Deck 2: American Citizens and Political Culture

Question 1

The U.S.Citizenship and Immigration Services was moved from the Department of Justice to the Department of Homeland Security because _______.

A) security issues have come to play a more central role in determining who may enter the country
B) it had been too easy on immigrants in the past
C) it had been too hard on immigrants in the past
D) a greater emphasis was to be placed on dealing with immigrants who are already in the country
E) Congress has more control over the Department of Homeland Security than over the Department of Justice

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Individuals who come to the United States seeking asylum are known as _______.

A) illegal aliens
B) de facto citizens
C) immigrants
D) international personae non grata
E) refugees

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The United States' representative democracy is based on ______.

A) free speech and majority rule
B) equal voting rights and the right to bear arms
C) equal substantive rights and free speech
D) the consent of the governed and free exercise of religion
E) majority rule and the consent of the governed

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Americans tend to believe in ______ guarantees by government.

A) no
B) substantive
C) procedural
D) limited
E) financial

Question 5

After World War II,______ scientists were brought to the United States to develop a rocket program despite the fact that many of them were legally prohibited from entering the United States.

A) French
B) Japanese
C) Canadian
D) German
E) Chinese

Question 6

Individualism means or implies all of the following EXCEPT this:

A) What is good for society is based on what is good for the individual.
B) Individuals are themselves the best judge of what is good.
C) What is good for the individual follows from what is good for society.
D) Individuals are responsible for their own welfare.
E) Democracy, freedom, and equality should be understood in terms of procedures.

Question 7

The legal process of acquiring citizenship for a person who was not born a U.S.citizen is known as _______.

A) immigration
B) jus soli
C) habeas corpus
D) jus sanguinis
E) naturalization

Question 8

Individuals born in the United States are American citizens,even if their parents are not,following the principle of _______.

A) free movement
B) children's rights
C) jus prudence
D) jus curie
E) jus soli

Question 9

President Obama and Democrats who supported him tried to pass the Development,Relief and Education for Alien Minors (DREAM)Act,a piece of legislation that would have allowed ______.

A) illegal immigrants who had arrived in this country as minors to earn legal residency through higher education or military service
B) immediate deportation for immigrants in Arizona who did not carry proof of citizenship on their person at all times
C) naturalized citizens to have lower tuition rates
D) automatic dual citizenship for children of naturalized citizens but only if the applicant had pursued higher education
E) none of the above

Question 10

Jus soli is the legal principle that defines citizenship by the right of _______.

A) blood
B) law
C) free speech
D) the soil
E) religious freedom

Question 11

The federal agency that now oversees the naturalization process is the U.S._______.

A) Citizenship and Immigration Services
B) Customs and Border Protection Service
C) Federal Bureau of Investigation
D) Immigration and Naturalization Services
E) Immigration and Customs Enforcement Service

Question 12

Among those who argue against deporting everyone who has immigrated to the United States illegally are ______.

A) most conservatives
B) businesspeople who enjoy the benefits of cheap labor
C) those who worry about condoning what they view as a crime
D) most of the 2008 Republican presidential candidates
E) most Republicans

Question 13

There are currently around ______ illegal immigrants in the United States.

A) 12 million
B) 1 million
C) 100 million
D) 75 thousand
E) 59 million

Question 14

The importance of political culture is that it ______.

A) provides an objective measure of political reality
B) gives us a common language in which to discuss and debate political ideas
C) is the primary source of international peace
D) replaces ideology as a source of belief among citizens
E) increases conflict in society

Question 15

"What's at Stake…?" at the beginning of Chapter 2 shows that immigration reform _______.

A) is a very important issue
B) is not an important issue
C) laws will become less controversial
D) rates will decline
E) reform is becoming easier to achieve

Question 16

U.S.demographic trends indicate all of the following EXCEPT this:

A) The United States has fewer foreign-born citizens now than in 1965.
B) The American population is aging.
C) The number of minority citizens is increasing.
D) American demographics will be in constant change for the foreseeable future.
E) The number of Asian and Hispanic Americans will increase after 2015.

Question 17

Americans' belief in freedom is defined as freedom from ______.

A) restraint by the government
B) the limitations created by poverty
C) the limitations created by lack of knowledge
D) the power of corporations
E) physical limitations

Question 18

Citizens or subjects of other countries who come to the United States to live or work are known as _______.

A) American emigrants
B) naturalized citizens
C) tourists
D) immigrants
E) illegal aliens

Question 19

The broad pattern of ideas,beliefs,and values about citizens and government held by a population is known as its ______.

A) political culture
B) ideology
C) political philosophy
D) constitution
E) political faith

Question 20

Congress passed the Immigration Reform and Control Act in 1986,granting ______.

