Deck 18: The Preschool Child

Question 1

A 4-year-old child insists that he has more money with a nickel than his father has with a dime.The nurse is aware that this perception is described in Piaget's theory as:

A) egocentrism.
B) artificialism.
C) animism.
D) intuition.

Answer 1

intuition.

Question 2

The nurse characterizes the play of 5-year-old children as:

A) enjoying rough and tumble play.
B) playing well-organized games.
C) following rules.
D) preferring inside activities.

Answer 2

following rules.

Question 3

The nurse's best advice to a parent about a preschooler's "imaginary friend" would be that:

A) having imaginary friends is a sign that the child has a low self-esteem.
B) it is common for preschoolers to have imaginary friends.
C) the preschooler invents an imaginary friend when he feels overwhelmed.
D) the best approach to dealing with an imaginary friend is to ignore them.

Answer 3

it is common for preschoolers to have imaginary friends.

Question 4

The nurse is aware that children who are unable to express themselves with words often will:

A) become reclusive and introspective.
B) develop other methods of verbal communication.
C) engage in more creative play.
D) have tantrums and act out.

Question 5

The nurse suggests that the most appropriate toy choice for a 3-year-old would be:

A) a board game.
B) a small pet, such as a goldfish.
C) a large construction set.
D) push-pull toys.

Question 6

The parent of a 3 1/2-year-old child tells the nurse,"My daughter points instead of speaking whenever she wants me to get something for her,but she understands me when I ask her to do something." Based on the parent's comment,the nurse recognizes that the child:

A) has age-appropriate language development.
B) may have expressive language delay.
C) has a receptive language delay.
D) should have her hearing tested.

Question 7

A father is concerned about how long his preschool-age child will continue sucking his thumb.The nurse's most helpful response would be:

A) "Most children will stop thumb-sucking naturally by school age. "
B) "Over-the-counter treatments that give a bad taste can be placed on the thumb to discourage the practice. "
C) "Consistently touching the child's fingers whenever he sucks his thumb is most effective. "
D) "Thumb-sucking is detrimental to the eruption of the child's teeth and must be stopped as soon as possible. "

Question 8

In planning care for a child with moderate mental retardation,the type of play most appropriate should:

A) exercise leg and arm muscles.
B) be educationally oriented to make up for lost time.
C) be adjusted to mental age rather than her chronological age.
D) involve contact sports and aggressive physical activity with other children.

Question 9

The parents of a 4-year-old boy are concerned because they have noticed him frequently touching his penis.The nurse would base a response on the knowledge that:

A) this behavior indicates a normal curiosity about sexuality.
B) masturbation suggests the boy has an excessive fear of castration.
C) it is usually a result of discomfort from a penile rash or irritation.
D) the behavior is abnormal and the child should be referred for counseling.

Question 10

The nurse suggests a measure that might be helpful for the child with enuresis,such as:

A) applying an electric pad that gently shocks the child.
B) waking the child several times during the night to urinate.
C) decreasing fluid intake after the evening meal.
D) increasing dietary fiber intake.

Question 11

Which statement best describes the 3-year-old child?

A) Boisterous, tattles on others
B) Aggressive, shows off
C) Helpful, wants to assist with chores
D) Talkative, inquisitive about the environment

Question 12

A preschool-age child is asked,"Why do trees have leaves?" Which response would be an example of animism?

A) "So I can have shade over my sandbox. "
B) "Because God made them that way. "
C) "To hide behind when they are scared. "
D) "For the squirrels to play in. "

Question 13

When discussing preschoolers' sexual curiosity with the parent,the nurse determines that the mother understands the information when she states she would:

A) "Make up funny words for body parts. "
B) "Distract my child with a toy if she asks about sex. "
C) "Answer her questions when she asks. "
D) "Tell her to ask me again when she is 6-years-old. "

Question 14

A parent is concerned about her children's reaction should their grandmother die.In planning a response,the nurse is guided by the understanding that:

A) children are unlikely to notice their grandmother's absence if no one reminds them.
B) young children often understand that other people die, but do not equate it with themselves.
C) the children's response will depend entirely on whether they have been acquainted with death before this.
D) children can understand the concept of a higher being much like adults can.

Question 15

A 4-year-old child tells the nurse that he will not eat peas because they are green.This is an example of:

A) egocentrism.
B) artificialism.
C) animism.
D) centering.

Question 16

The parent of a 4 1/2-year-old child tells the nurse,"Bedtime is difficult.I can't get my son to go to bed at night." The nurse and the child's mother discuss options and decide that the best choice would be to:

A) allow the child to put himself to bed when he is tired.
B) let the child read in his room until he falls asleep.
C) establish a bedtime routine and use it consistently.
D) tire him out with physical activity before bedtime.

Question 17

A 3-year-old child,while playing with her favorite toy in the playroom of the pediatric unit,is approached by another child who also wants to play with the same toy.The nurse anticipates that the 3-year-old will:

A) play well with the other child.
B) give the toy up and then not play anymore.
C) become angry and a physical response might ensue.
D) ignore the toy and go on to something else.

Question 18

The intervention that is most effective in dealing with occasional aggression in a 4-year-old child is to:

A) have the child take a time-out in the corner for 4 minutes.
B) spank the child at the time of the incident.
C) take away television privileges for the day.
D) send the child to his room for 30 minutes.

Question 19

The nurse understands that a fear unique to the preschool period is fear of:

A) water.
B) animals.
C) bodily harm.
D) death.

Question 20

The tasks that would be appropriate to expect of a 5-year-old would be:

A) setting the table with paper plates.
B) washing the dirty knives.
C) carrying glasses from the table to the sink.
D) scrubbing out the sink with cleanser.

Question 21

The gradual transfer of behavioral control from the parent to the child is accomplished through _________________.

Question 22

Play that is designed to retrain muscles or improve eye-hand coordination is considered ____________________ play.

Question 23

The nurse points out what developmental milestone(s)for a 5-year-old boy toward developing his sexual identity? Select all that apply.

A) Begin to be less focused on his mother
B) Ignore both parents totally
C) Regress to a more infantile level
D) Form a romantic attachment to the mother
E) Identify with the parent of the same sex

Question 24

An example of associative play would be two children playing:

A) house, one playing the role of the dad and the other playing the mom.
B) in a sand box, one building a wall and the other digging a hole.
C) with sports associated items, one with a football and the other with a bat.
D) with a coloring book, one coloring pictures and the other looking at pictures.

Question 25

The nurse points out that what advantage(s)of a nursery school or preschool experience? Select all that apply.

A) Increasing self-confidence
B) Fostering group cooperation
C) Detecting adjustment problems
D) Enhancing social skills
E) Playing experiences with other children
F) None of the above

Question 26

The nurse suggests which bedtime preparation ritual(s)? Select all that apply.

A) Telling a story
B) Placing a favorite toy in bed
C) Placing a glass of water at the bedside
D) Turning on a night light
E) Playing energetically

Question 27

____________ is a preschooler's idea that the world and all of its contents are created by people.

Question 28

The nurse includes playing in the plan of care for a 5-year-old because play allows the child to do what? Select all that apply.

A) Exercise his imagination
B) Assume a role and act it out
C) Offers an emotional outlet
D) Employs magical thinking
E) Interact with other children
F) None of the above

Question 29

The nurse planning a seminar on safety for the preschooler will focus what aspect(s)? Select all that apply.

A) Poisonings
B) Burns
C) Falls
D) Abductions
E) Vehicles and pedestrian
F) None of the above

Question 30

When planning an activity for a 3-year-old,the nurse bases the plan on the average attention span of _____ minutes.