Deck 18: Foreign Policy

Question 1

Nike and General Motors are examples of ______.

A) bilateral corporations
B) intergovernmental corporations
C) multinational corporations
D) think tanks
E) international monetary-funding organizations

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The U.S.response to the September 11 terrorist attacks is an example of ______.

A) partisan defense policy
B) structural defense policy
C) crisis policy
D) strategic policy
E) preemption

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Crisis policy,strategic policy,and structural defense policy are ______.

A) regulated by the United Nations
B) the three major types of foreign policy
C) the exclusive domain of the president
D) the exclusive domain of Congress
E) the three major types of domestic policy

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The major problem in the relationship between Congress and the president concerning war powers stems from the fact that ______.

A) they each have the power to declare war
B) only the president can order troops overseas
C) the president has preempted congressional control over the military
D) the president is commander-in-chief, but Congress has the power to declare war
E) the courts refuse to rule on the issue

Question 5

The Cold War policy of the United States that sought to prevent the spread of communism was known as ______.

A) isolationism
B) rollback
C) containment
D) the domino theory
E) détente

Question 6

Crisis policy is most likely formulated by ______.

A) the president and a small group of advisers
B) the president and the Senate Foreign Relations Committee
C) the military and the Defense Department bureaucracy
D) the president with the advice and consent of Congress
E) Congress and interest groups

Question 7

The relationship between the president and Congress in foreign policy has become a struggle because ______.

A) Congress is jealous of presidential prerogatives in this area
B) electoral pressures make such a struggle inevitable
C) both have constitutional powers in this area
D) a partisan divide exists between the president and Congress
E) both seek to get the approval of the public

Question 8

An example of an intergovernmental organization is ______.

A) the United Nations
B) Greenpeace
C) the U.S. State Department
D) General Motors
E) al Qaeda

Question 9

President George W.Bush identified the "axis of evil" as ______.

A) Syria, Cuba, and Sudan
B) Iran, Iraq, and Libya
C) drugs, disease, and despair
D) Iran, Iraq, and North Korea
E) Iran, North Korea, and Syria

Question 10

The policy that says the United States should put its interests first and not interfere in global concerns is known as ______.

A) the Reagan Doctrine
B) manifest destiny
C) "One Hemisphere"
D) isolationism
E) "America First"

Question 11

Greenpeace and Amnesty International are examples of ______.

A) think tanks
B) intergovernmental organizations
C) nongovernmental organizations
D) bilateral organizations
E) multinational corporations

Question 12

Which president used the analogy of the "evil empire" to refer to the Soviet Union?

A) Bill Clinton
B) Ronald Reagan
C) Richard Nixon
D) George W. Bush
E) John Kennedy

Question 13

Agencies responsible for obtaining and interpreting information about various nations around the world are part of ______.

A) the intelligence community
B) the military community
C) defense agencies
D) academies
E) foreign-policy agencies

Question 14

Foreign policy that lays out a country's basic stance toward international actors or issues is ______.

A) foreign economic policy
B) structural defense policy
C) crisis policy
D) strategic policy
E) conflict resolution policy

Question 15

The Department of Homeland Security is the executive branch agency responsible for ______.

A) coordinating fire and police departments
B) military affairs
C) coordinating all government efforts to make the United States secure against terrorism
D) coordinating all intelligence analysis
E) domestic spying

Question 16

The president's inner circle of foreign-policy advisers that includes such people as the secretaries of state and defense and the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is the ______.

A) War Cabinet
B) National Security Council
C) White House Foreign Policy Section
D) American Foreign Policy Agency
E) Foreign Relations Council

Question 17

The Cold War refers to ______.

A) the Korean War
B) the half century of tension between the Soviet Union and the United States following World War II
C) the relationship between the United States and Cuba resulting from the mutual embargoes placed on one another
D) a pause in a war
E) a stalemate in foreign policy that is a prelude to war

Question 18

The State Department is the executive department charged with managing ______.

A) military affairs
B) foreign affairs
C) Medicaid and Medicare
D) parks and forests
E) relations between the U.S. states

Question 19

Strategic policy,such as the United States' use of containment,tends to be developed by ______.

A) the Defense Department and the congressional leadership
B) all three branches of government
C) the president and congressional leaders
D) Congress and interest groups
E) the executive branch

Question 20

The Department of Defense is charged with ______.

A) manufacturing expensive and secret weapons
B) managing the country's military personnel, equipment, and operations
C) conducting espionage
D) advising the president on how to execute his or her powers as commander-in-chief
E) developing American foreign policy

Question 21

Maintaining military might in order to prevent another state from taking a certain action,such as the U.S.nuclear policy vis-à-vis the Soviets,is known as ______.