A) immediate deportation to those who crossed the border illegally from Mexico, without any allowance for a deportation hearing
B) amnesty to illegals who had entered before 1982, and it attempted to tighten controls on those who came after
C) deportation for individuals here illegally from selected countries but only after a hearing and opportunity to be heard was provided to the immigrants
D) a probationary period for illegal immigrants in which they had to procure employment or show that they had made attempts to obtain employment
E) immigrants a chance to participate in a lottery system, whereby individuals would be allowed to stay in the United States based on participation in that lottery

Question 21

The procedural character of equality for Americans causes them to argue that equality should be measured as ______.

A) the equal distribution of social resources
B) equal social status
C) equal economic but not equal social resources
D) equality of opportunity
E) the equal distribution of economic resources

Question 22

According to the text,the Bill of Rights clearly shows Americans' commitment to ______ freedom.

A) economic
B) procedural
C) libertarian
D) democratic
E) republican

Question 23

All of the following statements concerning the Tea Party movement are true EXCEPT this one:

A) It is fueled by anger.
B) Many of the movement's members are social conservatives.
C) Many of the movement's members are libertarians.
D) It is hard to classify ideologically.
E) It is allied mostly with the Democratic Party.

Question 24

The American concept of equality tends to consist of ensuring ______.

A) that the outcomes of the political process are relatively equal
B) that the rules favor those who have been mistreated in the past
C) that the rules treat everyone the same
D) that the rules further social justice
E) maximum feasible political participation

Question 25

Americans believe that ______ is the most appropriate procedure for making public-policy decisions.

A) a corporatist arrangement
B) a referendum or an initiative
C) democracy
D) collective bargaining
E) interest group politics

Question 26

Social conservatives would agree with all of the following EXCEPT this:

A) use of government power to encourage and protect traditional family roles
B) a powerful military
C) the use of substantive laws to create a particular moral order
D) significant use of government power to affect the economy
E) more stringent controls on immigration

Question 27

Americans have a lower tax burden than do citizens of most countries due to our belief in ______.

A) economic freedom and individualism
B) political and social equality
C) the salutary effects of Keynesian economics
D) direct democracy
E) the benefits of a large national debt

Question 28

Conservatives would favor more control by government than liberals in all the following ways EXCEPT regulation of ______.

A) the banking industry
B) abortions
C) some forms of speech on the Internet
D) marriage
E) travel in the name of national security

Question 29

A set of beliefs about politics and society that helps people make sense of their world is called ______.

A) a political attitude
B) an ideology
C) a public policy
D) public opinion
E) political socialization

Question 30

According to the text,liberals are people who believe in the widespread use of government power for ______.

A) maintaining order and protecting property
B) reducing economic inequality
C) increasing societal morality
D) overcoming the excesses of civil liberties
E) protecting the freedom of corporations to make profits

Question 31

Which of the following statements is true regarding political culture and political ideology?

A) Political cultural values change depending on one's ideology.
B) Political ideology unites us, whereas political culture divides us.
C) Political ideology divides Americans based on the three core values of American political culture.
D) Political culture unites us, whereas political ideology divides us.
E) American political culture is divided on a social-order dimension, whereas American political ideology is divided on an economic dimension.

Question 32

According to the text,conservatives are people who believe in the widespread use of government power for ______.

A) reducing economic inequality
B) increasing the protection of private property
C) increasing social equality
D) increasing the protection of civil liberties
E) increasing the pace of social change

Question 33

The question of how much control the government should have over the way we organize and live our collective lives is a question on the ______ ideological dimension.

A) social order
B) economic
C) political
D) conservative
E) collective

Question 34

The major disagreement among Americans on the ideological economic dimension is over ______.

A) whether the United States should adopt a socialist economic system
B) whether the economy should be structured so as to increase American military power
C) the degree to which the workforce needs to be pushed into vital economic jobs
D) how much the government should become involved in modifying the effects of the free market
E) whether women should be allowed to compete with men for prestigious jobs

Question 35

Americans tend to equate democracy with ______.

A) efficiency
B) fairness
C) elitism
D) power
E) prosperity

Question 36

Those who believe that government power should be strictly limited in all areas of life are called ______.

A) conservatives
B) liberals
C) communitarians
D) libertarians
E) socialists

Question 37

Both economic conservatives and economic liberals in the United States tend to favor ______.

A) a market economy
B) an increased role for government in managing the economy
C) reducing the role of the government in managing the economy
D) using government policy to redistribute incomes in order to increase equality of opportunity
E) reducing the effect of government policy on equality of economic opportunity

Question 38

Compared with most countries,in the United States,the range of the ideological spectrum is ______.

A) wider in regard to economic issues
B) narrower because of our political ideologies
C) narrower because of our shared political culture
D) wider in regard to social issues
E) narrower because of our belief that government should guarantee equal results for all citizens

Question 39

Why do many Americans find it difficult to identify themselves as conservatives or liberals?

