Deck 4: Red-Blue Lesions

Question 1

Which of the following signs and symptoms are consistent with the diagnosis of Plummer-Vinson syndrome?

A) Arthritis, xerostomia, geographic tongue
B) Atrophic mucosa, dysphagia, anemia
C) Oral aphthae, conjunctivitis, urethritis
D) Telangiectasias, epistaxis, gingival hypertrophy
E) Mucosal pigmentation (lips), intestinal polyps

Answer 1

Atrophic mucosa, dysphagia, anemia

Question 2

Generally, which of the following is the most likely to show microscopic evidence of dysplasia?

A) Idiopathic leukoplakia
B) Geographic tongue
C) Idiopathic erythroplakia
D) Nicotine stomatitis
E) None of the above

Answer 2

Idiopathic erythroplakia

Question 3

Biopsy of a mass in the lower lip of a 10-year-old boy showed inflamed granulation tissue. This describes which of the following?

A) Mucous extravasation phenomenon
B) Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
C) Hematoma
D) Lymphangioma
E) Pyogenic granuloma

Answer 3

Pyogenic granuloma

Question 4

Blood dyscrasias (diseases) may manifest themselves orally in which of the following ways?

A) Mucosal melanotic macules
B) Lingual varices
C) Bullous eruptions
D) Palatal petechiae
E) Verrucal-papillary lesions

Question 5

Examination reveals an asymptomatic 1 * 1 cm red mass between teeth 7 and 8. The patient is pregnant and in good health. Which of the following should be at the top of a differential diagnosis list?

A) Erythroplasia
B) Gingival cyst
C) Candidiasis
D) Pyogenic granuloma
E) Peripheral fibroma

Question 6

Kaposi's sarcoma:

A) Is associated with HHV8
B) Occurs most commonly in the palate and gingiva, intraorally
C) Is a proliferation of endothelial cells, macrophages, and other inflammatory cells
D) Is a proliferation in which focally produced cytokines and growth factor appear to play a contributing role
E) All the above

Question 7

It is generally believed that Kaposi's sarcoma is an endothelial cell proliferation that is controlled, in part, by focally produced cytokines and growth factors. The etiologic agent that is believed to mediate this atypical proliferation is:

A) Cytomegalovirus
B) Human papillomavirus
C) Human herpes virus, type 7
D) Human herpes virus, type 8
E) Epstein-Barr virus

Question 8

A focal proliferative gingival mass composed of granulation tissue in response to local irritation is known as:

A) Erythroplakia
B) Hemangioma
C) Mucocele
D) Traumatic neuroma
E) Pyogenic granuloma

Question 9

A 68-year-old man presents with a 1 * 2 cm macular red lesion of his hard palate. This is asymptomatic, has been present for an unknown duration, and does not blanch with compression. The best clinical designation for this lesion would be:

A) Vascular malformation
B) Erythroplakia
C) Leukoplakia
D) Chronic ulcer
E) Verrucal-papillary lesion

Question 10

HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma:

A) Is typically seen in men over the age of 60 years
B) Occurs most commonly in the buccal mucosa intraorally
C) Is associated with one of the herpesviruses
D) Has an excellent prognosis
E) Presents as a painful nonhealing ulcer

Question 11

Mental retardation, seizures, and vascular malformation of the face are components of which of the following conditions?

A) Stevens-Johnson syndrome
B) Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasias
C) Idiopathic erythroplakia
D) Diabetic angiopathy
E) None of the above

Question 12

Biopsy of a purple mass in the tongue of a 67-year-old man showed numerous vascular channels lined by benign endothelial cells. The lesion was not encapsulated, and the vascular channels were filled with blood. This is a description of a:

A) Vascular malformation
B) Lymphoma
C) Hematoma
D) Lymphangioma
E) Lymphoepithelial cyst

Question 13

Trauma or irritation is believed to be an initiating event for which of the following?

A) Neurofibroma
B) Verruca vulgaris
C) Fibromatosis
D) Pyogenic granuloma
E) All the above

Question 14

Burning mouth or burning tongue syndrome:

A) May result from excessive cigarette smoking
B) Occurs more commonly in men than in women
C) May occur in association with xerostomia
D) Is cured with estrogen therapy
E) Is one of the oral manifestations of HIV-infected patients

Question 15

Trauma may be the initiating factor for all the following except:

A) Traumatic granuloma
B) Riga-Fede ulcer
C) Factitial ulcer
D) Mucous patch
E) Minor aphthous ulcer

Question 16

Spontaneous involution is a phenomenon that is characteristically associated with which of the following?

