Deck 6: Police and Law

Question 1

Police are allowed to use deception when interrogating a suspect.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Consent searches are unconstitutional under the Fourth Amendment.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Borders and airports always allow searches without warrants.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Prior to Miranda, police officers would torture suspects until a confession was delivered.

Question 5

The plain view doctrine was initially discussed in Coolidge v.New Hampshire (1971).

Question 6

Miranda warnings must be read to a suspect prior to interrogation.

Question 7

Police officers must be in marked police cars when making traffic stops.

Question 8

Miranda warnings must be issued in written form and signed or initialed by the suspect.

Question 9

Police officers must provide Miranda warnings if they approach someone on the street and begin questioning them.

Question 10

All illegally obtained evidence will be excluded from trial based upon the exclusionary rule.

Question 11

Most stops must be supported by reasonable suspicion; an arrest or a search warrant must be supported by enough information to constitute
probable cause.

Question 12

"Stops" are defined as events that violate individuals' reasonable expectations of privacy.

Question 13

If a person is growing marijuana in plain sight of a passing car, a police officer does not need a warrant to search and seize the evidence.

Question 14

The clause protecting against unreasonable search and seizure is found in the Fifth Amendment.

Question 15

Probable cause must be established before an arrest warrant is issued.

Question 16

Miranda warnings were established by the Supreme Court in Weeks v.U.S.(1914).

Question 17

The majority of searches take place without a warrant.

Question 18

Even if a police officer is acting in the interests of public safety, he or she must obtain a warrant before searching an area.

Question 19

A consent search provides a valuable investigatory tool for officers.

Question 20

Police officers cannot stop and frisk suspects even if they have reasonable suspicion.

Question 21

Mapp v.Ohio (1961) applied the exclusionary rule to the state court system.

Question 22

If a police officer is acting in good faith, then he or she may use evidence obtained through the use of a defective search warrant.

Question 23

To obtain an arrest warrant, police must demonstrate:

A) reasonable expectation.
B) preponderance of the evidence.
C) reasonable suspicion.
D) the exclusionary rule.
E) probable cause.

Question 24

Consent searches occur when there is an immediate threat to public safety or the risk that evidence will be destroyed, officers may search, arrest, or question suspects without obtaining a warrant or following other usual rules of criminal procedure.

Question 25

A brief interference with a person's freedom of movement with a duration that can be measured in minutes is called a(n):

A) affidavit.
B) arrest.
C) interrogation.
D) search.
E) stop.

Question 26

The good faith exception can only be used in federal cases due to U.S.v.Leon (1984).

Question 27

In order for a stop to be permissible, officers must have:

A) preponderance.
B) probable cause.
C) doubt.
D) reasonable suspicion.
E) a hunch.

Question 28

Warrantless searches often will take place at the entry points into the United States-border crossings, ports, and airports.

Question 29

Which of the following must police officers seeking a warrant present to a judge?

A) testament
B) affluence
C) affinity
D) arrest
E) affidavit

Question 30

There is no hard-and fast definition of probable cause that can be applied to every situation.

Question 31

An arrest, even on minor offenses, makes people subject to intrusive strip searches and body cavity inspections when they are placed in jail.

Question 32

The term "reasonable expectation of privacy" is most relevant to which of the following police activities?

A) search
B) seizure
C) interrogation
D) arrest
E) stop

Question 33

A significant deprivation of liberty, involving taking a person into custody, transporting them to a police station or jail, and processing them into the criminal justice system, is called a(n):

A) interrogation.
B) stop.
C) affidavit.
D) arrest.
E) search.

Question 34

A motion to suppress would be used to ask a judge to exclude evidence that has been illegally obtained.

Question 35

Which of the constitutional amendments guarantees citizens protection against "unreasonable search and seizure"?

A) the Fourth Amendment
B) the Eighth Amendment
C) the Fourteenth Amendment
D) the Sixth Amendment
E) none of these

Question 36

A situation in which a police officer uses his or her authority to deprive people of their liberty or property, and that must not be "unreasonable" according to the Fourth Amendment.

A) seizure
B) stop
C) search
D) entrapment
E) none of these

Question 37

In Nix v.Williams (1984), the U.S.Supreme Court established the inevitable discovery exception to the exclusionary rule.