A) Because they consider themselves liberal on some issues and conservative on other issues
B) Because they are too apathetic to vote
C) Because they don't understand the requirements to vote
D) Because our political culture unites us
E) Because our political culture confuses our political ideologies

Question 40

Libertarians would oppose all of the following uses of government power EXCEPT this:

A) increasing social equality
B) managing the economy
C) reducing immoral behavior
D) increasing American involvement in spreading democracy around the world
E) protection of private property

Question 41

The three core values of American political culture are ______.

A) democracy, freedom, and equality
B) capitalism, freedom, and voting rights
C) democracy, free speech, and equality
D) free trade, free speech, and voting rights

Question 42

President Obama and Democrats who supported him tried to pass the ______,a piece of legislation that would have allowed illegal immigrants who had arrived in this country as minors to earn legal residency through higher education or military service.

A) DREAM Act
B) HERO Act
C) Assimilation Act
D) Refugee Reform

Question 43

The American political values that favor individual rights and fair procedures ______.

A) closely resemble what James Madison intended with a "republican government"
B) oppose what Madison and the other founders envisioned
C) are a new approach to democratic theory
D) reflect an ideology that would be alien to Madison
E) advance liberal ideology

Question 44

The legal process of acquiring citizenship for a person who was not born a U.S.citizen is known as ______.

Question 45

After World War II,______ scientists were brought to the United States to develop a rocket program despite the fact that many of them were legally prohibited from entering the United States.

A) Soviet
B) German
C) Italian
D) French

Question 46

Both economic conservatives and economic liberals in the United States tend to favor a market economy.

Question 47

The term ideology refers to a set of beliefs about politics and society that helps people make sense of their political world.

Question 48

The federal agency that now oversees the naturalization process is the U.S.______.

Question 49

There are currently around ______ illegal immigrants in the United States.

A) 21 million
B) 100 million
C) 56 million
D) 12 million

Question 50

Those who believe in the ______ theory of democracy argue that it does not matter whether people participate in politics.

A) pluralist
B) communitarian
C) elite
D) participatory
E) social

Question 51

According to the text,liberals are people who believe in the widespread use of government power.

Question 52

Most people find it difficult to identify themselves as simply liberal or conservative because they consider themselves to be liberal on some issues and conservative on others.

Question 53

Citizens or subjects of other countries who come to the United States to live or work are known as ______.

Question 54

Individuals who come to the United States seeking asylum are known as ______.

Question 55

______ is the legal principle that defines the right of anyone born in a state to citizenship in that state.

A) Casus foederis
B) Jus commune
C) Casus belli
D) Jus soli

Question 56

______ refers to the broad pattern of ideas,beliefs,and values about citizens and government held by a population.

Question 57

The recent conservative movement created by a wave of populist anger is the ______ movement.

A) Glenn Beck
B) Libertarian
C) Tea Party
D) Populist
E) Fox

Question 58

Compared with the situation in most other Western democracies,voter turnout in American elections is ______.

A) slightly behind but catching up gradually
B) roughly the same
C) much higher
D) slightly higher and holding steady
E) much lower

Question 59

The question of how much control the government should have over the way we organize and live our collective lives is on the group order ideological dimension.

Question 60

The major immigration issue of today involves how to ______.

A) encourage greater immigration to the United States
B) increase the number of jobs available for immigrants
C) treat the 12 million illegal immigrants living and working in the United States
D) increase social services for illegal immigrants
E) reduce the barriers to immigration from Mexico and South America

Question 61

Ideological differences were often thought to reflect Americans' different views on the proper role of the government in the economy.Explain why the economy is not the only area in which people are divided on the role of government and what this means for American ideology.

Question 62

In American political culture,expectations focus on rules and procedures rather than results.Discuss how the focus on rules and procedures affects the definitions of American core values and what is expected of government.

Question 63

Americans who favor a strong substantive government role in the economy and the social order to realize their vision of a community of equals are referred to as ______.

Question 64

Americans tend to believe in ______ guarantees by government.

Question 65

Discuss the history of immigration and immigration policy in the United States.How has our immigration policy affected the flow of immigrants?

Question 66

Those who believe in the ______ theory of democracy argue that it does not matter whether people participate in politics.

Question 67

Every change in the makeup of the American population brings a change in ______.

Question 68

What is the difference between receiving American citizenship after being born to American parents as opposed to receiving citizenship through naturalization?

Question 69

The American concept of equality tends to consist of ensuring that the ______ are one the same

Question 70

The recent conservative movement created by a wave of populist anger is the ______ movement.

Question 71

Americans believe that ______ is the most appropriate procedure for making public policy decisions.