowledge.
D) follow-ups to patient goals.

Question 7

Critical pathways,used in the case management approach,consist of

A) rating scales for outcomes.
B) lists of good and bad outcomes.
C) maps that show the outcome of predetermined patient goals over a period of time.
D) recommended activities for achieving patient care goals.

Question 8

Patients are most likely to be motivated and agreeable to following their plan of care when

A) their health care provider explains the plan in terms they can understand.
B) they participate in the decision-making process as the plan is developed.
C) they establish their own nursing diagnoses.
D) their physician and nurse collaborate in developing the plan.

Question 9

Which of the following is most appropriate to place immediately after the nursing diagnosis body image disturbance?

A) related to actual bodily changes (e.g., below-the-knee amputation)
B) as evidenced by patient verbalizations (e.g., "I can't look at a mirror")
C) due to intentional scalding with hot water
D) secondary to second-degree and third-degree burns to the face

Question 10

In a nursing diagnosis statement,the phrase beginning with "as evidenced by" represents the

A) human response.
B) health problem.
C) related factors.
D) defining characteristics.

Question 11

The nursing diagnosis ineffective airway clearance related to inadequate suctioning is an example of which error?

A) formulating a nursing diagnosis on the basis of insufficient or unqualified data
B) using legally inadvisable terms
C) using incorrect data
D) using medical diagnoses

Question 12

The implementation phase of the nursing process is best described as the time in which the nurse

A) sequentially executes the planned interventions for each nursing diagnosis.
B) coordinates the implementation of planned interventions so that all patient outcomes are achieved at the same time.
C) simultaneously implements the interventions developed for multiple nursing diagnoses and makes modifications as needed.

Question 13

Readiness for diabetic teaching is an example of what type of nursing diagnosis?

A) actual nursing diagnosis
B) health-promotion diagnosis
C) risk nursing diagnosis
D) syndrome

Question 14

The evaluation phase of the nursing process is

A) conducted weekly to monitor the effectiveness of the interventions and progress toward outcomes.
B) carried out when all the patient outcomes are achieved.
C) an ongoing process focused on evaluating the effectiveness of the interventions.
D) a continual process focused on the progress patients make toward achieving established outcomes.

Question 15

One of your patient's nursing diagnoses is anxiety related to perceived threat of death as evidenced by patient verbalization,restlessness,hand tremors,facial tension,and quivering voice.The phrase "anxiety related to perceived threat of death" indicates that his anxiety

A) is a potential risk to health.
B) has an organic cause.
C) is an actual problem amenable to nursing intervention.
D) requires medical intervention.

Question 16

Using the Universal Intellectual Standards (UIS)for critical thinking,which standard is exemplified in the following statement: "The patient reports taking 15 Vicodin every day"?

A) clarity
B) accuracy
C) precision
D) relevance

Question 17

In addition to the nurse,what other key people are involved in the evaluation phase of the nursing process?

A) nurse managers
B) patient and his family
C) patient and her physician
D) all health care professionals involved with the patient's care

Question 18

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs,which nursing diagnosis should take priority over the others?

A) altered nutrition, less than body requirements related to difficulty swallowing
B) risk for poisoning related to exposure to chemicals in the workplace
C) ineffective individual coping related to uncertainty of course of disease and treatment
D) deficient knowledge related to lack of interest in learning

Question 19

What is an important function of the nursing database?

A) It can provide a baseline for future comparisons.
B) It can be used to challenge the patient's uninformed views.
C) It can be used to assess the performance of the physician.
D) It can demonstrate nursing competency.

Question 20

When writing patient outcomes and establishing time frames for completion,the nurse should ensure that each nursing diagnosis has:

A) only one patient outcome.
B) either short- or long-term time frames, but not both.
C) multiple outcomes and time frames.
D) a specific time frame for each patient outcome.

Question 21

Which of the following is a disciplined,creative,and reflective approach used together with critical thinking,its purpose being to establish potential strategies to assist patients in reaching their desired health goals?

A) critical thinking
B) clinical reasoning
C) outcomes assessment
D) evidence-based practice

Question 22

The main purpose of the nursing care plan is to

A) apply critical thinking to patient care.
B) present nursing objectives to the patient and the family.
C) help the nurse decide which interventions to use.
D) communicate the patient's progress in a standard way.