A) deterrence
B) compellence
C) exclusionism
D) coercive diplomacy
E) protectionism

Question 22

Countries of the world today are more interdependent in terms of ______.

A) human rights
B) economics
C) militaries
D) politics
E) diplomacy

Question 23

American foreign-policy goals have traditionally included the promotion of ______.

A) free trade and capitalism
B) environmentalism and trade embargoes of enemies
C) military force and gunboat diplomacy
D) markets and anarchy
E) social issues and free trade

Question 24

Concerning declarations of war,the ______.

A) power to declare war rests with the president only
B) National Security Council votes to declare war
C) U.N. Security Council declares war and the United States follows
D) president, with the advice and consent of the Senate, declares war
E) power to declare war rests with Congress alone

Question 25

The ______ was Congress's attempt to limit the president's ability to use troops in hostilities without congressional approval.

A) War Powers Act
B) Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
C) National Defense Act
D) Helms-Burton Act
E) Presidential Limitations Act

Question 26

The American media's reporting of foreign news ______.

A) has been made easier because of blogs and the Internet
B) is decreasing
C) has remained stable since World War II
D) is increasing and of better quality due to improvements in telecommunications technology
E) is increasing

Question 27

The Bretton Woods economic system was designed after World War II to ______.

A) regulate international economics and help Europe recover from the war
B) stop the spread of communism
C) ensure the future of Social Security
D) bring the Eastern bloc under Soviet domination
E) partner with NATO to spread U.S. influence in the world

Question 28

The relationship between the media and government in the area of foreign policy is ______.

A) a two-way street
B) based on a closed-door policy
C) nonexistent
D) a one-way street from government to the media
E) based on an open-door policy

Question 29

Congress tried to play a more active role in foreign affairs following ______.

A) the Vietnam War
B) the Korean War
C) World War I
D) World War II
E) September 11, 2001

Question 30

Barriers to trade,such as tariffs to protect domestic products,reflect the doctrine of ______.

A) border control
B) isolationism
C) protectionism
D) collective security
E) free trade

Question 31

The United States grants most favored nation status to ______.

A) show good faith in our dealings with other nations
B) promote free trade
C) create military allies
D) allow immigration between the two nations
E) ease diplomatic tensions

Question 32

The ______ makes large,long-term loans meant to help build and rebuild the infrastructure of countries.

A) International Monetary Fund
B) World Trade Organization
C) World Bank
D) U.N. Development Fund
E) World Savings and Loan Association

Question 33

The post-Gulf War actions of the United States and its allies in forcing Iraq to stop producing its weapons of mass destruction and to destroy those it may have already had is an example of a ______.

A) destabilization policy
B) deterrence policy
C) containment
D) weapon evacuation policy
E) compellence policy

Question 34

The popular uprisings across much of the Arab world that began in 2010 are called the ______.

A) Arab Street
B) Arab Spring
C) Sunni Awakening
D) Arab Freedom Movement
E) Arab Revolutions

Question 35

The World Trade Organization (WTO)evolved into being from the ______.

A) International Trade Association
B) North American Free Trade Zone
C) Committee on Mutual Economic Assistance
D) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
E) European Union

Question 36

Under the War Powers Act,______.

A) all involvement of troops overseas must be approved jointly by Congress and the president
B) the president must inform the congressional leadership whenever troops die in combat
C) the president must have the consent of Congress to commit troops to any military action
D) the president must inform Congress when forces are ordered into hostilities
E) the president does not have authority to use troops overseas unless Congress has made a declaration of war

Question 37

Diplomacy is ______.

A) any attempt to get a foreign nation to act in a certain way
B) an informal relationship between nations to resolve conflicts and promote peaceful coexistence
C) best when backed up by force
D) the sum total of relations between different nations
E) the formal system of communications and negotiations between countries

Question 38

An economic system in which countries exchange goods without imposing excessive tariffs and taxes is known as ______.

A) free trade
B) international trade
C) capitalism
D) an international monetary system
E) democratic socialism

Question 39

Comparing the foreign-policy approaches of presidents Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan,we see that ______.

A) both were strongly driven by moralist goals, even though they often adopted different foreign policies
B) both were mostly concerned with nuclear policy
C) Carter was more concerned with moral considerations, whereas Reagan was more of a pragmatist
D) both were strongly pragmatic in foreign-policy issues
E) Reagan was more concerned with moral considerations, whereas Carter was more of a pragmatist

Question 40

The term hegemon refers to ______.

A) the dominant actor in world politics
B) international conflict
C) international coalitions
D) the code name for the invasion of Iraq
E) an action by multinational organizations, such as NATO

Question 41

A ______ is one that breaks international norms and procedures and tries to develop,sell,or use weapons of mass destruction.

Question 42

The idea that the end of the Cold War would lead to reduced U.S.defense spending was known as the ______.

