Deck 52: The Eye: III Central Neurophysiology of Vision

Question 1

The women of ancient Egypt who used an extract from the belladonna plant to dilate their eyes for cosmetic reasons would most likely have experienced the following decrement in visual function?

A)Seeing objects close at hand
B)Seeing objects at a distance
C)Adjusting to low light conditions
D)Moving their eyes in a coordinated fashion

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is true regarding the blind spot of the eye?

A)Is located 15 degrees lateral to the central point of vision
B)Is the exit point of the optic nerve
C)Contains no rods or cones
D)All of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Fibers from which area of the retina converge on the left lateral geniculate nucleus?

A)Temporal portion of the left eye and nasal portion of the right eye
B)Temporal portion of the right eye and nasal portion of the left eye
C)Nasal portion and temporal portion of the left eye
D)Nasal portion and temporal portion of the right eye

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Ganglion cells attached to photoreceptors located on the temporal portion of the retina project to which of the following structures?

A)Contralateral lateral geniculate nucleus
B)Ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus
C)Ipsilateral medial geniculate nucleus
D)Calcarine fissure

Question 5

The pupillary light reflex is initiated when light shines on which of the following structures?

A)Ciliary ganglion
B)Cornea
C)Edinger-Westphal nucleus
D)Pretectal region
E)Retina

Question 6

In which of the following cells of the retina are action potentials generated as a result of exposure to light?

A)Horizontal cells
B)Amacrine cells
C)Bipolar cells
D)Ganglion cells

Question 7

Ganglion cells attached to rods or cones located on the nasal portion of each retina terminate (or synapse) in which of the following structures?

A)Calcarine fissure of occipital cortex
B)Contralateral lateral geniculate nucleus
C)Contralateral visual cortex
D)Ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus
E)Ipsilateral visual cortex

Question 8

Consider the situation in which an individual is turning her head to the left about the axis of the neck. The motion begins while the chin is directly over the right shoulder and ends with the chin directly over the left shoulder. Which of the following best describes the associated eye movements in a normal individual while the head is turning?

A)The eyes will be moving to the right and saccadic eye motion will be to the left
B)The eyes will be moving in the same direction as the head rotation and the saccadic eye motion will be to the left
C)The eyes will be moving to the right and the saccadic eye motion will be to the right
D)The eyes will remain stationary within the orbits and the saccadic eye motion will be to the right

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the optic disc?

A)No rods or cones present
B)Only cones present
C)Only rods present
D)Both rods and cones present

Question 10

Optic nerves fibers leaving the retina cross to the contralateral side mainly in which of the following structures?

A)Lateral geniculate body
B)Medial geniculate body
C)Optic chiasm
D)Optic radiation

Question 11

Ganglion cells attached to photoreceptors located on the nasal portion of each retina terminate in which of the following structures?

A)Contralateral lateral geniculate nucleus
B)Calcarine fissure of occipital cortex
C)Contralateral medial geniculate nucleus
D)Ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus

Question 12

Topical application of atropine in the eye has which of the following effects?

A)Miosis, inhibition of accommodation
B)Miosis, stimulation of accommodation
C)Mydriasis, inhibition of accommodation
D)Mydriasis, stimulation of accommodation

Question 13

The primary visual cortex is located in which of the following?

A)Occipital lobe
B)Temporal lobe
C)Post-central gyrus
D)Parietal lobe

Question 14

Which of the following statements best describes the function of the lateral geniculate nucleus?

A)Site of convergence of signals from the two eyes
B)Controls involuntary fixation process
C)Controls voluntary fixation process
D)Provides gate control for information destined to be received by primary visual cortex

Question 15

Which of the following are paired correctly?

A)Layers 1 and 2 of the lateral geniculate nucleus and the magnocellular pathway to primary visual cortex
B)Layers 1, 4, and 6 of the lateral geniculate nucleus and input from ipsilateral ganglion cells
C)Layers 2, 3, and 5 of the lateral geniculate nucleus and input from contralateral ganglion cells

Question 16

Damage to cranial nerve VI will produce which of the following deficits in eye movement?

A)An inability to move eyes in a vertical up and down motion
B)An inability to rotate eyes within eye socket
C)An inability to move eyes laterally towards midline
D)An inability to move eyes laterally away from midline

Question 17

Injury to the superior cervical ganglion on the left side of the neck could result in which of the following symptoms?

A)Presbyopia in left eye
B)A dilated pupil in left eye
C)Blindness in left eye
D)A constricted pupil in left eye