Deck 2: Equal Employment Opportunity and Discrimination

Question 1

Which of the following is a legally permissible criterion in making hiring and other employment decisions?

A) Qualification
B) Gender
C) Age
D) Religion

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following advertisements for recruitment is most likely to be considered illegal?

A) "Experienced writers required"
B) "Enthusiastic radio jockeys needed"
C) "Wanted: Professors with educational background in economics"
D) "Young store executives needed."

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following scenarios is considered illegal according to the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

A) Segregating employees on the basis of their educational qualification
B) Segregating employees on the basis of their gender
C) Segregating employees on the basis of their work experience
D) Segregating employees on the basis of their skill sets

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is true of the U.S. Department of Labor?

A) The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is a part of the Department of Labor.
B) It can enforce employment laws for employers in public workplaces but private workplaces are beyond its jurisdiction.
C) The employment requirements set out by Executive Orders for federal contractors and subcontractors is beyond the scope of the Department of Labor.
D) It has broad enforcement power and oversees compliance with many employment-related laws.

Question 5

A _____ is a practice required for safe and efficient organizational operations.

A) disparate treatment
B) burden of proof
C) business necessity
D) business emergency

Question 6

Which of the following is the objective of the affirmative action program?

A) To have the company's workforce demographics reflect as closely as possible the demographics in the labor market
B) To encourage organizations where minorities from the local community represent a significantly lesser proportion of the workforce
C) To stop companies from making status-blind employment decisions
D) To encourage organizations where instances of glass ceiling are common

Question 7

Which of the following is true of executive orders 11246, 11375, and 11478?

A) They require all educational institutions to take affirmative actions to compensate for historical discrimination against women, minorities, and handicapped individuals.
B) They require labor unions to take affirmative actions to compensate for historical discrimination against women, minorities, and handicapped individuals.
C) They require state governments to take affirmative actions to compensate for historical discrimination against women, minorities, and handicapped individuals.
D) They require federal contractors to take affirmative actions to compensate for historical discrimination against women, minorities, and handicapped individuals.

Question 8

Which of the following organizations must comply with rules and regulations that specific government agencies have established to administer the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972?

A) Nongovernmental organizations with a minimum of 10 employees
B) State and local governments
C) Private organizations with a minimum of 10 employees
D) Labor unions with 5 or more members

Question 9

Affirmative action means that an employer takes proactive measures to:

A) encourage the glass ceiling effect.
B) reduce status-blind employment decisions.
C) increase the number of women and minorities in the workforce.
D) decrease instances of whistleblowing in the workplace.

Question 10

Which of the following scenarios is considered illegal according to the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

A) Segregating employees on the basis of their educational qualification
B) Segregating employees on the basis of their ethnicity
C) Segregating employees on the basis of their work experience
D) Segregating employees on the basis of their skill sets

Question 11

_____ occurs when individuals with a particular characteristic are treated differently from others.

A) Disparate treatment
B) Consociationalism
C) Isonomy
D) Diversity

Question 12

Equal employment opportunity is a broad-reaching concept that essentially requires employers to make:

A) status-blind employment decisions.
B) nepotistic employment decisions.
C) egocentric employment decisions.
D) dictatorial employment decisions.

Question 13

Which of the following is an illegal criterion for rejecting job applicants?

A) Education
B) Work experience
C) Skill sets
D) Religion

Question 14

The _____ oversees federal contractor operations and requires them to take affirmative action.

A) Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
B) Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs
C) Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
D) Department of Justice

Question 15

Which of the following is true of nonretaliatory practices in workplaces?

A) Employers are prohibited from retaliating against individuals who file discrimination charges.
B) Employees are prohibited from retaliating against organizations that practice discrimination.
C) Employers are prohibited from retaliating against employees on ethical grounds.
D) Employees are restricted from retaliating against employers who encourage instances of glass ceiling.

Question 16

The original purpose of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was to address _____ in the United States.

A) gender discrimination
B) age discrimination
C) racial discrimination
D) disability discrimination

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a bona fide occupational qualification?

A) It is a template that an HR department uses in selecting, training, and orienting prospective employees.
B) It provides a detailed description of routine work responsibilities for all the employees in an organization.
C) It provides an exhaustive list of the desired traits and characteristics expected from prospective employees.
D) It provides a legitimate reason why an employer can exclude persons on otherwise illegal bases of consideration.

Question 18

_____ occurs when an employment practice has an adverse effect on individuals with a particular characteristic.

A) Disparate treatment
B) Disparate impact
C) Isonomy
D) Consociationalism

Question 19

Restricting workers from wearing garments, although it may be required by their religion, to ensure safety at the workplace is a _____.

A) nonretaliatory practice
B) burden of proof
C) business necessity
D) business emergency

Question 20

Which of the following is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1991?

A) It requires that employers show that there are instances of glass ceiling in their organizations.
B) It requires employers to discourage the occurrence of affirmative actions in the work place.
C) It strengthens legal protection for employees, provides for jury trials and allows for damages payable.
D) It requires employers to avoid making status-blind employment decisions.