Question 38

What U.S.Supreme Court case ruled that deadly force may not be used against an unarmed and fleeing suspect unless necessary to prevent their escape and unless the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of serious injury.

A) Tennessee v.Garner (1985)
B) Miranda v.Arizona (1966)
C) Roper v.Simmons (2005)
D) Mapp v.Ohio (1961)
E) Gideon v.Wainwright (1963)

Question 39

When officers observe people leaving a residence that the police are about to search, the officers may not follow and detain those people a mile away from the residence, since they do not pose any risk of interfering with the search.

Question 40

Excessive use of force violates what amendment?

A) Third
B) Fourth
C) Second
D) Fifth
E) First

Question 41

When there is an immediate threat to public safety or the risk that evidence will be destroyed , officers may search, arrest, or question suspects without obtaining a warrant.

A) exclusionary rule
B) due process
C) probable cause
D) totality of circumstances
E) exigent circumstances

Question 42

The majority of searches take place without a:

A) warrant.
B) search.
C) arrest.
D) seizure.
E) bail.

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT a way to legally conduct a search without a warrant?

A) supervisor enforced
B) stop-and-frisk
C) witness statement
D) special needs
E) automobile search

Question 44

According to the Supreme Court, exigent circumstances might exist when:

A) officers do not want to wait for a warrant.
B) officers are friendly with the suspects.
C) officers believe others might be in grave danger.
D) officers believe there is probable cause.
E) officers believe they might find important evidence.

Question 45

This type of search allows officers to conduct a permissible warrantless search of a person, vehicle, home, or location after receiving permission from the person in question.

A) Terry
B) no knock
C) permissible
D) nonconsent
E) consent

Question 46

A "pat down" search is also known as a:

A) probable guilt search.
B) totality of circumstances search.
C) stop-and-frisk search.
D) Miranda search.
E) plain view search.

Question 47

Terry v.Ohio endorsed stop-and-frisk searches to ensure this.

A) due process
B) officer safety
C) victim's rights
D) witness safety
E) suspect rights

Question 48

During a traffic stop, officers can order passengers as well as the driver to exit the vehicle, even if there is no basis for suspicion that the passengers engaged in any wrongdoing according to this case?

A) Maryland v.Wilson (1997)
B) Georgia v.Randolph (2006)
C) Illinois v.Rodriguez (1990)
D) Carroll v.U.S.(1925)
E) California v.Acevedo (1991)

Question 49

Which two decisions by the Court laid the foundation for Miranda v.Arizona (1966)?

A) Mapp v.Ohio (1961) and Gideon v.Wainwright (1963)
B) Wolf v.Colorado (1949) and Mapp v.Ohio (1961)
C) Maryland v.Wilson (1957) and Mapp v.Ohio (1961)
D) Wolf v.Colorado (1949) and Rochin v.California (1952)
E) Escobedo v.Illinois (1964) and Massiah v.U.S.(1964)

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT a required component of the Miranda warnings?

A) notification that any statement suspects make can be used against them in court
B) notification that the state will pay for an attorney if suspects cannot afford one
C) notification that suspects have the right to an attorney during interrogation
D) notification that suspects have the right to a speedy trial
E) notification that suspects have the right to remain silent

Question 51

This case ruled that police can systematically stop drivers in order to seek information.

A) Michigan Department of State Police v.Sitz
B) Mapp v.Ohio
C) Illinois v.Lidster
D) Delaware v.Prouse
E) City of Indianapolis v.Edmond

Question 52

In the case of U.S.v.Drayton (2002), the U.S.Supreme Court ruled that police officers:

A) must notify citizens they have the right to say "no" to a search.
B) must notify a citizen of his or her right against self-incrimination.
C) are not obligated to notify citizens they have a right to say "no" to a search.
D) must notify a citizen of his or her right to an attorney.
E) are not obligated to read citizens their rights prior to arrest.

Question 53

In this court case, the Supreme Court endorsed warrantless searches for weapons and evidence in the immediate vicinity of people who are lawfully arrested.

A) Roper v.Simmons
B) Mapp v.Ohio
C) Terry v.Ohio
D) Chimel v.California
E) Chimel v.Ohio

Question 54

Which of the following statements about search warrants is FALSE?

