Question 1

In considering culture and schizophrenia, cultural influences are ___________________.&#10;A) dependent on the society's perspective.&#10;B) far reaching and pervasive.&#10;C) limited but pervasive.&#10;D) Insignificant.

Accepted Answer

Cultural influences on schizophrenia are far-reaching and pervasive, impacting factors such as symptom expression, help-seeking behaviors, and the availability and utilization of mental health services. Culture also plays a role in shaping beliefs and attitudes towards mental illness, as well as the stigma that can surround it. Overall, cultural considerations are important in understanding and addressing schizophrenia in different populations.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a Western idiom of distress?&#10;A) Spirit possession&#10;B) Amafufunyana&#10;C) Schizophrenia&#10;D) Lower back pain

Accepted Answer

Lower back pain is a common physical symptom in Western cultures that can be used as an idiom of distress, indicating stress or emotional problems. A, B, and C are examples of non-Western idioms of distress. Spirit possession is a cultural belief in many non-Western societies and is seen as a way for individuals to express distress. Amafufunyana is a cultural syndrome observed in South Africa that includes symptoms such as fear, anxiety, and feeling like one's body is being attacked by animals or insects. Schizophrenia is a specific mental illness recognized in Western medicine, but it may also be seen as an idiom of distress in certain non-Western cultures.

Question 3

The German psychiatrist who coined the term dementia praecox was _________________.&#10;A) Arthur Kleinman.&#10;B) Cecil Seligman.&#10;C) Emil Kraepelin.&#10;D) Lewis King.

Accepted Answer

The term "dementia praecox" was coined by German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin, who believed it to be a distinct disease from other types of dementia.

Question 4

The methodology of ____________ was criticised for downplaying and trivialising cultural symptoms in its search for universal symptoms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The methodology of ____________ was criticised for...

Question 5

According to Cheng (2001), culture gives ________ and _________ to disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Cheng (2001), culture gives ________...

Question 6

Somatisation occurs worldwide, but its prevalence varies considerably across cultures.

Accepted Answer

Research has found that somatic symptoms are a common way of expressing distress in many cultures, but the prevalence and specific type of somatic symptoms reported can vary significantly across cultures. For example, some cultures may emphasize somatic expressions of emotional distress, while others may focus more on psychological or social expressions. Additionally, different cultures may have varying levels of stigma attached to reporting somatic symptoms, which can affect how frequently they are reported.

Question 7

Discuss three examples of the clinical utility of idioms of distress.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss three examples of the clinical utility...

Question 8

Discuss the evidence on the relationship between culture and pathology.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the evidence on the relationship between...

Question 9

Choose the MOST accurate view on many cultural conceptualisations of spirit possession.&#10;A) Once possessed, the person will have to remain at a hospital for an extended period of time.&#10;B) Spirit possession can permanently harm the person's self and body.&#10;C) As an explanation, spirit possession may guard against stigma associated with biomedical and genetic explanations.&#10;D) Spirit possession is thought to be genetic and is expected to transfer to children.

Accepted Answer

Many cultural conceptualisations of spirit possession serve as alternative explanations to biomedical and genetic explanations for mental and physical health issues. This can help to guard against the stigma associated with biomedical and genetic explanations, particularly in cultures where mental illness is heavily stigmatised. However, this does not necessarily mean that those who experience spirit possession do not seek or receive medical treatment.

Question 10

In the context of cultural formulation, Fuflord's squeaky wheel principle refers to the universal approach to understanding mental illness.

Accepted Answer

The squeaky wheel principle does not relate to the cultural formulation; rather, it refers to the idea that people with mental illness who express their symptoms more loudly or frequently are more likely to receive attention and treatment.

Question 11

The DSM-5 includes &#34;improving therapeutic efficacy&#34; as one of the reasons to accommodate cultural differences and diversity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The DSM-5 includes &#34;improving therapeutic efficacy&#34; as...

Question 12

Describe the five elements of the cultural formulation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the five elements of the cultural...

Question 13

____________________ are particular modes of communication between patient and therapist/healer that allow the patient to convey distress in a culturally sanctioned manner.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ are particular modes of communication between...

Deck 17: Culture and Mental Health