Question 21

The Rehabilitation Act passed in 1973 applied only to _____.

A) federal contractors
B) state governments
C) labor unions
D) nonprofit organizations

Question 22

The _____ requires that employers treat maternity leave the same as other personal or medical leaves.

A) Pregnancy Discrimination Act
B) Family and Medical Leave Act
C) Fair Labor Standards Act
D) National Labor Relations Act

Question 23

According to the _____, workers over the age of 40 are entitled to receive complete accurate information on the available benefits, a list of all workers impacted in a reduction, and several weeks to decide whether or not to accept severance benefits in exchange for a waiver to sue the employer.

A) Older Workers Benefit Protection Act
B) Age Discrimination in Employment Act
C) Civil Rights Act
D) Rehabilitation Act

Question 24

Which of the following is not covered under the Americans with Disabilities Act?

A) Employees of private organizations
B) Employment agencies
C) State government employees
D) Labor unions

Question 25

Which of the following best describes nepotism?

A) It is the practice of prohibiting relatives from working for the same employer.
B) It is the practice of allowing relatives to work for the same employer.
C) It is the practice of allowing friends to work for the same employer.
D) It is the practice of prohibiting friends from working for the same employer.

Question 26

Which of the following is true of glass ceiling?

A) It refers to the discriminatory practices that have prevented women and other minority status employees from successfully obtaining jobs.
B) It refers to the preferential treatment that women and minorities receive within an organization.
C) It refers to the preferential treatment that women and minorities receive within an organization when they advance to executive-level jobs.
D) It refers to the discriminatory practices that have prevented women and other minority status employees from advancing to executive-level jobs.

Question 27

Which of the following is true of phased retirement?

A) Employees' workloads and pay levels are increased.
B) Employees' workloads and pay levels are reduced.
C) Employees' workloads are reduced and pay levels are increased.
D) Employees' workloads are increased and pay levels are reduced.

Question 28

The _____ prohibits discrimination in terms, conditions, or privileges of employment against all individuals of age 40 or older working for employers having 20 or more workers.

A) Older Workers Benefit Protections Act
B) Rehabilitation Act
C) Civil Rights Act
D) Age Discrimination in Employment Act

Question 29

Which of the following is typically a practice of reasonable accommodation by employers toward disabled employees?

A) Establishing glass ceiling to aid the employees
B) Providing modifications to a job to assist with their task
C) Practicing nepotism to ensure that employees have a healthy work environment
D) Providing current users of illegal drugs with better compensation

Question 30

The Americans with Disabilities Act is enforced by the _____.

A) Department of Labor
B) National Labor Relations Board
C) Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs
D) Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Question 31

Under which of the following circumstances is a difference in pay between men and women permitted by the Equal Pay Act of 1963?

A) Difference in performance
B) Difference in life stage
C) Difference in ethnicity
D) Difference in religious beliefs

Question 32

The _____ eliminates the statute of limitations for employees who file pay discrimination claims under the Equal Pay Act.

A) Taft-Hartley Act
B) Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act
C) Clayton Antitrust Act
D) Railway Labor Act

Question 33

The _____ requires that qualified individuals be given up to 12 weeks of unpaid family leave and also requires that those taking family leave be allowed to return to jobs.

A) Pregnancy Discrimination Act
B) Family and Medical Leave Act
C) Fair Labor Standards Act
D) National Labor Relations Act

Question 34

Under which of the following circumstances is a difference in pay between men and women permitted by the Equal Pay Act of 1963?

A) Difference in seniority
B) Difference in marital status
C) Difference in ethnicity
D) Difference in religious beliefs

Question 35

The _____ passed in 1973 required that federal contractors take affirmative action to employ disabled workers.

A) Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act
B) Rehabilitation Act
C) Civil Rights Act
D) Taft-Hartley Act

Question 36

The _____ prohibits the use of pre-employment medical exams, except for drug tests, until a job has been conditionally offered.

A) Civil Rights Act
B) Family and Medical Leave Act
C) Americans with Disabilities Act
D) Taft-Hartley Act

Question 37

Which of the following best exemplifies quid pro quo type of sexual harassment?

A) A supervisor commenting on the appearance of an employee
B) A supervisor telling jokes to an employee that are sexual in nature
C) A supervisor giving a pay hike to an employee who performed sexual favors
D) A supervisor allowing revealing photos of self to be displayed in a public domain

Question 38

Which of the following is true of the Family and Medical Leave Act?

A) It does not cover cases of adoption.
B) It applies only to women.
C) It requires that qualified individuals be given up to 12 weeks of unpaid family leave.
D) It requires that qualified individuals be given up to 20 weeks of unpaid family leave.

Question 39

Which of the following statements is true about the Equal Pay Act of 1963?