A) Clinton Doctrine
B) peace dividend
C) Green Revolution
D) Bush Doctrine
E) new world order

Question 43

The plan to help European economies recover after World War II was named the ______.

A) Marshall Plan
B) Truman Doctrine
C) Eisenhower Doctrine
D) Berlin Plan
E) Shuman Plan

Question 44

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)is a ______.

A) proposed European trading bloc to have a single currency and no tariffs between members
B) group that was dismantled after the fall of the Soviet Union
C) multinational organization formed in 1949 to promote the Cold War defense of Europe from the Communist bloc
D) post-World War II organization of the former allied powers to ensure peace within Europe
E) regional peacekeeping force under the auspices of the United Nations

Question 45

Terrorism is violence aimed specifically at ______ in order to produce ______ that will lead to policy change.

Question 46

The U.S.military strategy of having a three-pronged nuclear capability from land,sea,and air is known as ______.

A) mutual mass destruction
B) the Eisenhower Doctrine
C) Operation Tripod
D) the Manhattan Project
E) the nuclear triad

Question 47

Violence that targets unarmed civilians to produce fear that will lead to policy change is called ______.

A) torture
B) conventional war
C) terrorism
D) operations other than war
E) special operations

Question 48

The European Union is ______.

A) the new coalition of former Soviet-bloc nations of Eastern Europe
B) a European trading bloc consisting of twenty-eight members
C) a defense treaty among major Western European nations
D) a proposal to make a United States of Europe
E) the new NATO after the end of the Cold War

Question 49

In terms of democracy and foreign policy,executive agencies with foreign-policy authority are ______.

A) the least democratic and the least accountable
B) too conservative
C) still too concerned with the communist challenge to American democratic ideals
D) not adequately trained for the nature of the challenges
E) democratic and accountable under the Freedom of Information Act

Question 50

The ______ was Congress's attempt to limit the president's ability to use troops in hostilities without congressional approval.

Question 51

______ is an example of using economic sanctions as a foreign-policy tool.

A) Détente
B) Offering most favored nation status
C) An embargo
D) A U.N. resolution
E) Deterrence

Question 52

The ______ makes long-term and large loans to help build or rebuild the infrastructure of countries.

Question 53

______ is an example of using economic sanctions as a foreign-policy tool.

Question 54

Nuclear,chemical,and biological weapons are sometimes grouped together and called ______.

A) weapons of mass confusion
B) conventional weapons
C) terror weapons
D) weapons of mass destruction
E) the axis of evil

Question 55

Nuclear,chemical,and biological weapons are sometimes grouped together and called ______.

Question 56

The tension between foreign policy and democracy is unavoidable.

Question 57

Undercover actions in which a country tries to appear to have no role are known as ______.

A) overt operations
B) snake eye diplomacy
C) deterrence
D) covert operations
E) double dealing

Question 58

A rogue state is one that ______.

A) has been kicked out of the United Nations for human rights violations
B) either breaks a formally approved treaty or consistently violates principles of international law
C) breaks international norms and procedures and tries to develop, sell, or use weapons of mass destruction
D) starts an unprovoked war with a neighboring state
E) continues to practice socialism

Question 59

Providing foreign aid to another country in order to get a specific course of action from that country is an example of ______.

A) a quid pro quo policy
B) a behavior modification policy
C) compellence
D) a carrot policy
E) most favored nation treatment

Question 60

The refusal of one country to allow trade or commerce with another as a tool of foreign policy is ______.

A) coordinated by the United Nations
B) known as the Buchanan Doctrine
C) an embargo
D) illegal
E) an example of isolationism

Question 61

What is the difference between compellence and deterrence? Give an example of each.

Question 62

Define the terms intergovernmental organizations,nongovernmental organizations,and multinational corporations and explain the role of each in world politics.

Question 63

What economic instruments does the United States use in the area of foreign policy to try to punish or reward other states?

Question 64

Describe the role of the media in U.S.foreign policy.

Question 65

What are the three main types of foreign policy? Define them,and give an example of each.

Question 66

Anarchy and interdependence seem like contradictory conditions.Define each,and explain how they can both exist at the same time in world affairs.

Question 67

What foreign policy powers does Congress have?

Question 68

The Constitution is sometimes called an "invitation to struggle" in the area of foreign policy because it gives some foreign-policy power to Congress and some to the president.Discuss this struggle.What overlaps exist? How have presidents gotten the upper hand? And how has Congress tried to restrain the president since the Vietnam War?

Question 69

What are weapons of mass destruction?

Question 70

The United States is a republic,but what role does the public play in foreign policy? How do interest groups and the media help connect the public to foreign policy?

Question 71

What roles in foreign policy does the Constitution assign to the presidency?