Deck 12: Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

Question 1

A woman has come to the clinic for preconception counselling because she wants to start trying to get pregnant in 3 months.Which information should the nurse provide to this woman?

A) Discontinue all contraception now.
B) Lose weight so that you can gain more during pregnancy.
C) Continue taking any medications you have been taking regularly.
D) Make sure that you include adequate folic acid in your diet.

Answer 1

Make sure that you include adequate folic acid in your diet.

Question 2

Which should the nurse teach a pregnant woman who is still playing tennis at 32 weeks of gestation?

A) Increase fluid intake before,during,and after exercise.
B) Include extra protein sources,such as peanut butter,in your diet.
C) Eat salty foods to replace lost sodium.
D) Eat easily digested sources of carbohydrate.

Answer 2

Increase fluid intake before,during,and after exercise.

Question 3

Which meal would provide the most absorbable iron?

A) Toasted cheese sandwich,celery sticks,tomato slices,and a grape drink
B) Oatmeal,whole wheat toast,jelly,and low-fat milk
C) Black bean soup,wheat crackers,dried apricots,and prunes
D) Red beans and rice,cornbread,mixed greens,and decaffeinated tea

Answer 3

Black bean soup,wheat crackers,dried apricots,and prunes

Question 4

What should the nurse be aware of with regard to protein in the diet of pregnant women?

A) Many protein-rich foods are also good sources of calcium,iron,and B vitamins.
B) Many women need to increase their protein intake during pregnancy.
C) As with carbohydrates and fat,no specific recommendations exist for the amount of protein in the diet.
D) High-protein supplements can be used without risk by women on macrobiotic diets.

Question 5

Which nutrient's recommended dietary allowance (RDA)is higher during lactation than during pregnancy?

A) Iodine
B) Iron
C) Vitamin A
D) Folic acid

Question 6

To prevent gastrointestinal upset,when should pregnant patients be instructed to take iron supplements?

A) On a full stomach
B) At bedtime
C) After eating a meal
D) With milk

Question 7

Which nutritional recommendation about fluids is accurate?

A) A woman's daily intake should be about 3 litres.
B) Coffee should be limited to no more than two cups,but tea and cocoa can be consumed without worry.
C) Of the artificial sweeteners,only aspartame has not been associated with any maternity health concerns.
D) Water with fluoride is especially encouraged because it reduces the child's risk of tooth decay.

Question 8

After the nurse completes nutritional counselling for a pregnant woman,which information from the woman would indicate that she understands the role of protein in her pregnancy?

A) Protein will help my baby grow.
B) Eating protein will prevent me from becoming anemic.
C) Eating protein will make my baby have strong teeth after he is born.
D) Eating protein will prevent me from being diabetic.

Question 9

Which would be of most concern with a pregnant woman whose diet consists almost entirely of whole-grain breads and cereals,fruits,and vegetables?

A) Calcium
B) Protein
C) Vitamin B₁₂
D) Folic acid

Question 10

A 22-year-old woman pregnant with a single fetus has a preconception body mass index (BMI)of 24.When she was seen in the clinic at 14 weeks of gestation,she had gained 2 kg since conception.How would the nurse interpret this?

A) This weight gain indicates gestational hypertension.
B) This weight gain indicates that the woman's infant is at risk for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
C) This weight gain cannot be evaluated until the woman has been observed for several more weeks.
D) The woman's weight gain is appropriate for this stage of pregnancy.

Question 11

What condition are infants born to women with an inadequate weight gain during pregnancy at higher risk of experiencing?

A) Spina bifida
B) Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
C) Diabetes mellitus
D) Down syndrome

Question 12

A 27-year-old pregnant woman had a preconception body mass index (BMI)of 18.0.Which would be within normal range for her total recommended weight gain during pregnancy?

A) 21 kg
B) 19 kg
C) 14 kg
D) 12 kg

Question 13

Which statement made by a lactating woman would lead the nurse to believe that the woman might have a lactose intolerance?

A) "I always have heartburn after I drink milk."
B) "If I drink more than a cup of milk,I feel bloated and have abdominal cramps."
C) "Drinking milk usually makes me break out in hives."
D) "Sometimes I notice that I have bad breath after I drink a cup of milk."

Question 14

A woman in week 34 of pregnancy reports that she is very uncomfortable because of heartburn.What should the nurse suggest to the woman?

A) Substitute other calcium sources for milk in her diet.
B) Lie down after each meal.
C) Reduce the amount of fibre she consumes.
D) Eat five small meals daily.