A) It states that differences in pay between men and women in the same jobs are permitted if they belong to different ethnic groups.
B) It requires that men and women in the same jobs, in spite of difference in seniority are given equal pay.
C) It states that the existence of pay differences between the different jobs held by women and men is insufficient to prove that illegal discrimination has occurred.
D) It requires employers to give similar wage rates for similar work without regard to gender.

Question 40

Which of the following statements is true of quid pro quo harassment?

A) A supervisor can be held guilty of quid pro quo harassment if he or she tells jokes that are suggestive or sexual in nature.
B) For proving charges of quid pro quo harassment, a plaintiff only needs to prove that the working condition at a workplace is hostile.
C) A supervisor can be held guilty of quid pro quo harassment if he or she promotes an employee in return of sexual favors.
D) A company cannot be held liable for an employee's actions in cases of quid pro quo harassment.

Question 41

The Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) requires that employers treat maternity leave the same as other personal or medical leaves.

Question 42

Employers are allowed to retaliate against individuals who file discrimination charges.

Question 43

The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) of 1993 is applicable only to women.

Question 44

The primary objective of affirmative action plans is to identify the scope of workplace discrimination in the future.

Question 45

Provisions of the Affordable Care Act (2010) allow for break time and a private place for nursing mothers to express breast milk for one year after the birth of a child.

Question 46

Workplace romances are considered risky because they have great potential for causing conflict.

Question 47

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act states that it is illegal for an employer to fail or refuse to hire or discharge any individual because of such individual's national origin.

Question 48

Which of the following is true of the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act?

A) Uniformed military personnel are provided up to five years of active duty service leave during which the employer must hold their job.
B) Uniformed military personnel are provided up to seven years of active duty service leave during which the employer must hold their job.
C) The employer must compensate the military personnel during the time of active service for a period of five years.
D) The employer must compensate the military personnel during the time of active service for a period of seven years.

Question 49

Pay equity is the idea that pay for jobs requiring comparable levels of knowledge, skill, and ability should be similar, even if actual duties differ significantly.

Question 50

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforces employment laws in both private and public workplaces.

Question 51

Disparate treatment occurs when either different standards are used to judge individuals or the same standard is used but it is not related to the individuals' jobs.

Question 52

Restricting employees from wearing garments that might get caught in machinery is a form of discrimination and not a business necessity.

Question 53

Employers cannot discriminate on the basis of sex, religion, or national origin even if the characteristics can be justified as a bona fide occupational qualification.

Question 54

According to the _____, employees are required to notify their employers of military service obligations.

A) Civil Rights Act
B) Rehabilitation Act
C) Vietnam Era Veterans Readjustment Assistance Act
D) Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act

Question 55

Executive Orders 11246, 11375, and 11478 require federal contractors to take affirmative action to compensate for historical discrimination against women, minorities, and handicapped individuals.

Question 56

Differences in pay between men and women in the same jobs are permitted when there is a difference in the quality of work.

Question 57

The _____ requires employers to verify the employment status of all employees, while not discriminating because of national origin or ethnic background.

A) Civil Rights Act
B) Rehabilitation Act
C) Immigration Reform and Control Act
D) Older Workers Benefit Protection Act

Question 58

Nepotism is the practice of preventing relatives from working for the same employer.

Question 59

All educational institutions are exempted from Title VII of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972.

Question 60

The Equal Pay Act of 1963 requires employers to pay similar wage rates for similar work without regard to gender.

Question 61

Elaborate on the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Question 62

The Older Workers Benefit Protection Act ensures that older workers are not compelled or pressured into waiving their rights under the ADEA.

Question 63

A quid pro quo harassment exists when an individual's work performance or psychological well-being is unreasonably affected by intimidating or offensive working conditions.

Question 64

Define the characteristics of a disabled person in the context of the latest amendments to the Americans with Disabilities Act.

Question 65

Describe affirmative action program (AAP). What is its primary objective?

Question 66

Define bona fide occupational qualification.

Question 67

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) covers all state government employees.

Question 68

Outline EEOC's recommendations on managing religious diversity in the workplace.

Question 69

List the clauses that permit a difference in pay between men and women in the same jobs.

Question 70

The Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) requires employers to verify the employment status of all employees, while not discriminating because of national origin or ethnic background.

Question 71

A hostile environment harassment is a type of sexual harassment in which employment outcomes are typically linked to the individual granting sexual favors.

Question 72

Through cultural awareness training, organizations try to build greater understanding of the differences among people.

Question 73

Under the Vietnam Era Veterans Readjustment Assistance Act, employees are required to notify their employers of military service obligations.

Question 74

The Rehabilitation Act was initially only applicable to federal contractors.

Question 75

The Americans with Disabilities Act includes restrictions on obtaining and retaining medically related information on applicants and employees.

Question 76

Explain protected characteristics.

Question 77

Describe the concepts of equal employment opportunity.

Question 78

Explain the concept status-blind employment decisions.

Question 79

Describe the important elements of affirmative defense.

Question 80

Which are the organizations that are required to comply with the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972?