Question 23

A nursing diagnosis can have up to four components that include which of the following? Select all that apply.

A) description
B) related factors
C) medical problem
D) expected outcomes
E) defining characteristics
F) label of human response

Question 24

The nursing process includes six phases:
(1)____________________
(2)____________________
(3)____________________
(4)____________________
(5)____________________
(6)____________________

Question 25

The nurse is conducting a physical examination of a newly admitted patient.After completing the interview,the nurse determines that there is a need to gather more information from the patient's spouse.The nurse is addressing which Universal Intellectual Standard (UIS)for critical thinking?

A) accuracy
B) breadth
C) depth
D) relevance

Question 26

The nurse has completed a physical examination of a newly admitted patient.Which data would the nurse document as objective data? Select all that apply.

A) Constant headache
B) Dizziness upon arising
C) Pitting edema of the right ankle
D) VS (T-98, P = 76, R = 22, BP = 144/92)
E) Moderate chest pain
F) Small bruise on left forearm

Question 27

A purposeful,goal-directed process that strives to problem-solve patient care issues through the use of clinical reasoning is called ____________________ thinking.

Question 28

A nurse working in a home care setting would most likely use which form of documentation recommended by the Center for Health Services and Policy Research?

A) PIO
B) DAR
C) MDS
D) OASIS-B1

Question 29

Critical thinking includes which of the following? Select all that apply.

A) Analysis
B) Application
C) Evaluation
D) Inference
E) Interpretation
F) Identification

Question 30

_______________________ are planned strategies based on scientific rationale and devised by the nurse to assist the patient in meeting the patient outcomes.

Question 31

The nurse documents his patient's progress on a problem using a SOAPIER note.In which section of the note would the physical examination appear?

A) S
B) O
C) A
D) P

Question 32

A nursing student has just completed the examination of an assigned patient and approaches the instructor to discuss the results.The student tells the instructor that the patient said he has been experiencing fatigue when mowing the lawn or when climbing the stairs.The nursing instructor asks the student,"What source data has the client's statement provided you?" The instructor is attempting to determine if the student understands which of the following?

A) Objective data
B) Subjective data
C) Supplemental data
D) Testable data

Question 33

An elderly client complains of a disturbed sleep pattern and impaired memory.The nurse would document the patient's complaints as which type of nursing diagnosis?

A) risk nursing diagnosis
B) actual nursing diagnosis
C) syndrome nursing diagnosis
D) health-promotion nursing diagnosis

Question 34

The purpose of the ______________________________ is to define and establish the scope of nursing practice and provide the framework for the nursing process.

Question 35

Collaborative interventions refer to actions that are prescribed by the ____________________ and implemented by the ____________________.

Question 36

Related factors are used only with which type of nursing diagnoses?

A) actual nursing diagnoses and syndrome nursing diagnoses
B) syndromes and risk nursing diagnoses
C) actual nursing diagnoses and risk nursing diagnoses
D) syndromes and health promotion diagnoses

Question 37

The nurse is examining a physically healthy adult patient who is being admitted to the Mental Health Unit after several suicidal gestures.According to Maslow's hierarchy,which patient needs would be the greatest at this time?

A) self-actualization
B) love and belonging
C) safety and security needs
D) physiological needs

Question 38

The Universal Intellectual Standards (UIS)for critical thinking include which of the following? Select all that apply.

A) Clarity and logic
B) Aaccuracy and precision
C) Neatness and perfectionism
D) Relevance and fairness
E) Depth and breadth
F) Concentration and discipline

Question 39

A nursing instructor asks the students "According to Gordon (2010),what is involved when formulating a nursing diagnosis?" Which response by the students would indicate further clarification is needed? Select all that apply.

A) Collecting information
B) Interpreting information
C) Clustering information
D) Collaborating with the team
E) Identifying human response patterns
F) Formulating functional health problems

Question 40

When evaluating a patient's progress toward targeted outcomes,the nurse must always explore which of the following?

A) staff's perception of whether goals were met or not, and to what degree
B) patient's perception of whether goals were met or not, and to what degree
C) family's perception of whether goals were met or not, and to what degree
D) physician's perception of whether goals were met or not, and to what degree