Question 15

Which statement about acronyms in nutrition is accurate?

A) Dietary reference intakes (DRIs)consist of recommended dietary allowances (RDAs),adequate intakes (AIs),and upper limits (ULs).
B) RDAs are the same as ULs,except with better data.
C) AIs offer guidelines for avoiding excessive amounts of nutrients.
D) They all refer to green,leafy vegetables;whole grains;and fruit.

Question 16

What are pregnant adolescents at high risk for,related to their lower body mass indices (BMIs)and "fad" dieting practices?

A) Obesity
B) Diabetes
C) Low-birth-weight babies
D) High-birth-weight babies

Question 17

Why is maternal nutritional status an especially significant factor that may influence the outcome of pregnancy?

A) It is very difficult to adjust because of people's ingrained eating habits.
B) It is an important preventive measure for a variety of problems.
C) Women love obsessing about their weight and diets.
D) A woman's preconception weight becomes irrelevant.

Question 18

Consuming more of which food will increase calcium intake?

A) Fresh apricots
B) Canned clams
C) Spaghetti with meat sauce
D) Canned sardines

Question 19

How should the nurse advise a pregnant woman who is experiencing nausea and vomiting?

A) Drink a glass of water with a fat-free carbohydrate before getting out of bed in the morning.
B) Eat small,frequent meals (every 1 to 2 hours).
C) Increase intake of high-fat foods to keep the stomach full and coated.
D) Limit fluid intake throughout the day.

Question 20

Which minerals and vitamins usually are recommended to supplement a pregnant woman's diet?

A) Fat-soluble vitamins A and D
B) Water-soluble vitamins C and B6
C) Iron and folate
D) Calcium and zinc

Question 21

Which fish is considered safe to consume while pregnant? Select all that apply.Express answer in small letters,followed by a comma and a space-e.g. ,a,b,

A) Shark
B) Canned tuna
C) Shrimp
D) Pollock
E) Swordfish
F) Marlin

Question 22

Which vitamins or minerals can lead to congenital malformations of the fetus if taken in excess by the mother?

A) Zinc
B) Vitamin D
C) Folic acid
D) Vitamin A

Question 23

While completing the physical assessment of the pregnant patient,the nurse can evaluate the patient's nutritional status by observing a number of physical signs.Which signs would indicate that the patient has unmet nutritional needs? Select all that apply.Express answer in small letters,followed by a comma and a space-e.g. ,a,b,

A) Loss of vibratory sense
B) Bright,clear,shiny eyes
C) Tender calves
D) Spoon-shaped nails
E) Reddish pink mucous membranes
F) Surface papillae present on tongue

Question 24

Which should the nurse be aware of with regard to nutritional needs during lactation?

A) The mother's intake of vitamin C,zinc,and protein now can be lower than during pregnancy.
B) Caffeine consumed by the mother accumulates in the infant,who therefore may be unusually active and wakeful.
C) Critical iron and folic acid levels must be maintained.
D) Lactating women can go back to their pre-pregnant calorie intake.

Question 25

While taking a diet history,the nurse might be told that the expectant mother has cravings for ice chips,cornstarch,and baking soda.What is the term for this behaviour?

A) Pre-eclampsia
B) Pyrosis
C) Pica
D) Purging

Question 26

What should the nurse tell a pregnant patient when counselling her about getting enough iron in her diet?

A) Milk,coffee,and tea aid iron absorption if consumed at the same time as iron.
B) Iron absorption is inhibited by a diet rich in vitamin C.
C) Iron supplements are permissible for children in small doses.
D) Constipation is common with iron supplements.

Question 27

What might a nurse suggest when teaching a woman about reducing the severity of nausea caused by morning sickness?

A) Try a tart food or drink such as lemonade or salty foods such as potato chips.
B) Drink plenty of fluids early in the day.
C) Brush teeth immediately after eating.
D) Never snack before bedtime.

Question 28

Which will the nurse teach the pregnant woman regarding the prevention of foodborne illness? Select all that apply.Express answer in small letters,followed by a comma and a space-e.g. ,a,b,

A) Clean all kitchen utensils with a 15-mL ratio of bleach to 750 mL water followed by a water rinse.
B) Refrigerate perishable food at 4° C or lower.
C) Leftovers can be safely consumed up to 1 week after they were originally cooked.
D) Never defrost food at room temperature.
E) It is not safe to consume Brie and Camerbert cheese.
F) It is safe to consume raw eggs as long as they are blended well.