A) White sponge nevus
B) Leukoedema
C) Hairy leukoplakia
D) Amalgam tattoo
E) Congenital hemangioma

Question 17

Systemic corticosteroids can be effective in the control of many oral inflammatory/immune mucosal conditions. Which of the following cannot be controlled with its use?

A) Major aphthae
B) Minor aphthae
C) Lichen planus
D) Idiopathic erythroplakia
E) None of the above

Question 18

Which of the following signs and symptoms are consistent with the diagnosis of Plummer-Vinson syndrome?

A) Aphthous ulcers, conjunctivitis, genital ulcers
B) Atrophic mucosa, dysphagia, anemia
C) Café au lait macules, neurofibromas
D) Telangiectasias, epistaxis
E) None of the above

Question 19

A 23-year-old woman developed an asymptomatic red and partially ulcerated swelling in her buccal gingiva between teeth nos. 24 and 25. She is pregnant and is in good health. This is most likely which of the following?

A) Erythroplasia
B) Gingival cyst
C) Varix
D) Pyogenic granuloma
E) Neuroectodermal tumor

Question 20

Ingestion of certain drugs is known to occasionally precipitate which of the following?

A) Herpetiform aphthous ulcers
B) Geographic tongue
C) Cicatricial pemphigoid
D) Mucous patches
E) None of the above

Question 21

White lesion(s) may be seen on the tongue in all the following except:

A) Benign migratory glossitis
B) Burning tongue syndrome
C) Median rhomboid glossitis
D) Idiopathic leukoplakia
E) Lichen planus

Question 22

The commonly seen vascular malformation of the lower lip that is associated with aging and sun exposure is known as:

A) Peripheral giant cell granuloma
B) Pyogenic granuloma
C) Varix
D) Hereditary telangiectasia
E) Kaposi's sarcoma

Question 23

Burning mouth syndrome is treated with:

A) Improvement of oral hygiene
B) Antifungals
C) Empathy
D) Empirical measures
E) All the above

Question 24

Port-wine stains are cutaneous lesions that may occur as isolated lesions or as part of the syndrome known a _____ syndrome.

A) Melkersson-Rosenthal
B) Sturge-Weber
C) Rendu-Osler-Weber
D) Burning mouth
E) Albright's

Question 25

A 32-year-old woman presents with a soft, nonpainful mass (1 *2 cm) between teeth nos. 24 and 25. Differential diagnosis should include at least pyogenic granuloma and:

A) Mucous membrane pemphigoid
B) Mucous patch (secondary syphilis)
C) Plasma cell gingivitis
D) Peripheral giant cell granuloma
E) None of the above

Question 26

Which of the following blood dyscrasias represents a primary defect in platelets?

A) Hemophilia
B) Agranulocytosis
C) Idiopathic thrombocytopenia
D) Monocytic leukemia
E) Granulocytic leukemia

Question 27

Vascular malformations of the oral cavity:

A) Do not blanch when compressed
B) Should be biopsied to confirm clinical impression
C) Do not occur in the mandible or maxilla
D) Involute during adulthood
E) None of the above

Question 28

Burning mouth syndrome is associated with all the following etiologic factors except:

A) Nutritional deficiency
B) Xerostomia
C) Candida albicans
D) Herpes simplex virus
E) Depression

Question 29

Which of the following provides a patient with increased risk for the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma?

A) Idiopathic leukoplakia
B) Erythroplakia
C) Submucous fibrosis
D) Lichen planus
E) All the above

Question 30

Pinhead-sized red macules were found on the lips and in the buccal and labial mucosa of a 24-year-old woman. The lesions blanched with compression. The patient also had a history of frequent epistaxis. She most likely has which of the following?

A) Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome
B) Sturge-Weber syndrome
C) Iron deficiency anemia
D) Melanoma
E) Lead intoxication

Question 31

Epistaxis is a clinical sign that is characteristically associated with which of the following?

A) Rosenthal-Rosenthal syndrome
B) Sturge-Weber syndrome
C) Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome
D) Burning mouth syndrome
E) Albright's syndrome

Question 32

A 52-year-old woman presents to her dentist with a painful tongue. The tongue appears normal clinically. Her CBC and diet are also normal. Her problem suggests which of the following?

A) Acute candidiasis
B) Vitamin B deficiency
C) Burning tongue syndrome
D) Median rhomboid glossitis
E) Pernicious anemia

Question 33

Burning mouth syndrome:

A) May be caused by Candida albicans
B) Occurs more commonly in women than in men
C) May be associated with xerostomia
D) Most commonly affects the tongue
E) All the above

Question 34

Dysplasias and carcinomas account for approximately what percentage of clinical idiopathic erythroplakias seen in oral mucous membranes?

A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%
E) 90%