A) Police officers must identify the "things" to be searched.
B) Police officers are allowed to conduct warrantless searches under certain circumstances.
C) Police officers must provide reliable information when obtaining a search warrant.
D) Police officers need a search warrant even if a person waives his or her Fourth Amendment rights.
E) Police officers cannot admit evidence into court if they gather evidence using an illegal search warrant.

Question 55

The U.S.Supreme Court ruled, in this case, that the totality of circumstance test should be used for determining the existence of probable cause.

A) Illinois v.Gates
B) Hannity v.Patrick
C) Roper v.Simmons
D) Map v.Ohio
E) Mapp v.Ohio

Question 56

According to this rule, a suspect who, during a frisk, which is not justified by proper observation and reasonable suspicion , is found to be carrying drugs or weapons can seek to have the evidence excluded.

A) totality of circumstances
B) probable cause
C) exigent circumstances
D) exclusionary rule
E) due process

Question 57

This case ruled that random stops by officers on patrol are not constitutional.

A) Delaware v.Prouse
B) Illinois v.Lidster
C) Michigan Department of State Police v.Sitz
D) Mapp v.Ohio
E) City of Indianapolis v.Edmond

Question 58

Which doctrine permits officers to notice and use as evidence items that are visible to them when they are in a location that they are permitted to be?

A) plain view doctrine
B) stop and frisk doctrine
C) Miranda doctrine
D) exigent circumstances doctrine
E) public safety doctrine

Question 59

In what circumstance is the totality of circumstances used?

A) to determine whether probable cause exists
B) to determine whether to Mirandize a suspect
C) to determine whether to indict a suspect
D) to determine whether police acted appropriately
E) to determine whether an offender is guilty

Question 60

In which of the following cases did the U.S.Supreme Court establish that criminal defendants must be read their rights?

A) Terry v.Ohio (1968)
B) Chimel v.California (1969)
C) Miranda v.Arizona (1966)
D) Mapp v.Ohio (1961)
E) Maryland v.Wilson (1997)

Question 61

A flexible test established by the Supreme Court for identifying whether probable cause exists that permits the judge to determine whether the available evidence is both sufficient and reliable enough to issue a warrant is the definition of:

A) the totality of circumstances.
B) an affidavit.
C) probable cause.
D) reasonable suspicion.
E) a stop.

Question 62

Which court case created the inevitable discovery exception to the exclusionary rule?

A) Weeks v.U.S.(1914)
B) Nix v.Williams (1984)
C) Miranda v.Arizona (1966)
D) Mapp v.Ohio (1961)
E) Roper v.Simmons (2005)

Question 63

Permits police to immediately question a suspect in custody without providing any warnings, when public safety would be jeopardized by their taking the time to supply the warnings is known as the individuals' rights.It is an instance of the:

A) Miranda exception.
B) exigent circumstances exception.
C) public safety exception.
D) plain view exception.
E) stop and frisk exception.

Question 64

Because the fourth amendment protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures by all law enforcement officials, evidence found through improper searches or seizures must be:

A) inventoried.
B) incorporated.
C) included.
D) excluded.
E) cataloged.

Question 65

Which court case determined that when officers act in good faith on a warrant, the evidence will not be excluded even if the warrant was issued improperly?

A) Miranda v.Arizona (1966)
B) United States v.Leon (1984)
C) Roper v.Simmons (2005)
D) Nix v.Williams (1984)
E) Mapp v.Ohio (1961)

Question 66

Warrantless searches routinely take place at all of the following places EXCEPT:

A) border crossings.
B) ports.
C) apartments.
D) airports.

Question 67

Which court case determined that evidence found through improper searches and seizures must be excluded from use at both state and federal trials?

A) Miranda v.Arizona (1966)
B) Weeks v.U.S.(1914)
C) Roper v.Simmons (2005)
D) Nix v.Williams (1984)
E) Mapp v.Ohio (1961)

Question 68

In United States v.Jones (2012) the Supreme Court decided:

A) to make it a requirement for the police to seek search warrants, if possible, before taking involuntary blood tests from suspected drunk drivers.
B) police do not need a warrant to search a car.
C) ​that placing a GPS tracking device on a drug suspect's car without a warrant is a search that falls under the rules of the Fourth Amendment.
D) that arrest, even on minor offenses, makes people subject to intrusive strip searches and body cavity inspections when they are placed in jail.
E) that drug-sniffing dogs cannot be brought to the front door of a home to seek evidence that will be used to get a search warrant.

Question 69

In which of the following cases was the exclusionary rule originated?

A) Gideon v.Wainwright (1963)
B) Weeks v.U.S.(1914)
C) Miranda v.Arizona (1966)
D) Minnesota v.Dickerson (1993)
E) Mapp v.Ohio (1961)

Question 70

In Missouri v.McNeely (2013) the Supreme Court decided:

A) to make it a requirement for the police to seek search warrants, if possible, before taking involuntary blood tests from suspected drunk drivers.
B) police do not need a warrant to search a car.
C) ​that placing a GPS tracking device on a drug suspect's car without a warrant is a search that falls under the rules of the Fourth Amendment.
D) that arrest, even on minor offenses, makes people subject to intrusive strip searches and body cavity inspections when they are placed in jail.
E) that drug-sniffing dogs cannot be brought to the front door of a home to seek evidence that will be used to get a search warrant.

Question 71

In which case did the Supreme Court decide that drug-sniffing dogs cannot be brought to the front door of a home to seek evidence that will be used to get a search warrant.

A) Florida v.Jardines (2013)
B) Bailey v.United States (2013)
C) Missouri v.McNeely (2013)
D) Maryland v.King (2013)
E) Florence v.Board of Chosen Freeholders (2012)

Question 72

Which of the following situations best describes the good faith exception to the exclusionary rule?

A) An officer believes the suspect is truly guilty, and seizes evidence without a warrant.
B) An officer knowingly seizes evidence improperly, but asks forgiveness of the court later.
C) An officer believes he is acting correctly under the rules of evidence, but is actually incorrect.
D) An officer forgets to Mirandize a suspect.
E) An officer lies to a citizen about having a search warrant, and seizes evidence based on that.

Question 73

Evidence that would have been discovered even without improper actions by the police can be admissible under the:

A) silver-platter rule.
B) inevitable discovery rule.
C) exclusionary rule.
D) plain view doctrine.
E) good faith exception.

Question 74

In which of the following situations must Miranda warnings be given?

A) traffic stops
B) seizure of property
C) stop-and-frisk
D) custodial interrogations
E) police must provide Miranda warnings in all of these situations

Question 75

In which case did the Supreme Court decide to make it a requirement for the police to seek search warrants, if possible, before taking involuntary blood tests from suspected drunk drivers.

A) Florida v.Jardines (2013)
B) Bailey v.United States (2013)
C) Missouri v.McNeely (2013)
D) Maryland v.King (2013)
E) Florence v.Board of Chosen Freeholders (2012)

Question 76

Illinois v.Gates (1983) is the U.S.Supreme Court decision that established that:

A) police officers must provide reliable information when obtaining a search warrant.
B) police officers must identify the "things" to be searched.
C) police officers are allowed to conduct warrantless searches under certain circumstances.
D) police officers cannot admit evidence into court if they gather evidence using an illegal search warrant.
E) the flexible totality of circumstances test for determining the existence of the probable cause needed for obtaining a search warrant.

Question 77

A written statement of fact, supported by oath or affirmation and submitted to judicial officers to fulfill the requirements of probable cause for obtaining a warrant, is the definition of:

A) the totality of circumstances.
B) an affidavit.
C) probable cause.
D) reasonable suspicion.
E) a stop.

Question 78

The phrase "no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized" may be found in which Amendment?

A) First
B) Fourth
C) Fifth
D) Sixth
E) Eighth

Question 79

When must Miranda warnings be given to suspects?

A) before fingerprinting
B) before arrest
C) before being interrogated
D) immediately after arrest
E) before being read the charges against them

Question 80

Permissible warrantless search of a vehicle that has been impounded so that police can make a record of the items contained in the vehicle is known as a(n):

A) plain view search.
B) probable cause search.
C) inventory search.
D) search incident to arrest.
E) seizure.